1. Development Environment and Tizen v2.3 Platform Build

2. Contents Tizen v2.3 Development Environment
Tizen v2.3 Development Overview
Installation
Tizen Source Code Management
Building a Tizen v2.3 Platform Project
Making Tizen v2.3 Platform Image

3. 1. Tizen v2.3 Development Environment
Tizen v2.3 Development Overview
Installation
Tizen v2.3 Source Code Management

4. Tizen v2.3 Development Overview (1/2)
Hundreds of 'Open Source' Projects
Source code repository
Each project has its source code repository.
Developers can clone, edit and build its source code.
Git: source code management tool

5. Tizen v2.3 Development Overview (2/2)
Centralized Source Code Management
Tizen source code is reviewed and submitted on centralized review server.
GBS(Git Build System): a tool for centralized source code management
All the repositories are managed on Tizen servers; Gerrit and OBS.

6. Tizen v2.3 Development Workflow (1/3)
From local coding to final release

7. Tizen v2.3 Development Workflow (2/3)
Local works by Developers
It will be covered in “Section 1-C. Tizen Source Code Management”.
Setting up Tizen development environment
Cloning the source code
Changing and verifying local source code through local build
Submit & Review
Submission: Developer submits patches to review server for stakeholders to review
Verification: Tizen backend service and reviewers verify the patches through testing process and then vote based on the quality of the patches.
Approval and Merge: Maintainers approve the patches and then merge code changes to the review server’s repository.

8. Tizen v2.3 Development Workflow (3/3)
Release
Tizen backend service activates pre-release and normal release processes at the same time.
Submission on OBS: Maintainers/Developers submit packages to the OBS by using gbs submit command.
Pre-release: Tizen images that incorporates specific packages are created and submitted to release engineers to review.
Final review: Release engineers accept or reject submissions based on the quality of the packages. Accepted source code is merged into the OBS repository.
Release: the normal release process takes over and publishes repos together with Tizen images.

9. SCM Tools (1/3): Git A revision control and source management tool
Features
Free and open source(GNU GPL v2)
Smaller and faster than other SCM tools
Distributed
Branching and merging
Data assurance
Staging area
Git in Tizen
All source code repositories of Tizen packages are managed by git.

10. SCM Tools (2/3): Repo Repository management tool built on top of Git
Originally used in Android project
Used for managing many git repositories
Automate parts of development workflow
Repo in Tizen
Tizen platform is composed of the hundreds of projects.
Each projects are managed as a git repository.
Repo is used for managing Tizen platform repositories in batched manner.
ex. Cloning git repositories of entire Tizen platform packages

11. SCM Tools (3/3): GBS Git Build System
A developer command line tool that supports Tizen package development
Functions
Builds a repository or repositories and make package files(*.rpm)
Generates tarballs based on Git repositories
Does local test buildings
Submits source code to OBS(Tizen’s main build service)

12. Centralized SCM System
Gerrit (review.tizen.org)
A Web-based code review system
OBS(Open Build System; build.tizen.org)
A distributed development platform that makes developers to easily release open source software for various Linux distributions on different hardware architectures.

13. Packaging Tools: RPM and MIC
RPM(Red Hat Package Manager)
A tool to manage software packages
build, install, query, verify, update and erase software packages
RPM in Tizen
Each Tizen platform package is represented in *.rpm form and managed by RPM.
MIC(Moblin Image Creator)
A tool to create platform images to be flashed on target device’s storage
Requires:
Tizen platform packages (*.rpm)
Kickstart file: it defines how to make image of target device
Output: platform images(system.img, userdata.img, ums.img)

14. 1. Tizen v2.3 Development Environment
Tizen v2.3 Development Overview
Installation
Tizen v2.3 Source Code Management

15. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (1/10)
We will cover an environment based on Ubuntu.
Git: Install and Configuration
Install a git package.
$ sudo apt-get install git
Configure user information of git.
This information will be used for committer information.
$ git config --global user.name “Your name”
$ git config --global user.
ex.
$ git config --global user.name “Gyeonghwan Hong”
$ git config --global user.

16. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (2/10)
Repo: Install and Configuration
Download repo.
$ sudo apt-get install curl
$ mkdir -p ~/bin
$ curl > ~/bin/repo
$ chmod +x ~/bin/repo
Add repo’s path to the basic path list.
Edit ~/.bashrc
$ gedit ~/.bashrc
After adding below code to the last line, restart your shell.
PATH=~/bin:${PATH}
~/.bashrc

17. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (3/10)
GBS, MIC: Install
Add Tizen development tool repository to APT repository list.
$ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
Add below code
Check your Ubuntu version.
$ cat /etc/issue
deb 
/etc/apt/sources.list
$ sudo apt-get update
Install packages of GBS, MIC.
$ sudo apt-get install gbs mic

18. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (4/10)
You should have an access right to review server for accessing Tizen source code.
Register a Tizen developer ID
Go to developer.tizen.org/ko.
You can log in Tizen review server (review.tizen.org).

19. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (5/10)
Review Server: Configuration
$ gedit ~/.ssh/config
Enter your Gerrit ID.
Host tizen
Hostname review.tizen.org
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
User GerritID
Port 29418
Host review.tizen.org
~/.ssh/config

20. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (6/10)
Review Server: Configuration (Cont’d)
Run “ssh-keygen” on a shell.
$ ssh-keygen
Press just enter about every question for using default values.
Finally, id_rsa, id_rsa.pub files will be created.
id_rsa: private key
id_rsa.pub: public key

21. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (7/10)
Review Server: Configuration (Cont’d)
After log in review.tizen.org, go to ‘settings’ menu.
Enter into “SSH Public Keys” menu → Press “Add Key …” button.

22. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (8/10)
Review Server: Configuration (Cont’d)
Display the contents of public key file.
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
Copy the displayed text to below text box.
Contents of ‘~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub’

23. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (9/10)
Review Server: Configuration (Cont’d)
Test ssh server connection
$ ssh tizen
$ ssh review.tizen.org
If the connection is successful, below message will be displayed.

24. Tizen v2.3 Dev. Environment Install (10/10)
Make a GBS configuration file (~/.gbs.conf)
Without this file, Tizen source code cannot be built.
$ gedit ~/.gbs.conf
Check whether repo.tizen2.3 is vaild or not. Repository’s URL can be changed if new version of Tizen is released.
[general]
tmpdir=/var/tmp/
profile=profile.tizen2.3
[repo.tizen2.3]
url=
[profile.tizen2.3]
repos=repo.tizen2.3

25. 1. Tizen v2.3 Development Environment
Tizen v2.3 Development Overview
Installation
Tizen v2.3 Source Code Management

26. Tizen v2.3 Local Work Flow All Process before submission
Git: manages source code versions
GBS: builds source code of git repository → makes package file(RPM)
Install package file on target board

27. Git: Key Concepts Working directory Staging area(index)
Source code in work
“add” command: adds files/directories to staging area
Staging area(index)
Source code to be committed
“commit” command: makes a new version in repository
Repository(HEAD)
Source code already committed
Files or directories are stored as content-addressable objects identifiable by hash value(SHA-1).

28. Version Management (1/2)
Add a source code, ‘hello.cpp’
Add hello.c to staging area
$ git add hello.c
Make a new version
$ git commit -m “commit message”
Add all of the source code
$ git add --all
Display staging area’s status
$ git status

29. Version Management (2/2)
Display the commit log
$ git log
Each commit’s hash value, author information, date, message
commit 783c82ff64eda9f de906eca77d01f691
Author: Gyeonghwan Hong
Date: Mon Sep 22 10:37:
2nd version commit: hello.c is added
commit bb31bf85430e1a027abe197e5b88a26110
Date: Thu Aug 28 12:08:
1st version commit: hello.h is added
Return to a previous version
$ git checkout <commit’s hash value>
ex. Return to “1st version commit” $ git checkout bb31bf85430e1a027abe197e5b88a26110

30. Local & Remote Repository (1/2)
“Commit”
Make a new version on local repository
“Push”
Upload commits in local repository to remote repository
“Pull”
Download commits in remote repository to local repository

31. Local & Remote Repository (2/2)
Upload to remote repository
$ git push <remote name> <remote branch>
ex. $ git push origin master
Download from remote repository
$ git pull <remote name> <remote branch>
ex. $ git pull origin master

32. Branch Management (1/3) Check the branch list of local repository
$ git branch --list
Check the branch list of remote repository
$ git branch --remote
* master
feature_x
Move to another branch
$ git checkout <branch name>
ex. $ git checkout feature_x
You should commit all the local change before checkout. If not, it makes an error.
If you want to checkout without making a new commit, use flag “-f”.
$ git checkout -f <branch name>

33. Branch Management (2/3) Develop a new feature by making a new branch
Make a new branch ‘feature_x’
$ git branch feature_x
Checkout to the new branch
Edit and commit source code
Merge the ‘feature_x’ branch to original branch
$ git checkout master
$ git merge feature_x

34. Branch Management (3/3) Conflict
When merging feature_y branch to master branch, ‘hello.h’ in version 2-x and 2-y have different changes each other.
This situation is called as ‘conflict’.
The conflict should be resolved by ‘conflict resolution’ process.
$ git mergetool

35. 2. Building a Tizen v2.3 Platform Project

36. Tizen v2.3 Platform Project Build Process (1/2)
Assume that Tizen v2.3 is running on target board
Example: build and install package A

37. Tizen v2.3 Platform Project Build Process (2/2)
Clone the Source Code of a Tizen Project
Download source code of a Tizen project from Tizen review server.
Build the Tizen Project
Build the source code of the project with GBS, and make package files(*.rpm).
Install the Packages
Install the package files(*.rpm) to the target board with SDB.

