1. Open Loop Gain

2. We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 3-1. The gain is 30. Experiment 11-11

3. .protect.lib 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.unprotect.op.options nomod post VDD103.3v.paramW1=10u W2=10u W3=10u W4=10u M12300 +nch L=0.35u W='W1' m=1AD='0.95u*W1' +PD='2*(0.95u+W1)' AS='0.95u*W1' PS='2*(0.95u+W1)' M22411 +pch L=0.35u +W='W2' m=1AD='0.95u*W2' PD='2*(0.95u+W2)' +AS='0.95u*W2' PS='2*(0.95u+W2)' M34411 +pch L=0.35u +W='W3' m=1AD='0.95u*W3' PD='2*(0.95u+W3)' +AS='0.95u*W3' PS='2*(0.95u+W3)' M44500 +nch L=0.35u +W='W4' m=1AD='0.95u*W4' PD='2*(0.95u+W4)' +AS='0.95u*W4' PS='2*(0.95u+W4)' VGS1360.7v VGS4500.7v Vin60sin(0v 0.01v 10Meg).tran0.1ns600ns.end 1 2 3 4 5 6 Vin VGS1=0.7V VGS4=0.7V

5. Experiment 11-12 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 4-1.

7. Example 4.1 DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER.PROTECT.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT VDDVDD! 0 1.5V VSSVSS! 0 -1.5V MQ12 Vi+ 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ2Vo+ Vi- 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ32 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ4Vo+ 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ53 3 VSS! VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U.OP Vin1Vi+0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k Vin2Vi-00v.PLOTACVDB(Vo+).END

9. Experiment 11-13 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 5-6. The gain is 3000.

10. Classic Two-Stage OP AMP *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT VDDVDD! 0DC 1.5V VSSVSS! 0DC -1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M11 V- 3VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M22 V+ 3VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M3VDD! 1 1VDD! PCHW=3UL=2U M4VDD! 1 2VDD! PCHW=3UL=2U M53 VB VSS!VSS! NCHW=30UL=2U M66 2 VOVDD! PCHW=4UL=3U M7VO VB2 VSS!VSS! NCHW=14UL=2U VBIAS5VB 0-0.7 VBIAS7VB2 0-0.705 ******************************************************* Rm6VDD!60 *VDS6VDD!VO0V.OP *** Transient Simulation *** Vin1V-0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k Vin2V+00v.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END

13. Experiment 11-14 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 6-20. The gain was found to be 3000.

15. Ex 6-20.protect.lib 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.unprotect.op.options nomod post VDD105V Rm2voutvout_10 Rm111_10.paramW1=10u W2=20u W3=30u W4=30u M4321_11 +pch L=1u W='W4' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W4' PD='2*(0.95u+W4)' +AS='0.95u*W4' PS='2*(0.95u+W4)' M3vout431 +pch L=0.5u W='W3' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W3' PD='2*(0.95u+W3)' +AS='0.95u*W3' PS='2*(0.95u+W3)' M2vout_1670 +nch L=0.5u W='W2' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W2' PD='2*(0.95u+W2)' +AS='0.95u*W2' PS='2*(0.95u+W2)' M17800 +nch L=1u W='W1' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W1' PD='2*(0.95u+W1)' +AS='0.95u*W1' PS='2*(0.95u+W1)' Vin90AC1.ACDEC10011000000k VG1890.817V VG2601.8V VG3403V VG4204V *.tf v(vout) vin *.tran 0.1us 600us.plotVDB(vout_1).end

17. Experiment 11-15 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 6-1. The gain was found to be 22.

18. A typical and simple common gate amplifier is shown below:

19. Example 6-1.protect.lib 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.unprotect.op.options nomod post VDD103.3V RL111100k.paramW1=5u M111230 +nch L=0.35u W='W1' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W1' PD='2*(0.95u+W1)' +AS='0.95u*W1' PS='2*(0.95u+W1)' VG200.65v Vin130AC1.ACDEC100110000000k.PLOTACVDB(11).END

