1. Chapter 6 6.1 Ionic Bonding 6.2 Covalent Bonding
Chemical Bonds
Chapter 6
6.1 Ionic Bonding
6.2 Covalent Bonding

2. Review of what you know
An electron dot diagram is a model of an atom in which each dot represents a valence electron.

3. Notice dots for each family/group

4. Full energy levels
When the outermost energy level of an atom is filled with electrons, the atom is stable and not likely to react.
Nobel gases have stable electron configurations with eight valence electrons

5. Stable or not, Ions come!!
Elements that do not have complete sets of valence electrons tend to react.

6. Ionic Bonding
Some elements achieve stability through the transfer (give away) of electrons between atoms.

7. Ions Created
View animation

8. Formation of Ions 
Ions are electrically-charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons
The charge on an ion is represented by a plus or a minus sign.

9. Cation – ion with a positive charge

10. Anion – ion with a negative charge

11. Did it Get or Give an Electron?
Fe+3
Cu+
Give
Give

12. Did it Get or Give an Electron?
Sn+2
Br-
Get
Give

13. Ionization Energy
An electron can move to a higher energy level when an atom absorbs energy.
The energy allows electrons to overcome the attraction of the protons in the nucleus.
The amount of energy used to remove an electron is called ionization energy.
It varies from element to element.
The lower the ionization energy, the easier it is to remove an electron from an atom.

14. Remember Reactivity Demo?

15. Covalent Bonding
A chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of valence electrons.
When two atoms share one pair of electrons, the bond is called a single bond

16. More Single Bonds

17. Molecular Models

18. Double Bond

19. Double Bond shown in structural formula (not dots!)

20. What kind of bond?

21. Triple Bond

22. Molecule
A neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds.

23. Chemical Formula
Used to describe the molecules of an element as well as a compound.
The element hydrogen has the chemical formula H2.
The subscript 2 indicates that there are two atoms in a molecule of hydrogen.

24. F.Y.I.
Exam Question

25. Most elements are……