1. Glaciers

2. Essential Points Glaciers are flowing streams of ice Glaciers have a zone of accumulation where snowfall exceeds losses (ablation) Accumulation can be due to high altitude (mountain glaciers) or cold climate (continental glaciers) Glaciers have a zone of ablation where losses exceed snowfall Glaciers are governed by a balance of snowfall, ice flow, and ablation Glaciers retreat by melting back, not by retracting Glaciers produce distinctive landforms and small scale features

3. Snowfall vs Melting & Evaporation (Ablation) Zone of Accumulation Mountain Continental (Greenland, Antarctica Zone of Melting or Ablation Terminus of Glacier Ablation = Accumulation+ Flow

4. Small Glacier, Antarctica

5. Anatomy of a Glacier

6. A Typical Glacial Advance and Retreat

7. Mountain Glacier Landforms

8. Glacial Valley, Yosemite, California

9. Cirque, Oregon

10. Cirques, Colorado

11. The Mother of All Cirques, Mount Everest

12. Glaciated Landscape, Sierra Nevada

13. What it May Have Looked Like

14. Glacier, Antarctica

15. Moraines, Colorado

16. Moraine, Washington

17. Glacier and Moraines, Peru

18. Continental Glacier Landforms

19. Greenland Ice Cap

20. Antarctic Ice Cap

21. Continental Glacier, Antarctica

22. Glacial Deposits, Ontario

23. Dropstone, Ontario

24. Erratic, Washington

25. Kettles, Madison, Wisconsin

26. Roche Moutonnee, Wisconsin

27. Crescentic Gouges, Wisconsin

28. Chatter Marks, Wisconsin

29. Drumlins, Wisconsin

30. Buried Log, Wisconsin

31. Till and Outwash, Wisconsin

32. Sculpted Bedrock, Ontario

33. Antarctic Subglacial Lakes

34. Lake Vostok

35. Essential Points Glaciers are flowing streams of ice Glaciers have a zone of accumulation where snowfall exceeds losses (ablation) Accumulation can be due to high altitude (mountain glaciers) or cold climate (continental glaciers) Glaciers have a zone of ablation where losses exceed snowfall Glaciers are governed by a balance of snowfall, ice flow, and ablation Glaciers retreat by melting back, not by retracting Glaciers produce distinctive landforms and small scale features