21. Experiment 11-16 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 6-27.

22. The gain is about 817k.

23. Ex 6-20.protect.lib 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.unprotect.op.options nomod post VDD105V Rm2voutvout_10 Rm111_10.paramW1=10u W2=20u W3=30u W4=30u M4321_11 +pch L=1u W='W4' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W4' PD='2*(0.95u+W4)' +AS='0.95u*W4' PS='2*(0.95u+W4)' M3vout431 +pch L=0.5u W='W3' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W3' PD='2*(0.95u+W3)' +AS='0.95u*W3' PS='2*(0.95u+W3)' M2vout_1670 +nch L=0.5u W='W2' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W2' PD='2*(0.95u+W2)' +AS='0.95u*W2' PS='2*(0.95u+W2)' M17800 +nch L=1u W='W1' m=1 +AD='0.95u*W1' PD='2*(0.95u+W1)' +AS='0.95u*W1' PS='2*(0.95u+W1)' Vin90AC1.ACDEC10011000000k VG1890.817V VG2601.8V VG3403V VG4204V *.tf v(vout) vin *.tran 0.1us 600us.plotVDB(vout_1).end

25. Experiment 11-17 We test the Open Loop Gain of a CMOS amplifier of Example 8-1. The gain is found to be 42000.

26. A High Gain Differential Amplifier M1=(10u/2u)*3 M2=(10u/2u)*3 M3 =(100u/2u)*7 M4 =(10u/2u)* M5 =(10u/2u)* M6 =(10u/2u)* M7 =(10u/2u)* M8 =(10u/2u)*3 M9 =(10u/2u)*3 M10 =(10u/2u)*3 M11 =(10u/2u)*3

27. Test 1 *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 01.5V VSSVSS! 0-1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M15 Vi+ 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M24 Vi- 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M36 VB3 VDD!VDD! PCHW=100UL=2U m=7 M45 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M54 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M63 VB67 5VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M7Vo+ VB67 4VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M83 3 11 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M9Vo+ 3 22 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M101 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M112 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 VBIAS3VB300.75v VBIAS45VB450-0.737v VBIAS67VB6700v Vin1Vi-0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k Vin2Vi+00v.PLOTACVDB(Vo+).END

29. Experiment 11-18 We test the Open Loop Gain of a Inverting Integrator of Example 8-8.

31. OP AMP *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op vdd vdd! 0 1.5v vss vss! 0 -1.5v.global vdd! vss! ******************************************************* m1 5 v+ 6 6 pch w=10u l=2u m=3 m2 4 v- 6 6 pch w=10u l=2u m=3 m3 6 vb3 vdd! vdd! pch w=100u l=2u m=7 m4 5 vb45 vss! vss! nch w=10u l=2u m5 4 vb45 vss! vss! nch w=10u l=2u m6 3 vb67 5 vss! nch w=10u l=2u m7 vo vb67 4 vss! nch w=10u l=2u m8 3 3 1 1 pch w=10u l=2u m=3 m9 vo 3 2 2 pch w=10u l=2u m=3 m10 1 1 vdd! vdd! pch w=10u l=2u m=3 m11 2 1 vdd! vdd! pch w=10u l=2u m=3 vbias3 vb3 0 0.75v vbias45 vb45 0 -0.737v vbias67 vb67 0 0v ******************************************************* *cload vo 0 10p c2vov-0.7n R1vinv-10k *** transient simulation *** Vin1vin0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k Vin2Vi+00v.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END

33. Negative Feedback on Bandwidth

34. Experiment 11-19 R i =3.3kΩ, R f =220kΩ

35. We use the high gain amplifier whose gain is 817k. The ckt of this amplifier is as follows:

36. Open loop open loop test.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 0 3.3V VSSVSS! 0 0.025V M11 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M22 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M33 3 1 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M44 3 2 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M53 VB5 5 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M64 VB6 6 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M75 Vi- 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M86 Vi+ 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M97 VB9 VSS! VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M10Vo 4 VDD! VDD!PCHW=150U L=2U M11Vo VB11 VSS! VSS!NCHW=50U L=2U VBIAS5VB501.9V VBIAS6VB601.9V VBIAS9VB900.6V VBIAS1 VB11 0 1.75V VBVi-01.65v Vin1110AC1.ACDEC1001100000k Vin2Vi+111.65v *Ri1203.3k *Rf12Vo220k.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END

37. f c(ol) =1.3kHz and open loop gain is 100dB.