38. Required Files in Repository (1/2)
Tizen v2.3 project repository requires following files
Red files are required at least.
AUTHORS: Author list
LICENSE: License information
CMakeLists.txt: cmake configuration file about this directory’s build
<project-name>.manifest: SMACK manifest file
packaging
<project-name>.spec: RPM package specification file
<sub-directory 1>
CMakeLists.txt
include
Header files
src
Source code files
<sub-directory 2>, <sub-directory 3>, …

39. Required Files in Repository (2/2)
ex. Remote Key Framework Service Project (Link)
AUTHORS: Author list
LICENSE: License information
CMakeLists.txt: cmake configuration file about this directory’s build
remote-key-framework.manifest: SMACK manifest file
packaging
remote-key-framework.spec: RPM package specification file
remote-key-framework.service: systemd service configuration file
server
CMakeLists.txt
include
common.h: Common header file
src
main.cpp: Main source code
common.cpp: Source code of dlog connector

40. Clone the Source Code of Tizen v2.3 Project (1/2)
Log in Tizen review server (review.tizen.org)
Enter into “Projects” → “List”
Find a repository that you want to clone
Caution: Packages in Tizen 2.3 and 3.0 are managed in different way, so multiple packages will be displayed on the result.
Clone the repository
$ git clone

41. Clone the Source Code of Tizen v2.3 Project (2/2)
Tizen project source code has several branches by release version.
Check branches
$ git branch --remote
ex.
origin/1.0_post
origin/2.0alpha
origin/HEAD -> origin/master
origin/master
origin/tizen_2.0
origin/tizen_2.1
origin/tizen_2.2
origin/tizen_2.3
Change branch to target release version
$ git checkout <target branch>
ex. git checkout origin/tizen_2.3

42. Build the Tizen v2.3 Project (1/3)
Build the most recent version in Git repository
In default, GBS builds the source code of most recent version.
Move to the directory of repository.
$ gbs build -A armv7l
-A <architecture type>: i586, x86_64, armv7l

43. Build the Tizen v2.3 Project (2/3)
Build the working directory
Use it in the case of building the source code in work.
Move to the directory of repository.
$ gbs build -A armv7l --include-all
--include-all: option for building working directory

44. Build the Tizen v2.3 Project (3/3)
GBS downloads dependent packages from Tizen download server on demand.
ex. wrt(Web Runtime) package depends on ewebkit2(WebKitEFL) package, so ewebkit2 is downloaded when building wrt.
Other GBS Options
--threads <# of threads>: the number of build threads
--clean: initializes the GBS build root
--exclude=<packages>: the list of packages to be excluded
Build Result(Package Files; *.rpm)
The name of package file is dependent on the project’s RPM spec.
Typically package file is named as ‘package_name-version.arch.rpm’.
ex. remote-key-framework armv7l.rpm
Located in: ~/GBS-ROOT/local/repos/tizen2.3/armv7l/RPMS/

45. Install the Packages (1/2)
Install package files(*.rpm) on target board
Send package files to target board through SDB
Install the packages by RPM tool

46. Install the Packages (2/2)
Connect to ODROID-U3 via USB
How to check connection: $ sdb devices
Caution: If you are using VMWare, check the connection of ‘removable device’
Enter to SDB root mode
$ sdb root on
Send package file to target board through SDB
$ sdb push <package file> /
Install the package
$ sdb shell rpm -ivh --nodeps --force <package file>
Reboot your target board
$ sdb shell sync; sdb shell reboot -f

47. 3. Making Tizen v2.3 Platform Image

48. Process of Making Tizen v2.3 Platform Images
MIC makes images using Tizen v2.3 packages.
MIC downloads pre-built packages from download server, which do not exist in local repository.
Requirements
Tizen packages
in local
in download server
Kickstart file

49. Kickstart File A file that defines how to make image of target device
Structure
Default locale, keyboard language, timezone
Partition configurations, root user, default user to login
Repository path
Path of repository that contains Tizen packages
Required package groups
List of package groups to be included in image
Required pre-packages
List of packages to be included in image
Postscript
Script that configures the initial condition of image

50. Kickstart File: Structure (1/4)
#Default locale, keyboard language, and timezone
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
timezone --utc Asia/Seoul
#Partition configurations
# ROOT fs partition
part / --size= ondisk mmcblk0p --fstype=ext4 --label=rootfs --extoptions="-J size=16"
# DATA partition
part /opt/ --size=312 --ondisk mmcblk0p --fstype=ext4 --label=system-data --extoptions="-m 0"
# UMS partition
part /opt/usr/ --size= ondisk mmcblk0p --fstype=ext4 --label=user --extoptions="-m 0“
#Root user and default user to login
rootpw tizen
bootloader --timeout=0 --append="rootdelay=5"
desktop --autologinuser=root
user --name root --groups audio,video --password '‘
(Continued)
tizen-2.3-mobile.ks

