1. The management of change Changes in work patterns and jobs Teleworking - working from home using computer networks saves on transport cost time etc.. Video conferencing – allows remote meetings Lost jobs – unskilled manual jobs such as filing clerks. Call centres replacing bank clerks Call centres have caused many people to lose jobs as they have been moved abroad where labour is cheaper leading to ICT ‘sweat shops’. New skills required / retraining – acquire skills to use databases spreadsheets emails, programming etc. New jobs – systems analysts, programmers.

2. Management of Change 1. The skills required and not required As new systems are introduced some skills will no longer be need and new skills must be learnt e.g how to use new software, new short cuts keys, handling new printers. Companies must have an ongoing commitment to training. 2. Organisational structure New technologies often make certain levels of management or manual work redundant. e.g. introducing scanning technology may reduce the need for data entry clerks.

3. 3. Work patterns changes to the pattern of the day e.g. batch processing might mean payroll / ICT staff may have to do night shift teleworkingvideoconferencing 4. Internal procedures some tasks would be automated making jobs easier some jobs may increase in difficulty because they may be expected to improve productivity and perform tasks more quickly expected to improve productivity and perform tasks more quickly

4. 5. The workforce (fears caused by introduction of change) When an organisation restructures the workforce will have certain worries. Will they lose their job? Will they have to learn new skills to do their existing job? Will they have to move to a new job within the organisation? Will they take a pay cut? Will they have to change their work pattern, hours of work etc? Will they lose their current status?

5. Successful change management involves Step 1Research Step 2Design Step 3Cost benefit Analysis/ Forecast models models Step 4 Consultation Step 5 Implementation Step 6 Monitor and Evaluate.