1. Introduction of MAIRS Activities The 2 nd CORDEX South Asia Science and Training Workshop, 27-30 August 2013, Kathmandu Ailikun International Program Office Monsoon Asia Integrated Regional Study (MAIRS)

2. Monsoon Asia Integrated Regional Study The vision of MAIRS is “To significantly advance understanding of the interactions between the human-natural components of the overall environment in the monsoon Asian region, and implications for the global earth system, in order to support strategies for sustainable development. “

3. MAIRS Themes Multiple stresses in high mountain zones Vulnerable systems in dryland zones Rapid transformation in coastal Urban zones Rapid development of urban zones Modelling and observations

4. Observation network in dryland east Asia

5. Drought Impact on Rangeland Herders in Inner Mongolia - Study by Xiaoyi Wang, CASS - Pastoral village of 80 households - 10,000 livestock - Decade-long drought & rising temperature affected pasture & water availability - Herders' incomes significantly reduced - But there are social factors

6. Social Factors interacting with Drought Impacts Xiaoyi Wang, CASS

7. Impact of Warming on Precipitation S. Liu et al. (2009) Comparison of precipitation intensity in Taiwan for the two coolest years (blue) and two warmest years (red) over the period 1961-2005 Find similar result for GPCP data Response is larger than expected from Clausius-Clapeyron

8. Tokyo Osaka Seoul Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Primary pollutant concentrations are expected to increase as: C ~ N  where N: population  Air Pollution in Mega-Cities Parrish and Zhu, 2009, Science IGBP/IGAC Program

9. Going to deeper water --- New Nansha Harbour (100KM from city central) Fresh water supply of Nansha is rely on upstream Xijiang river Influence of sea level rise and coastal erosion Future scenario of cyclone and urban flood in Pearl River Delta Mountain City Field Sea Expanding of Guangzhou ---Urban Case study Nansha

10. AusAID Public Sector Linkages Program (PSLP) Working towards improving resilience and adaptive capacity to climate change in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) Region (China, Bangladesh, India & Nepal). PI: Lance Heath, Climate change Institute, ANU Time: 2013-2015 AusAID Public Sector Linkages Program (PSLP) Working towards improving resilience and adaptive capacity to climate change in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) Region (China, Bangladesh, India & Nepal). PI: Lance Heath, Climate change Institute, ANU Time: 2013-2015

11. This project will use a number of approaches to identify the risks, vulnerabilities and opportunities of climate change impacts on small downstream communities in Bangladesh and upstream communities in Nepal and India. Build the local capacity to help communities cope better with those risks and vulnerabilities identified. A key outcome resulting from this project is the development of a climate change adaptation toolkit.

12. Asian Dryland Model Intercomparison Project (ADMIP) - Led by Jun Asanuma and Dennis Ojima - Support from APN, MAIRS and MEXT-JSPS - Few observations and relatively poor performance of LSM in Asian drylands - Data from sites at Tongyu, China; Kherlen Bayan Ulaan, Mongolia (AsiaFlux) - 7 LSMs and 7 TEMs from Japan, China, Korea, USA, Australia

13. Model performance at dryland 2010/7/11 ADMIP Kickoff, Beijing figures made by Dr. Yorozu at Kyoto Univ. in reference to Guo, and Dirmeyer (2002) JGR, Vol.111, D22S02 correlation between GSWP2 (multi model analysis) and GSMDB(obs.) 13 lower model reproducibility of soil moiture

14. Goals of ADMIP Evaluating & improving land surface models (LSM, energy and water) & terrestrial ecosystem model (TEM, carbon) through offline model intercomparison using data obtained at Asian dryland but not to improve a model/models specific to Asian dryland Better reproduction/prediction of landsurface state at Asian dryland using improved models 2010/7/11 ADMIP Kickoff, Beijing 14

15. RMIP Simulation Design Integration Domain: (45-165E, 0-45N) Resolution: 60KM (for whole area, downscaling to 30KM in some key areas) Participating Countries: China, Japan, Korea, Australia, US Regional Models: 6 models in RMIP II, and 9 models in RMIP III Simulation Periods: 1978-2000 for control, 2038-2070 for projection, A 2-year spin-up time is applied to both control and projection runs Shuyu Wang, Nanjing University

16. RMIP Activities - Regional projections for 2040-2070 with uncertainties - Data sharing - Development of integrated assessment tool for urban policy and planning (UrbanCLIM – Yinpeng Li) - High-resolution precipitation events - High-resolution urban simulations - High-resolution mountain simulations (WCRP CORDEX south Asia, ICIMOD)

17. Training workshop on remote sensing and regional land surface processes Date: 16-20 Sep. 2013 Location: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS Sponsors: UNESCO, MAIRS, NSFC, CARRI/CAS Jointly organized by CARRI/CAS, MAIRS

18. To provide the knowledge required for societies in the world to face risks posed by global environmental change and to seize opportunities in a transition to global sustainability Future Earth: A New Initiative by ICSU/ISSC

19. Objectives: To report the latest research on integrated studies in Asia-Pacific region To promote the research of both natural and social scientists To promote the research by young scientists from the region To promote multi-disciplinary studies and the new ICSU-ISSC Future Earth in Asia-Pacific region To discuss the implementation of the Future Earth initiative