1. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20081 Detection of Aircraft Using Passive Radar Ali Athar Luis Cardona Thomas King Varun Prasad Rahul Sanon Blake Stewart Misam Taherbhai Sections: L01, L02, & L03 Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical & Computer Engineering Project Advisor: Prof. Aaron Lanterman

2. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20082 Overview Covert detection of airborne objects System advantages – System is concealed – No transmitter required – No frequency allocation – Low power requirements System Users – Air Traffic Controllers – Military Total system cost: $96,932 Airplane Transmitter Receiver

3. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20083 Design Objectives Detecting airplane at range of 15-20 miles Capturing reflected FM radio signals that have bounced off the airplane Data processing – Filtering desired frequencies – Amplifying as well as digitizing them – Computing the signals with software Laying the foundation for further analysis

4. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20084 RF Front End Figure taken from: A. Lanterman, “DURIP: Integrated Sensing and Computation for Passive Covert Radar, Signals Intelligence, and Other Applications Driven by Moore’s Law”

5. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20085 Atlanta Area Transmitters

6. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20086 99.7MHz FM (100kW)

7. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20087 Periodic Antennas KMA4113 Log Periodic Antenna Antenna positioning

8. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20088 D103J Discone Antenna Discone Antenna Frequency (Hz) Spectrum Analysis Amplitude (dB)

9. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 20089 Antenna Specifications D130J Discone Diamond Antennas Omnidirectional Unity gain of 2dbi Exploration of beamforming techniques same as Lockheed Martin’s Silent Sentry 3 system KMA 4113 Allow exploration of systems such as Paul Howlands demo system at NATO and Prof. Sahr’s (UW) Manastash Ridge radar One pointed to get reflected path signal One copies the signal from exploited transmitter

10. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200810 Frequency Ranges Antennas Split TV 50 – 950 MHz FM 88 – 108 MHz UHF 300 – 3K MHz

11. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200811 Gain Control Stage Maximize number of bits for A/D Use 8-bit programmable attenuators Attenuation range: 0 – 16.5 dB (0.1+0.2+0.4+0.8+1+2+4+8 = 16.5) SMA Logic Adapter for TTL signals from I/O board

12. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200812 Power Source Acopian power supply for 15V 12 Volt power supply for 12V

13. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200813 Equipment to be Powered Preamplifiers require 15V Oscillators require 12V Attenuators require 12V

14. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200814 Project Demonstration Acquiring and analyzing data – Antennas – Filters – Attenuators and Amplifiers – Spectrum Analyzer Ability to control equipment Presence of strong carrier and Doppler shifted tracks in data Cross correlation with Doppler data

15. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200815 Current Status & Issues Antennas – Two 12ft log-periodic constructed – One discone antenna assembled – Mounting logistics to be figured out Filters and Gain control – Map I/O channels with TTL pins – Determine the optimal filter configuration – Organize equipment for interchangeability Lack of reliable drivers for A/D conversion

16. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200816 Completed Design Aspects Legend Completed Data Acquisition Post Data Acquisition Figure taken from: A. Lanterman, “DURIP: Integrated Sensing and Computation for Passive Covert Radar, Signals Intelligence, and Other Applications Driven by Moore’s Law”

17. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200817 Project Schedule Assembled discone antennaOct 01 Assembled Log-periodic AntennasOct 18 Mapped channel lines to TTL inputOct 21 Connect log-periodic with filter and ampsNov 01 Operation of one attenuatorNov 08 Mount antennas and pass cable Nov 10 Reading data acquired by cardsDec 08 Reliably detect aircraftDec 12

18. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200818 Budget and Cost Analysis

19. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200819 Summary Status – Antennas – Power – Attenuation and A/D conversion – Software scripts Great platform – Flexibility – Research usage

20. October 10, 2015ECE4007 L01, 02, & 03 Fall 200820 Questions?