1. Marion Degenhardt University of Education, Freiburg Burg Bodenstein March 3rd 2004 Presentation skills How to prepare and give a scientific talk

2. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Presentation skills Overview: What you will get … [1] Aspects of preparing a scientific talk: What has to be pre-planned! [2] Giving the talk: How to be successful during the talk? Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules

3. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Aims of the talk Characteristics of the audience Alloted time Structure of the talk Environment Situation of giving the talk

4. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Aims of the talk Characteristics of the audience Alloted time Structure of the talk Environment Situation of giving the talk

5. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Aims of the talk Characteristics of the audience General survey of the project, e.g. - what you investigate, - what kind of methods you use, - which results you already have or expect to get, - etc. Information about and discussion of particular problems Presentation and discussion of new results of your studies Information about the actual status quo of your project Aims of the talk Define your message and make it clear!! Characteristics of the audience Size? Knowledge? Expectations? Interests?

6. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Aims of the talk Characteristics of the audience Alloted time Structure of the talk Environment Situation of giving the talk

7. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Structure of the talk ca. 15 % Introduction ca. 70 % Mainpart ca. 15 % Ending

8. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Structure of the talk ca. 15 % Introduction ca. 70 % Mainpart Address of welcome Introduction of yourself Personal involvement Overview what the audience has to expect Introduction to the topic Title slide Overview slide ca. 15 % Ending

9. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Structure of the talk ca. 15 % Introduction ca. 70 % Mainpart Depending on your aim : Background information about your project Information, - what you have done already, - how it worked, - what you plan to do. Explanation of your methods Presentation of your results Illustration of your main problems ca. 15 % Ending

10. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Structure of the talk ca. 15 % Introduction ca. 70 % Mainpart Summary Conclusions Open questions Further questions Acknowledgements Maybe : Bibliography ca. 15 % Ending

11. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Structure of the talk ca. 15 % Introduction ca. 70 % Mainpart Stay within the alloted time!  Practice beforehand Address of welcome Introduction of yourself Personal involvement Overview what the audience has to expect Introduction to the topic Depending on your aim: Background information about your project Information, - what you have done already, - how it worked, - what you plan to do. Explanation of your methods Presentation of your results Illustration of your main problems Summary Conclusions Open questions Further questions Acknowledgements Maybe : Bibliography ca. 15 % Ending

12. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Aims of the talk Characteristics of the audience Alloted time Structure of the talk Environment Situation of giving the talk

13. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Environment Light conditions?  important for your slides Size and form of the (lecture) room? Available equipment? Which media do you want to use? Be prepared for the failure of technology: Take a CD with your whole talk with you Take printed transparencies with you Take paper prints from all transparencies  In case nothing works they can copied for the audience

14. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Situation of giving the talk Title Topic 1 Topic 2  Your notes! Tip: Print out your transparencies/slides in a small version and write keywords on it! Prepare your notes Brief notes Cards (it‘s good to have something in your hand)  Know the first minutes of your talk by heart... and the very end too  Write out your first sentences in full In case you might be nervous:

15. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Presentation skills Overview: What you will get … [1] Aspects of preparing a scientific talk: What has to be pre-planned! Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? [2] Giving the talk: How to be successful during the talk? Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules

16. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules Rules concerning the content Rules concerning the design General considerations

17. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules Rules concerning the content Rules concerning the design General considerations

18. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: General considerations 1. Consider the aims of visualisations: 2. Preparing diagrams or tables: Visualisations make your message clearer, confirm what you are saying, underline and emphasise your arguments, help remember things, keep the attention of your audience. Label the axes of diagrams, put a legend to each diagram, give each diagram and table a title, point out the first row and the first column in tables, explain diagrams and tables step-by-step Rule of thumb: Don‘t use more than one transparency/slide every other minute!  Examples

19. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules Rules concerning the content Rules concerning the design General considerations

20. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Rules concerning the content Make the structure of the whole presentation clear Give all transparencies/slides a title Put your name on each transparency/slide Use keywords or short phrases  Don‘t use long sentences Keep textual explanations and visualisations in balance Choose only one topic for each transparency/slide

21. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules Rules concerning the content Rules concerning the design General considerations

22. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Preparing visualisations: Rules concerning the design  Be careful and thoughtful with coloured fonts  Prefer colours in the background instead of coloured fonts  Be careful with backgrounds of a whole transparency/slide  Use capitals and small letters  Choose an appropriate font and font size  Consider that the colours at the PC at home seem to be brighter as if presented by a beamer Give the whole presentation a consistent appearance! Make sure that all colours, visualisations and animations have a special function!  Use colours always in the same way  Visualisations have to confirm and emphasise what you say  Be thoughtful with animations  Use colours always in the same way  Visualisations have to confirm and emphasise what you say  Be thoughtful with animations Make sure that everything is easy to read!

23. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Presentation skills Overview: What you will get … [1] Aspects of preparing a scientific talk: What has to be pre-planned! Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? [2] Giving the talk: How to be successful during the talk? Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules

24. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Giving the talk: How to be successful during the talk? What should you do … after the talk in the diskussion. shortly before you start … during the talk …

25. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Giving the talk: What should you do shortly before you start … After Before During Check the technology about 15 minutes before you start  If possible a day before! Check your transparencies/slides  Is everything visible?  Are no edges cutted of?  Is the light fine? Look for a comfortable position for you Accept that you might be nervous and deal with it

26. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Giving the talk: What should you do during the talk … After Before During What you should do … Face the audience  try to make eye contact Stay in a comfortable position Accept that you might be nervous  deal with it Notice your audience‘s needs Speak free Speak loudly and clearly What you should NOT do … Forget the address of welcome ≠ Face the screen Hide yourself behind the desk or computer Read your script Overrun the allotted time Point with your fingers on the transparencies ≠ ≠ ≠ ≠ ≠

27. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg After Before During Giving the talk: What should you do after the talk in the discussion… Make sure that you understand the questions correctly  Maybe ask for further clarification Before you answer: Repeat the question as you have understood it If you don‘t know the answer: Be honest! Avoid arguments Write down important hints ….. or ask somebody else to do it for you

28. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Presentation skills Summary: What you hopefully did get … [2] Giving the talk: How to be successful during the talk? [1] Aspects of preparing a scientific talk: What has to be pre-planned! Checklist: What has to be taken into account beforehand? Preparing visualisations: Considerations and rules

29. Marion Degenhardt – University of Education, Freiburg Presentation skills Open questions / Ending Are there any open questions? Are you interested in additional information? Good luck for your next presentation!!! Think of the possibility of individual coaching in the afternoon