39. f c(cl) =100kHz

40. Close loop close loop test.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 0 3.3V VSSVSS! 0 0.025V M11 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M22 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M33 3 1 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M44 3 2 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M53 VB5 5 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M64 VB6 6 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M75 Vi- 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M86 Vi+ 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M97 VB9 VSS! VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M10Vo 4 VDD! VDD!PCHW=150U L=2U M11Vo VB11 VSS! VSS!NCHW=50U L=2U VBIAS5VB501.9V VBIAS6VB601.9V VBIAS9VB900.6V VBIAS1 VB11 0 1.75V VBVi-121.65v Vin1110AC1.ACDEC1001100000k Vin2Vi+111.65v Ri1203.3k Rf12Vo220k.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END

42. Experiment 11-20 R i =3.3kΩ, R f =220kΩ

43. We use the high gain amplifier whose gain is 42k. The ckt of this amplifier is as follows: M1=(10u/2u)*3 M2=(10u/2u)*3 M3 =(100u/2u)*7 M4 =(10u/2u)* M5 =(10u/2u)* M6 =(10u/2u)* M7 =(10u/2u)* M8 =(10u/2u)*3 M9 =(10u/2u)*3 M10 =(10u/2u)*3 M11 =(10u/2u)*3

44. f c(ol) =25kHz.

45. Open loop open loop *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 01.5V VSSVSS! 0-1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M15 Vi+ 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M24 Vi- 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M36 VB3 VDD!VDD! PCHW=100UL=2U m=7 M45 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M54 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M63 VB67 5VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M7VO VB67 4VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M83 3 11 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M9VO 3 22 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M101 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M112 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 VBIAS3VB300.75v VBIAS45VB450-0.737v VBIAS67VB6700v Vin1Vi+0AC1.ACDEC1001500000k Vin2Vi-00v *RiVi-03.3k *RfVi-Vo220k.PLOT AC VDB(Vo).END

47. f c(cl) =30MHz.

48. Close loop close loop *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 01.5V VSSVSS! 0-1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M15 Vi+ 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M24 Vi- 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M36 VB3 VDD!VDD! PCHW=100UL=2U m=7 M45 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M54 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M63 VB67 5VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M7VO VB67 4VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M83 3 11 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M9VO 3 22 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M101 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M112 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 VBIAS3VB300.75v VBIAS45VB450-0.737v VBIAS67VB6700v Vin1Vi+0AC1.ACDEC1001500000k RiVi-03.3k RfVi-Vo220k.PLOT AC VDB(Vo).END

50. Experiment 11-21 R i =1k Ω, R f =47kΩ

51. We use the high gain amplifier whose gain is 42k. The ckt of this amplifier is as follows: M1=(10u/2u)*3 M2=(10u/2u)*3 M3 =(100u/2u)*7 M4 =(10u/2u)* M5 =(10u/2u)* M6 =(10u/2u)* M7 =(10u/2u)* M8 =(10u/2u)*3 M9 =(10u/2u)*3 M10 =(10u/2u)*3 M11 =(10u/2u)*3

52. f c(ol) =25kHz.

53. Open loop open loop *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 01.5V VSSVSS! 0-1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M15 Vi+ 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M24 Vi- 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M36 VB3 VDD!VDD! PCHW=100UL=2U m=7 M45 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M54 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M63 VB67 5VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M7VO VB67 4VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M83 3 11 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M9VO 3 22 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M101 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M112 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 VBIAS3VB300.75v VBIAS45VB450-0.737v VBIAS67VB6700v Vin1Vi-0AC1.ACDEC1001500000k Vin2Vi+00v *RiVi-111k *RfVi-Vo47k.PLOT AC VDB(Vo).END

55. f c(cl) =25MHz.

