1. Feedback Dynamics and Feedback Loop Dr. Manish Semwal GMIS

2. System A system is a set of dynamic, interacting elements, organized for a process of achievement.

3. Closed System A closed system is one that is isolated from its environment. This kind of system uses its own internal reserve of potential energy, and as reactions take place, entropy rises irreversibly to a maximum. Thermodynamic equilibrium is reached, and the system can no longer produce work.

4. Open System An open system is one in permanent interaction with its environment, with which it exchanges energy, matter and information. Because of the energy flow through the system and the dumping of “ used ” energy into the environment, its entropy is maintained at a relatively low level. This system is capable of performing work.

5. Feedback feedback is a process whereby some proportion or in general, function, of the output signal of a system is passed (fed back) to the input. Often this is done intentionally, in order to control the dynamic behaviour of the system. Feedback is observed or used in various areas dealing with complex systems,

6. Feedback Loop the complete causal path that leads from the initial detection of the gap to the subsequent modification of the gap. Feedback Loops can enhance or buffer changes that occur in a system.

7. Positive Feedback Positive feedback loop = instead of stabilizing a system, it drives it further toward one extreme or another – Exponential growth in human population, erosion, melting sea ice Rare in nature – But is common in natural systems altered by humans

8. Positive Feedback

9. Example of Positive Feedback

10. Positive Feedback

12. Negative Feedback Negative feedback loops represent control and stability, the establishment of equilibrium and self-maintenance.

13. Example of Negative Feedback

14. Example

15. Is this Negative feedback loop

16. Simple Negative feedback loop

17. A thermostat is a device for regulating the temperature of a system so that the system's temperature is maintained near a desired setpoint temperature. Room temp is below the setpoint Room temp is above the setpoint Room temp increases Room temp decreases Set point is reached Set point is reached

18. Common Example

19. Time Lag The term time lag effect refers to the delay between the time of an intervention or exposure onset, such as the date on which a person begins smoking cigarettes, and the subsequent development of a health outcome, such as the diagnosis of lung cancer.

20. Think Beyond!!!

21. Bibliography ESS Guide Book www.google.com http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi www.trafficforum.ethz.ch/budapest/ppt/SandersB udapest.ppt www.trafficforum.ethz.ch/budapest/ppt/SandersB udapest.ppt http://searchfiletype.com/3-System-Feedback-loop- fs218915.html http://searchfiletype.com/3-System-Feedback-loop- fs218915.html