1. Zenghong Liu & Jianping Xu State Key Lab of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics The Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA 2014.10.16 GOVST-V ， Beijing

2. Outline

4. Status of Global Argo 800+ floats/year

5. Status of Global Argo

6. Total USA

7. Status of Global Argo

9. About 1300,000 profiles from 2000 to 2014

10. Status of Global Argo

11. Enhancement of Argo array “Core Argo” to “Global Argo”

12. China Argo Progress China officially joined the international Argo program in September 2001 with the approval from the State Council. State Oceanic Administration (SOA) PI: East China Sea Branch, SOA PIs: SCSIO, CAS SIO, SOA NMEFC, SOA OUC NMDIS/SOA www.argo.gov.cn SIO/SOA www.argo.org.cn Float deployment Data receiving RT/DM QC Data distribution Product development Global data collection & archives Data receiving RT/DM QC Data distribution Product development Tianjin Hangzhou

13. China Argo Progress MOST: Ministry of Science and Technology NSFC: National Natural Science Foundation of China 2 research programs since 2007 China Argo SOA MOST NSFC 2 research programs 5 research programs since 2002 Most of the floats were deployed by research programs!!

14. China Argo Progress 2002-2014.09, 325 floats have been deployed in Pacific and Indian ocean. 195 floats are still active as of Oct 2014. 164 APEX (including 27 Iridium floats and 137 standard floats) 151 PROVOR (including 17 Iridium floats and 134 floats) 10 ARVOR

15. China Argo Progress Not operational, unstable yearly deployments

16. China Argo Progress Argo data flow China Argo real-time data centre (Hangzhou)

17. China Argo Progress Observed salinity at ɵ =2.8 ℃ Adjusted salinity Climatological salinity Argo data QC Real-time QC: fast, automatic, no obvious errors, to operational agencies Delayed-mode QC: high quality, need oceanographic knowledge surface pressure correction cell thermal mass correction salinity correction

18. Application of Argo data

19. CORA: a 23-year (1986-2008) regional reanalysis product of temperature, salinity and currents for the China coastal waters and adjacent seas developed by NMDIS. Han G. J. et al., 2013

20. Application of Argo data BOA_Argo: a monthly (1º×1º) gridded temperature and salinity fields of global oceans based on Argo profiles from 2004 to 2013 which is developed by Second Institute of Oceanography, SOA. http://www.argo.org.cn Li H. et al., 2013 Method: Cressman successive correction analysis

21. Application of Argo data Surface current: a dataset (Version 2) of global ocean surface currents for 1999 ‐ 2011 derived from Argo float trajectories developed by Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xie J. and Zhu J., 2008 Method: Kalman Filter Forecast … Observe … Analysis … Extrapolation

22. Application of Argo data NMEFC: reanalysis product of monthly temperature and salinity fields in tropical Pacific ocean with a spatial resolution of 2º×1º, and 13 levels between 0-630 meters. http://www.nmefc.gov.cn/fxcp/red aitaipingyang.aspx

23. Application of Argo data NCC (National Climate Centre): BCC-GODAS operational assimilation system. http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.CMA/.BCC/.GODAS/ IRI/LDEO Climate Data Library

24. Application of Argo data Number of published papers based on Argo data in different countries

25. Thanks for your attention!