1. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 Super critical and oxy-combustion for coal power generation – demonstration projects Wojciech Nowak, Czestochowa University of Technology, speaker Tadeusz Chmielniak, Andrzej Ziębik – Silesian University of Technology Roman Walkowiak – BOT Elektrownia Turow S.A

2. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 MOTIVATION  Reliance on coal is a critical factor that forces Europe towards efficient and clean combustion technologies,  For countries like Poland, that have no other choice but coal, development of a more efficient fossil fuel power plant technology is currently the only economically viable option to reduce the quantities of CO 2,  Lignite constitutes about ¼ of Poland’s fossil fuel resources and is the least expensive energy source.  Once-through CFB supercritical boiler appears to be one of the best solutions for lignite.

3. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 Supercritical CFB Boiler is a Promising Perspective Towards CO 2 Abatement (280 bar/600°C/620°C, lignite) General objectives for collaborative action:  move forward from the existing CFB technology to supercritical once-through advanced boilers,  build a demonstration unit 450 MWel (280 bar/600°C/620°C, lignite),  operate and test the unit in order to make this technology a commercially viable option for Europe, especially in countries with substantial lignite deposits,  integration of biofuel technologies. OBJECTIVE

4. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 TUROW AND PARTNERS - VALUBLE ASSET FOR ZERO EMISSION FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANT TECHNOLOGY  COMPLETE MODERNIZATION OF SIX POWER UNITS (Turow is now the biggest power plant in CFB technology based on lignite),  UNIQUE OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE,  ACIVE PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN RESEARCH PROJECTS (CFB Combustors – Processes in large-scale circulating fluidized bed combustors, UPSWING – Unification of power plant and solid waste incineration, FBCOBIOW – Safe co-combustion of biomass and biowaste in FB plants),  PRESTIGOUS AWARDS IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION. EXPERIENCE

5. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY FOR A DEMONSTRATON PROJECT  There is enough lignite in a near-by coal mine for another power unit (both companies belong to the same capital group „BOT Gornictwo i Energetyka” – the biggest power supplier in Poland),  Construction of a new power unit is the main strategic goal of Turow power plant,  The company has developed organizational capacity to run big investment projects,  Turow would be one of the best reference sites for clean coal technologies, not only for the new member countries. Poland, like many other states in Europe, has to rely on coal,  Commissioning and test runs of a new power unit are foreseen around 2012,  Knowledge gained from the project will be a valuable input on a European scale for new fully commercial applications of even more efficient units, supposedly with oxy-fuel and CO 2 capture technologies.

6. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 COLLABORATIVE ACTION FOR AN ADVANCED CFB UNIT DEMONSTRATION PROJECT IN TUROW  The project is supposed to be run by leading industrial and scientific organizations in the European power sector: Foster Wheeler Energia Oy, Siemens, VTT Process, BOT GiE, BOT Elektrownia Turow S.A., Instytut Energetyki, Politechnika Częstochowska, Politechnika Śląska, Energoprojekt Katowice, open call for another partners. POTENTIAL PARTNERS

7. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 CONVENTIONAL COMBUSTION OXYGEN-ENRICHED COMBUSTION air coal flue gas ~15% CO 2 flue gas ~98% CO 2 coal air or CO 2 air Oxygen-Enriched Combustion: the process where the oxygen concentration in the inlet gas mixture (O 2 +N 2, O 2 +N 2 +CO 2, O 2 +CO 2 ) exceeds 21%; Results: higher concentration of CO 2 in the flue gas. Circulating Fluidized Bed Oxy-Combustion for CO 2 Abatement – demonstration project

8. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 MOTIVATION

9. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 CFB power plant working with O2 instead of air is a more viable option, particularly in comparison with PC systems for CO2 capture due to the recirculation of solids which could be cooled down before their return to the bed and consequently the control of the temperature could be achieved more effectively PC and CFB boilers with flue gas recirculation Mainly for PCs Problems: SO 2, NO X, PM, etc. CFB boilers with higher recirculation of solids CFB – to avoid problems in PCs Problems: erosion Fly ash Flue gas with high CO 2 level Fly ash Flue gas with high CO 2 level Flue gas recirculation Recirculation of solids OBJECTIVE

10. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 To better integrate the processes, thereby reducing overall energy consumption and investment costs To establish a 50 MWe CFB Oxy-Combustion demonstration plants To modernise excisiting PC power plants More specifically: The CFB boiler has to be developed and optimised for this concept Combustion chemistry and kinetics to provide design and scale-up data Verification of developed flue gas cleaning equipment Material selection for new flue gas environment The long term operational properties at large scale, such as slagging, fouling and corrosion Finding new integration possibilities within power plants, especially if a new type of ASU is developed Oxy-fuel combustion, performance and design basis Heat transfer and temperature profiles Effects on bed material, particle size distribution Performance vs. criteria in integrated system Sulphur – absorption mechanisms and rates in O 2 /CO 2 environment NOx, CO 2 and other emissions Scientific and Technical Approach

11. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 Process integration CFB STEAM CYCLE CO 2 sequestration possible conceptions:  chemical absorption  physical absorption  membrane techniques  cryogenic separation ASU INTEGRATION

12. Innovative Silesian Cluster for Clean Coal Technologies FUTURE EU ENERGY MIX– WILL COAL PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE ? Gliwice, 29th of May 2006 POTENTIAL PARTNERS BOT Elektrownia TurowPoland Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg Germany Foster Wheeler Energia OY Finland Instituto Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial - INETI Portugal Czestochowa University of Technology Silesian University of Technology Poland VTT ProcessFinland Universitá degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" Italy

13. Roadmap/OxyCFB development Foster Wheeler OXYCFB Concept -Design 500 MWe PHASE 1: OXYCFB Process study OXYCFB power plant Cost study Market study 2004 Private R&D Demo 2 OXYCFB OTU Unit -250 MWe OXYCFB Demo 1 -20 – 50 MWe -O2 (21 – 35 %) 20062008201020122014 R&D in consortiums EU Consortium Demo 2 EU Consort. Demo 1