51. Kickstart File: Structure (2/4)
Repository path
Path of repository that contains Tizen packages
Multiple path: local path, download server …
Priority is tunable.
(Continued)
# Modify the local path as your environment.
repo --name=local-packages --baseurl=file:///home/user/GBS-ROOT/local/repos/tizen2.3/armv7l/ --priority=1
repo --name=2.3-mobile-target --baseurl= --save --ssl_verify=no --priority=2
tizen-2.3-mobile.ks

52. Kickstart File: Structure (3/4)
Required package groups
List of package groups to be included in image
Pre-required packages
(Continued)
%packages
@target-m
@eng-tools-m
%end
%prepackages
libprivilege-control-conf
rpm-security-plugin
tizen-2.3-mobile.ks

53. Kickstart File: Structure (4/4)
Postscript
Script that configures the initial condition of image
(Continued)
%post
echo 'kickstart post script start'
rm -rf /usr/include
rm -rf /usr/share/man
rm -rf /usr/share/doc
ldconfig
if [ ! -L var ]; then
[ -d opt ] || mkdir opt
cp -af var opt
rm -rf var
ln -snf opt/var var
rm -rf opt/var/run
ln -snf /run opt/var/run fi
(중략)
%end
tizen-2.3-mobile.ks

54. Making Tizen v2.3 Platform Images
Download Kickstart File
$ git clone
Make Tizen v2.3 Images
$ cd tizen-kickstart-mobile
$ gbs createimage --ks-file=tizen-2.3-mobile.ks --tmpfs
--ks-file=<path>: the path of kickstart file
--tmpfs: accelerates making image process through ramdisk
Results: <TIZEN-ROOT>/mic-output
tizen-2.3-mobile-YYYYMMDDhhmm.tar.gz: Platform images
rootfs.img, system-data.img, user.img,
tizen-2.3-mobile-YYYYMMDDhhmm.packages: Package list
tizen-2.3-mobile-YYYYMMDDhhmm.xml: Partition information
manifest.json: Manifest file

55. Appendix: Git and Repo Cheatsheet (1/2)
Android developing document:

56. Appendix: Git and Repo Cheatsheet (2/2)

57. Appendix: Locale error in build phase
Problem
GBS can run on only English Ubuntu.
If you use Ubuntu in other language, GBS could not be work.
Solution
Run below commands before run GBS.
$ export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
$ export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
$ export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
$ locale-gen en_US.UTF-8
$ dpkg-reconfigure locales

58. Appendix: GBS Trouble-shooting (1/2)
When build error is occured, refer to the error log.
info: *** Build Status Summary ***
=== the following packages failed to build due to rpmbuild issue (1) ===
xf86-video-exynos: /home/user/GBS-ROOT/local/repos/tizen2.3/armv7l/logs/fail/xf86-video-exynos /log.txt
Example
You can find the problem on the error log.
[ 139s] error: db4 error(-30971) from dbenv->open: DB_VERSION_MISMATCH: Database environment version mismatch
[ 139s] error: cannot open Packages index using db4 - (-30971)
[ 139s] error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
/home/user/GBS-ROOT/local/repos/tizen2.3/armv7l/
logs/fail/xf86-video-exynos /log.txt

59. Appendix: GBS Trouble-shooting (2/2)
RPM DB4 error
[ 139s] error: db4 error(-30971) from dbenv->open: DB_VERSION_MISMATCH: Database environment version mismatch
[ 139s] error: cannot open Packages index using db4 - (-30971)
[ 139s] error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
/home/user/GBS-ROOT/local/repos/tizen2.3/armv7l/
logs/fail/xf86-video-exynos /log.txt
Problem: temporary files in BUILD-ROOT are in conflict each other.
Solution: Add ‘--clean’ flag on GBS.
gbs build -A armv7l --include-all --clean
build.sh

60. Appendix: Profile A file that defines characteristics by target device
Basic features: Model name, platform version, processor name
Processor: CPU architecture, FPU type, Graphics acceleration
Network: Wifi, Telephony, VoIP, Bluetooth, GPS, WPS, Push
Peripheral devices: Camera, FM Radio, Keyboard, Microphone, Multi-point touch, Screen, Sensors, USB, Vision
Other features: Database encryption, OpenGL configuration, Shell, Speech, OSP-compatible
Different profile is required on different target.
Official targets of Tizen 2.3: Mobile, Wearable
Refer to