56. Close loop close loop *********************************.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB 'c:\mm0355v.l' TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 01.5V VSSVSS! 0-1.5V.GLOBAL VDD! VSS! ******************************************************* M15 Vi+ 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M24 Vi- 66 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M36 VB3 VDD!VDD! PCHW=100UL=2U m=7 M45 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M54 VB45 VSS!VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M63 VB67 5VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M7VO VB67 4VSS! NCHW=10UL=2U M83 3 11 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M9VO 3 22 PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M101 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 M112 1 VDD!VDD! PCHW=10UL=2U m=3 VBIAS3VB300.75v VBIAS45VB450-0.737v VBIAS67VB6700v Vin1110AC1.ACDEC1001500000k Vin2Vi+00v RiVi-111k RfVi-Vo47k.PLOT AC VDB(Vo).END

58. Experiment 11-22 R i =3.3kΩ, R f =220kΩ

59. The ckt of this amplifier is as follows:

60. f c(ol) =10MHz.

61. Open loop Example 4.1 DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER.PROTECT.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT VDDVDD! 0 1.5V VSSVSS! 0 -1.5V MQ12 Vi+ 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ2Vo+ Vi- 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ32 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ4Vo+ 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ53 3 VSS! VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U.OP Vin1Vi+0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k Vin2Vi-00v *RiVi-03.3k *RfVi-Vo+220k.PLOTACVDB(Vo+).END

63. f c(cl) =55MHz.

64. Close loop Example 4.1 DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER.PROTECT.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT VDDVDD! 0 1.5V VSSVSS! 0 -1.5V MQ12 Vi+ 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ2Vo+ Vi- 3 VSS! NCHW=10U L=2U MQ32 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ4Vo+ 2 VDD! VDD! PCHW=7U L=2U MQ53 3 VSS! VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U.OP Vin1Vi+0AC1.ACDEC100110000000k *Vin2Vi-100v RiVi-03.3k RfVi-Vo+220k.PLOTACVDB(Vo+).END

66. Experiment 11-23 R i =1k Ω, R f =47kΩ

67. We use the high gain amplifier whose gain is 817k. The ckt of this amplifier is as follows:

68. f c(ol) =500Hz.

69. Open loop open loop.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 0 3.3V VSSVSS! 0 0.07V M11 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M22 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M33 3 1 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M44 3 2 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M53 VB5 5 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M64 VB6 6 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M75 Vi- 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M86 Vi+ 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M97 VB9 VSS! VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M10Vo 4 VDD! VDD!PCHW=150U L=2U M11Vo VB11 VSS! VSS!NCHW=50U L=2U VBIAS5VB501.9V VBIAS6VB601.9V VBIAS9VB900.6V VBIAS1 VB11 0 1.75V VBVi-111.65v Vin1110AC1.ACDEC100110000k Vin2Vi+01.65v *Ri11121k *Rf11Vo47k.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END

71. f c(cl) =70kHz.

72. Close loop close loop.PROTECT.OPTION POST.LIB "C:\mm0355v.l" TT.UNPROTECT.op VDDVDD! 0 3.3V VSSVSS! 0 0.07V M11 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M22 1 VDD! VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M33 3 1 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M44 3 2 VDD! PCHW=50U L=2U M53 VB5 5 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M64 VB6 6 VSS! NCHW=100U L=2U M75 Vi- 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M86 Vi+ 7 VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M97 VB9 VSS! VSS!NCHW=100U L=2U M10Vo 4 VDD! VDD!PCHW=150U L=2U M11Vo VB11 VSS! VSS!NCHW=50U L=2U VBIAS5VB501.9V VBIAS6VB601.9V VBIAS9VB900.6V VBIAS1 VB11 0 1.75V VBVi-111.65v Vin1120AC1.ACDEC100110000k Vin2Vi+01.65v Ri11121k Rf11Vo47k.PLOTACVDB(Vo).END