1. Research Projects at Rits Ubiquitous Computing in the Streets: Through Vending Machine Network to N-1 Network Simulation Nobuhiko Nishio Department of Computer Science, Ritsumeikan University

2. Outline Ubiquitous Computing & Communication Laboratory Personnel Related Projects Future Focus

3. UCCL and Related Projects Ubiquitous Computing and Communication –United Spaces Ubiquitous service architecture Location information service –Improvised Network Vending Machine Networking N-1 Network Simulation

4. Personnel Post-Doctoral –Gaute Lambertsen: Improvised Network Ph.D. student –Eiji Takimoto: N-1 Network Simulation M.S Student –Kazuhiro Suzuki Undergraduate Students –Minoru Matsui: United Spaces –Tomoaki Moriyama: United Spaces

5. United Spaces Project Nobuhiko Nishio Department of Computer Science, Ritsumeikan Univeristy

6. Software Architecture for Smart Spaces (Yet another…) Collaboration with Uchida Inc. (Furniture company) Software for SmartPAO and mobile host: –SmartLaboratory –SmartMeeting –SmartPresentation

7. Key issues is Space Management Key chain obtained by space login Operations on multiple spaces –Connection: between remote spaces –Fusion: between local spaces –Multi-space login Secure service proxy –Dynamic GUI generation with expiration

8. Building Applications Robust to Node-Mobility in Downtown Improvised Sensor Networks Eiji Takimoto 1,2 Gaute Lambertsen 1 and Nobuhiko Nishio 1,2 1 Japan Science and Technology Agency 2 Ritsumeikan University

9. Sensor Networks Improvised Among Downtown Users A spontaneous realization of ad-hoc network of wireless sensor nodes. Sensor nodes are people carrying mobile devices –e.g. cell-phones or PDA equipped with short-range wireless communication –Or cars equipped with wireless communication devices Our research project aims: –To effectively run third party applications unnoticed by node owner. –Applications like advertisement delivery, personal navigation and outdoor game entertainment etc.

10. Vending Machine Networking Coca Cola, KEPCO, etc. Fiber networking vending machines –Landmark and sink-node Cooperation with mobile nodes Novel services and applications: –Navigation/tour guidance –Security surveillance –Local traffic information casting –Etc.

11. Hybrid Network with Vending Machine Network and MANET Fiber Network Infrastructure

12. : Traveling Node : Next Landmark Node : Current Neighbor Node : Other Mobile Node One Navigation Step : Previous Landmark Node Hot-zone cluster Qualified paths

13. N-1 Network Simulation: A Mixed- Reality Approach for Wireless Ad-hoc Network Performance Evaluation Nobuhiko Nishio nishio@cs.ritsumei.ac.jpnishio@cs.ritsumei.ac.jp Eiji Takimoto takimoto@sol.cs.ritsumei.ac.jptakimoto@sol.cs.ritsumei.ac.jp Gaute Lambertsen gaute@jotu.cs.ritsumei.ac.jpgaute@jotu.cs.ritsumei.ac.jp Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO 21: Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Computer Science 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu-shi, Shiga 525-8577, Japan Tel. +81-77-566-1111 (Ext. 7466), Fax. +81-77-561-2669

14. N-1 Network Simulation: Representation of a real node in a virtual world REPRESENTATION OF REAL NODE SIMULATED OBJECTS

15. Evaluation of ideas Moving from simulations to experiments –So far, evaluation by network simulators –However, real node evaluation is also important Difficulties in managing experiments –All nodes are mobile –A large number of mobile nodes –Experimentation environment –Inference with other networks We are constructing a test-bed using real nodes in a practical fashion

16. N-1 Network Simulation N-1 nodes are implemented in the simulation (virtual nodes) 1 node is implemented on an actual node Packets from virtual nodes to the real node –Spoofed by the simulator host and transmitted over the wireless interface Packets from the real node to the virtual nodes –The simulator host retrieves all packets, and transmits it to the nodes in the simulation with virtual packets

17. N-1 Network Simulation Real world Simulated world Virtual packet Real packet from simulated world Simulator host Real mobile host Correspondent host Virtual packet into real world Virtual packet from real world Real packet into simulated world

18. N-1 implemented over ns-2 platform Network simulator 2 (ns-2) emulation functionality –Real-time scheduler –Packets retrieved by Tap object –Packets transmitted by Network agent Wireless network extensions –Examination of packet arrival –Support for node mobility Input of node mobility Reflection of node mobility in the simulation –Reflection of radio signal strength

19. Simulator host, IP: 10.10.10.100, MAC: PCMAC… Actual node IP: 10.10.10.10 MAC: … Virtual reflection Simulator node 2 Simulator node 1 ID1 IP: 10.10.10.1 ID2 IP: 10.10.10.2 Zaurus PCMAC: SimIP ID:ID(MAC) --------------- :ID(MAC) Ad-hoc wireless interface

20. Simulator host, IP: 10.10.10.100, MAC: PCMAC… Actual node IP: 10.10.10.10 MAC: … Virtual reflection Simulator node 2 Simulator node 1 ID1 IP: 10.10.10.1 ID2 IP: 10.10.10.2 Zaurus PCMAC: SimIP ID:ID(MAC) --------------- :ID(MAC) Ping Reply Ad-hoc wireless interface

21. Simulator host, IP: 10.10.10.100, MAC: PCMAC… Actual node IP: 10.10.10.10 MAC: … Virtual reflection Simulator node 2 Simulator node 1 ID1 IP: 10.10.10.1 ID2 IP: 10.10.10.2 Zaurus PCMAC: SimIP ID:ID(MAC) --------------- :ID(MAC) Ad-hoc wireless interface Reply Create header (ether, ID, ICMP) Retrieve and analyze packets for ID1 and ID2 ARP request ARP response Ping

22. Future work Static -> Mobile virtual nodes –Simulation nodes move –Reflection of variations in signal strength inside the simulator Mobility support for the real node –Simulated mobility through the user interface Additional wireless signal interfaces Virtual mobility reflected by changes in received signal strength Simulator platform Real node Wireless interfaces Variation in distance/signal strength over wireless link

23. Demo@MobiCom2003

24. Future Focus Inter-Ubiquitous Networking –Operations on multiple Smart Spaces –Connection, fusion, extraction, etc… Enter into a space A wearing the other space B TV conference by connecting multiple spaces –Heterogeneous policy resolution User authentication Media/Service description Communication hand-off