1. Analysing the dynamics in the converging Digital Ecosystem Digital Asset Mapping of Interdepencies in Actor Networks (DAMIAN) VoIP and managed mobile telephony services CRNI 2013, Brussels - Frank Berkers, Pieter Nooren and Menno Bangma

2. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 2 assets Skype Apple Vodafone companies consumption retail services OTT VoIP mobile voice distribution aggregation service prov. navigation Regulation retail markets voice services Internet access device maker mobile telephony provider ISP OTT VoIP provider service aggregator roles

3. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 3 2009: Skype releases app for iPhone 3G version blocked 2010: 3G version allowed Forbidden by mobile operators in terms of use 2011: Net neutrality in Dutch Telecoms law 2013: proposal for European regulation

4. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 4 Production Rights Aggregation Application specific functions National/ International IP Network Global CDN Internet Exchange managed Best Effort IP Set-Top Box Portal App TV Tablet Smartphone PC Home Network CDN Website Content creation Content aggregation Service provision DistributionNavigationConsumption Service aggregation Global Cloud Cloud Dedicated device Aggregation Service Application specific functions Consumption consumptiondistribution content creation navigation service prov. content aggr. service aggr.

5. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 5 brand customer profiles customer relation billing relation mobile voice network mobile data network peering relations global interconnection dedicated 112 routing QoS control customer base brand customer profiles customer relation customer base app app store device & OS brand customer profiles customer relation billing relation customer base proprietary naming scheme standard phone numbers

6. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 6 Value of the service for the end-user Find & Obtain Experience Function & Content Enable & Connect “Is it accessible and available?” mobile network, CDN smartphone, OS “How to find and obtain it?” search engine, EPG, app store customer relation, billing, user profiles “What do I get?” content, quality, formats search algorithm, large user groups “How well does it work?” apps, OS on smartphone complete environment home network integration

7. Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 7 nonemany # alternatives availability completely open closed openness accessibility to others 2 1 Open Fair Use FRAND Commercieel/ Exclusief Closed Own use only High Entry barriers Low entry bariers Few alternatives (1-2) Many alternatives Few alternatives (1-2) Many alternatives No alternatives High switching/Installation Costs Low switching/installation costs Availability of alternatives Level of openness 3 2 1 3 4 5 6 2 5 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 influencedependency dependency offset by good supply of alternatives no influence commercially dependent dependent together with other actors as good as independent dependency risk Own use only little influence controlling influence Market player influence Influence potential dealbreaker 7 dealbreaker influence N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8. Asset Influence / Service Dependency Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 8

9. Reciprocity Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 9

10. What if…? Net neutrality is dropped Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 10

11. Conclusions Case Similar services, yet totally different User Value profiles Coopetition Balanced reciprocity, enabled by regulation Third controller Methodology Illustrates effects of regulation (technology, strategy) on reciprocity Co-developed and adopted by industry and regulators Other cases: search neutrality, HbbTV, Interop, NL-alert, Flash Neutral Networked Scoping and instance/types Technical / regulatory knowledge required Extensions, improvements Analysing Dynamics CRNI 2013 - Frank Berkers 11 Thank you! Any Questions? Frank Berkers frank.berkers@tno.nl