1. D ESIGNING MOBILE INTERFACES FOR NOVICE AND LOW - LITERACY USERS Chandler Sauers

2. M OBILE DEVICES ARE USED OUTSIDE OF FIRST WORLD COUNTRIES

3. I LLITERATE USERS VS ATM MACHINE

4. T EXT ONLY UI

5. R ESULTS 0 out of 20 people succeeded. The users who couldn’t read were unable to read the menu. Users who could read were unable to put context to the words. No one was surprised.

6. V OICE ONLY INTERFACE Tech support style voice commands and prompts. The testing environment was “wizard-of-Oz” style, as to avoid any voice recognition problems. The experimenter would play back recorded files over the phone.

7. R ESULTS 13 out of 18 users succeeded 72% Average completion rate: 5.2 minutes.

8. G RAPHICAL UI Menu based design. Voice instructions played on each screen Includes a tutorial video at the start. Tutorial video explained basics of banking.

9. R ESULTS 20 out of 20 users succeeded 100% Average completion rate: 13 minutes.

10. I NTERESTING FACTS There was a gender impact on the results. 6/10 females and 7/8 males succeeded using the voice UI. Female test subjects took twice as long to complete the test. Both were concluded to be statistically significant. No difference with the graphical UI

11. M ORE FACTS Users were faster and were more independent using the voice UI. Using the graphical interface caused initial anxiety for novice users. The UI felt more like a conversation. Some users already had experience with voice UIs. Some users thought the voice UI was a real person. Users said that the graphic UI helped them picture banking better.

12. D ESIGN TIPS Provide graphical cues Provide voice annotation support Avoid nonnumeric text input Avoid scrolling Minimize soft-key mappings

13. S OURCE http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1960000/1959024/ p1- Medhi.pdf?ip=128.194.3.130&id=1959024&acc=A CTIVE%20SERVICE&key=B63ACEF81C6334F5 %2E79B51EFA2DE92FE8%2E4D4702B0C3E38 B35%2E4D4702B0C3E38B35&CFID=589977779 &CFTOKEN=92630858&__acm__=1414262974_8 c47bca0d8138f50c21d976ae4e3eef5