1. by Reza Esfandiari, SULI Program Mentor: Carsten Hast August 14, 2009

2. Overview From LHC to ILC 31km long collider Collide electrons and positrons at the speed of light 1000 Klystrons will be used Klystron powered by Marx Modulators at End Station B Testing Facility

3. Klystron Tank and Marx Modulator @ SLAC The current Klystron (right) and Marx Modulator (in cage) Test Stand in End Station B

4. The 2nd Marx Modulator Prototype Close dimensions to the current Modulator. About 5’ wide 7’-4” high Expected to be 8-12 ft long

5. What we’re doing @ SLAC - Marx Modulators are part of the next generation of modulators that will power the Klystrons for the ILC. -Currently there are long term testing of several devices running for 1000s of hours - More equipment are soon coming up for additional testing - One option is to place them in the tunnel at End Station B

6. B-Target Room Tunnel 108’ long tunnel 24’-8” high 12’ wide Take special note of the two ledges Cranes up top

7. Objectives 1. Come up with a design that implements 4-5 Test Stations, meets the criteria set by management and researchers working at End Station B 2. Perform calculations needed for construction of the selected design 3. Apply calculations

8. But first… Need a complete set of blueprints of the tunnel SLAC built in 1960s, no CADs available then Recently all blueprints scanned online It was my first task to compile the scattered blueprints

9. BluePrint of End Station B Tunnel

10. Let the Designing and Planning Begin A lot of talking with researchers and management and at the End Station B Notable Criteria: Floor for storage A pipe to store RF waves California Building Code OSHA Standards Easier Access to the top of the Klystron And many more

11. Looking at the Klystron again - Over 9’ high - Next version will mainly make it not as long, but height stays more or less the same - Workers want easier access 9’ 4’ 9’-6” 2’-6”

12. Two Main Options Two Options that stood out One was cheap and inefficient, Other was more expensive but solved the problems at hand

13. The Not-So-Good Option Simply stack everything side by side down the tunnel Waist size regulation!!! 12’6’2’ MarxKlystron

14. The Better Option - Picture of 1 Klystron in the tunnel - Addresses most of the issues - Meets OSHA and Cal Codes

15. Another Look Cross-Sectional View (Looking into the tunnel) Meets CalCode for clearance to roof (4’ minimum) Meets OSHA Standard which states that the stair need 40- 60 degree incline Workers happier! 7’-2” 5’-4” 45 degree inclinde

16. And once more… A general look, though a lot are missing

17. Calculation Time First need to decide overall load of what the beams will hold Each Klystron has a weight of 3 ton(6000 lb) Weights change during Earthquakes SLAC’s formula for Earthquake safety Load (1.5) x Dead Load + E [ where E is the horizontal seismic force] Total Load to work with = 9,455 lb

18. A lot of Calculations Easy Stuff First Center of Mass of the Klystron Estimate the Live and Dead Loads Moment of Inertia Beam Reactions

19. More fun times! Maximum Bending Moment Maximum Shear Force Lateral Seismic Force Overturning Moment Stress at Load Deflection

20. Maximum Bending Moment Based on the Moment Diagram, can see that the maximum bending moment is around 9000 lb.ft.

21. What to do with a result -Need a Beam to resist that moment -Manual of Steel Construction (big thanks to Richard’s Mentor)

22. And without further adieu Example: A beam named W6x20 (which is 6” by 6”), can resist a bending moment of 27 Kip (which is 27,000 lbs.ft) [safety measures are good] Do this for all parts of the construction for each weld, bolt, etc…

24. Acknowledgments This project and opportunity was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy. I would like to express my gratitude to my mentor, Carsten Hast, Steve Rock and all workers at NLCTA and ESB that made me feel welcome this summer.

25. Questions?