1. HEALTH AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COURSES IN THE GENERAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM: WHERE WE HAVE BEEN AND WHERE WE ARE GOING 2011 CSKLS PRESENTATION

2. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OVER A LIFE SPAN Individuals become increasingly less active as they age. The largest decline from ages 15 thru 25.

3. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION UNITED STATES Significant Drop in Fruit and vegetable consumption in ages 17 thru 34

4. WERE HAVE WE BEEN: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE GEN ED 2011 CSKLS PRESENTATION

5. SWEDISH GYMNASTICS HEALTH, STRENGTH AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Johann GutMuths (1759-1839) Dudley Sargent, (1849 – 1924)

6. BRITISH SPORT SOCIAL, MORAL AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1762) Charles Kingsley (1850 ) John Williams (1866 )

7. INTRODUCTION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION INTO THE COLLEGE CURRICULUM (1861)Dr. Edward Hitchcock (a geologist) taught the first college course in physical fitness and hygiene education.

8. GENERAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS GER FIRST GER 1917 Columbia University Implements two courses 1.Introduction to Contemporary Civilization 2.General Honors EXPANDED GER 1931 Chicago University 1. Humanities, 2.Social Sciences, 3. Biological Sciences 4. Physical Sciences

9. GER PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 1930 BASIC INSTRUCTION PROGRAM (BIP) - British sport model was the trend with team sports being the focus. Jesse Williams  “unified human being” approach. 1956 President Eisenhower council on youth fitness Focus on Strength and Conditioning in the GER

10. THE GER 1980 AND 1990S CONCEPTUAL COURSES Health Related Fitness (HRF) courses that were more theoretically based  Lectures  Labs BASIC INSTRUCTION PROGRAM More student choice - scuba diving - rock climbing - skiing etc..

11. PERCENTAGE OF INSTITUTIONS WITH REQUIRED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY FOR GRADUATION

13. RESEARCH INTO EFFECTIVENESS OF UNIVERSITY HEALTH COURSES A.Changes in 1.Knowledge 2.Attitudes 3.Behaviors Dale and Corbin (2000) Pearman,Valois, Sargent, Saunders, Drane, Macera, (1997) B.(HRF) better than APE in long term promotion of physical activity Adams and Brynteson (1995)

14. TREND TO ONLINE HRF COURSES 2 YR VS 4 YR INSTITUTIONS ONLINE AND WEB-ENHANCED

15. WERE ARE WE GOING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 2011 CSKLS PRESENTATION

16. WHERE ARE WE GOING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 1.Improving health status of our college student population 2. Technology in the class room 3, Financial

17. EVIDENCED BASED PROGRAMS FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY COMPONENTS OF THE GEN ED (FISHER 2003)  Behavior management skills  Incorporate existing campus and community programs and facilities in courses  Physical activity classes should allow for variation in skill, fitness and experience  Conceptual courses should allow for some choice of content on broad topics  Identify barriers to exercise and help students overcome these barriers

18. TECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH BEHAVIORS

19. INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGY OR PERSUASIVE TECHNOLOGY

20. STUDENTS WHO TOOK AN ONLINE CLASS IN A GIVEN YEAR

21. INDIVIDUAL LEARNER EFFECTS OF ONLINE CLASSES PROS more engagement with content greater learner motivation increased Personal interaction with the instructor Greater control over the learning process Greater student interaction (average 1 hr class of 50 illicits responses from 7 students) More time for reflective responses (Roblyer & Marshall, 2003). CONS Technical difficulties Low learner motivation Sense of isolation Poor learner readiness Lack of contact with teacher Low retention rates (Coomey & Stephenson, 2001

22. LATEST INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY

23. CAUTIONS WITH TECHNOLOGY Buschner (2006) believes that no data exist to support the notion that online HRF courses result in student learning. Buschner (2006) states that online physical education is still at the "trial and error stage and should be undertaken with prudence"

24. FINANCIAL STRESS University cut backs effecting the Gen Ed programs

25. HIGH AND LOW OF REQUIRED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN GEN ED

26. Need for a comprehensive defense of the Kinesiology courses in Gen Ed programs Harmonizes the following literature 1.Health and kinesiology research 2.Government initiatives and programs 3.Faith based literature and theology promoting body care programs Research for evidence based strategies to promote health behaviors in college populations 1.Do our Physical activity programs still effect long term behavior change 2.Effective Use of physical activity Technologies in our programs 3.Effective online or web- enanced educational technologies TWO SUGGESTIONS FOR CSKLS