1. Corruption in Russia  Fall Semester, 2006 Dept. Of Russian Studies Gyeongsang National University

2. Subjects: Measuring corruption Cases:Russia Introduction

3. Transparency International International NGO fighting corruption Mainstreaming of corruption as an international issue National chapters Indexes, conferences (e.g. IACC), research etc. Measuring corruption

4. Corruption Perception Index (CPI): Based on up to 13 other indexes Shows only perception of corruption Statistical average Number of countries growing each year Most cited corruption index Politically very important (World Bank etc.) Annually since 1995 (from 41 to 159 countries)

5. Measuring corruption Score Rank Statistical data

6. Measuring corruption

7. CPI:2002 200320042005 Russia:2.72.72.82.4 71st86th90th126th Trends: Rich countries – low corruption Former Soviet Union – high corruption

8. Measuring corruption Bribe Payers’ Index (BPI) (only 2002) Measures a country’s exporters’ bribe- paying abroad

9. Measuring corruption CPI and BPI (Corruption in-country and abroad) Most corrupt Corruption in country Corrupt exporters

10. Case: Russia Basic facts:  Very low CPI score: 2,4 (126th)  ~30 bn $ a year  Everywhere: Traffic police, politicians, state administration, universities, courts, hospitals, army (new entry!)  Changed nature since USSR and from Yeltsin to Putin

11. Case: Russia Typology: Type: Forced – all officials free to demand bribes and offer corrupt services Organisation: Decentralised – chaotic; no central control with collection of bribes Networks: Active corruption occurs mostly in closed networks, which are opening up