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THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  Tissue necrosis and abscess formation are often seen in anaerobic infections.  Drainage and debridement together with.

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Presentation on theme: "THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  Tissue necrosis and abscess formation are often seen in anaerobic infections.  Drainage and debridement together with."— Presentation transcript:

1 THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  Tissue necrosis and abscess formation are often seen in anaerobic infections.  Drainage and debridement together with an antibiotic are often used.

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3 THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  For infections above the diaphragm- penicillin G is often used.  Infections below the diaphragm- clindamycin, metronidazole or chloramphenicol.  Anaerobic CNS infections- chloramphenicol or metronidazole.

4 THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  For some infections combinations of antibiotics are needed to cover both anaerobic and aerobic organisms.

5 THERAPY FOR ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS  The treatment of anaerobic infections must be individualized taking into account the site, type, extent, and severity of the infection as well as the patients’ condition.

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7 METRONIDAZOLE  Nitroimidazole derivative.  Introduced in 1959 as an antiparasitic agent.  Unique agent having activity vs both bacterial and parasitic infections.

8 ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY  Bactericidal against most gram - negative and gram-positive anaerobes including Bacteroides, Prevotella and Clostridia.

9 PHARMACOKINETICS  Rapidly and completely absorbed from the GI tract.  IV for serious bacterial infections.  Widely distributed throughout the body including the CNS.

10 PHARMACOKINETICS  Metabolized by the liver.  Renal excretion is the major route of elimination from the body (mostly as metabolites).

11 THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS  Drug of choice for trichomoniasis, amebiasis and giardiasis

12 THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS  For anaerobic infections it is the drug of choice or an alternative to clindamycin, certain beta-lactams and chloramphenicol.  Many of these are mixed aerobic - anaerobic infections so it must be combined with aerobic agents.

13 THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS  Endocarditis caused by B.fragilis.  Meningitis or brain abscess caused by B.fragilis.  Prophylaxis in surgical operations where risk is high.  B.fragilis infections resistant to other drugs.

14 THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS  Intra-abdominal infections.  Anaerobic infections of the bone, joints or soft tissue.

15 THERAPEUTIC INDICATIONS  Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis (AAPMC).

16 CONTRAINDICATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS  Pregnancy.

17 DRUG INTERACTIONS  Alcohol.  Warfarin.

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