1. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Actor: Tom Hanks You’ve Got Mail (1998) Dir: Nora Ephron Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Meg RyanMeg Ryan, Parker PoseyParker Posey, Greg KinnearGreg Kinnear, Jean Stapleton Cast Away (2000) Dir: Robert Zemeckis Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Helen HuntHelen Hunt, Valerie WildmanValerie Wildman, Geoffrey BlakeGeoffrey Blake, Jenifer Lewis Lawrence of ArabiaThe Great Escape Actor: Tom Hanks The TerminalCatch Me If You CanDir: Frank DarabontDir: Steven Spielberg Actor: Tom Hanks Minority ReportArtificial Intelligence AI Actor: Tom Hanks The Green Mile (1999) Dir: Frank Darabont Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Michael Clarke DuncanMichael Clarke Duncan, David MorseDavid Morse, Bonnie HuntBonnie Hunt, James Cromwell Saving Private Ryan (1998) Dir: Steven Spielberg Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Tom SizemoreTom Sizemore, Jeremy Davies, Edward Burns, Giovanni Ribisi Jeremy Davies Edward Burns Giovanni Ribisi Best War MoviesApocalypse NowSchindler’s List Toy Story 2 (1999) Dir: Lee Unkrich Starring: Tom Hanks Tim Allen Don Rickles Jim Varney Wallace Shawn Rich, this is one of my  favorites. Janet Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

2. Powerpoint (Revised 6/8/2007) available at: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Powerpoint (Revised 6/8/2007) available at: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

3. 1.What does the research say about how Millennials are different than prior generations at the same age? 2.How can social networking & archiving improve virtual library services to Millennials and with what implications? Today’s Agenda

4. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 This PowerPoint can be downloaded at the URL printed at the top of your handouts: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/

5. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 http://www.generationsatwork.com/articles/millenials.htm Claire Raines Associates Managing Millennials 2002 Millennials “They’re variously called the Internet Generation, Echo Boomers, the Boomlet, Nexters, Generation Y, the Nintendo Generation, the Digital Generation, and, in Canada, the Sunshine Generation. But several thousand of them sent suggestions about what they want to be called to Peter Jennings at abcnews.com, and “Millennials” was the clear winner.”

6. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 *Experts differ on end or beginning date of generation : 1974-1981 GenerationsBirth YearsAges in 2006 GI Generation1901 - 192481 - Silent Generation1925 - 194561 - 80 Baby Boomers1946 - 196442 – 60 Generation X1965 - 1978*28 - 42 Millennials 1979*- 1994 12 - 27

7. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 MILLENNIAL PANELS  over 40 Millennial panels  8 to 14 Millennials from local colleges  In California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, and Wisconsin.

8. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 MILLENNIAL CHARACTERISTICS More Choices - Selectivity Digital NativesImpatientHuge Population Personalization / Customization GamersRespect Intelligence More Adaptive High Expectations (e.g. Incomes) Practical / Achievement Oriented Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce Merit SystemsNomadicMore Diverse / Inclusive Flexibility / Convenience Read LessMore FriendsDirectEntrepreneurial Experiential Learners Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle CollaborativeMultitaskersMore LiberalSocial Involvement Richard Sweeney

9. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 MILLENNIAL CHARACTERISTICS More Choices - Selectivity Digital NativesImpatientHuge Population Personalization / Customization GamersRespect Intelligence More Adaptive High Expectations (e.g. Incomes) Practical / Achievement Oriented Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce Merit SystemsNomadicMore Diverse / Inclusive Flexibility / Convenience Read LessMore FriendsDirectEntrepreneurial Experiential Learners Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle CollaborativeMultitaskersMore LiberalSocial Involvement Richard Sweeney

10. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Williamson, Christopher. The war of the ages; Planning 68.7 (2002): 4-9 “The baby boomers generally had children later and in smaller numbers than their prewar generation parents. But when they did start reproducing, from about 1970 to 1995, they did so with a vengeance. The result: the growth in the under-18 population that's already reverberating in classrooms today.” p. 4 Huge Generation

11. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Baker, Debra. “Move Over Baby Boomers.” ABA Journal, 85 (1999): 22 Number of children under 18: 1966 69.9 million 1976 65.1 million 1986 62.8 million 1998 71.4 million p. 22 Huge Generation

12. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Huge Generation

13. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Millennials In Workforce Born 1979- 1984 Under 23 yrs Huge Generation Millennials Not In Workforce Born 1984-1994 23 yrs old plus Workforce 2007

14. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 All Millennials in Workforce Born 1980-1992 @ 23 yrs old Boomers Retired Born 1946-1951 66 yrs old plus Huge Generation Boomers Still in Workforce Born 1952-1964 Workforce 2017

15. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 All Millennials Hired Born 1980-1992 @ 23 yrs old Boomer Retirements Born 1946-1951 @ 66 yrs old Huge Generation Workforce Changes 2017

16. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Baker, Debra. “Move Over Baby Boomers.” ABA Journal, 85 (1999): 22 a fifth offspring of immigrants “About a fifth of these echo boom children are the offspring of immigrants who arrived in the U.S. during the 1980s and who often had relatively large families. The ethnic profile created by these immigrant children is far different from the white and black 1950s and 1960s.” p. 22 Williamson, Christopher. The war of the ages; Planning 68.7 (2002): 4-9 Diverse

17. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Nichole J Borges et al. “Comparing Millennial and Generation X Medical Students at One Medical School. Academic Medicine; 81.6 (2006): 571-576 “Furthermore, we found Millennial medical students to be less solitary and individualistic (Self Reliance) than their Generation X counterparts.” 574 Research Studies Note: this study looked at medical schools students: Generation Xborn 1965 - 1980 “Cuspars” born 1975 – 1980 (Gen X Subset) Millennials born 1981 - 1989

18. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Nichole J Borges et al. “Comparing Millennial and Generation X Medical Students at One Medical School. Academic Medicine; 81.6 (2006): 571-576 Warmth Reasoning Emotional StabilityRule Consciousness Social Boldness SensitivityApprehension Openness to Change Perfectionism “Using descriptors from the 16PF subscales, we found that Millennial students are more warm and outgoing (Warmth), more abstract than concrete (Reasoning), more adaptive and mature (Emotional Stability), more dutiful (Rule Consciousness), more socially bold and adventuresome (Social Boldness), more sensitive and sentimental (Sensitivity), more self-doubting and worried (Apprehension), more open to change and experimenting (Openness to Change), and more organized and self disciplined (Perfectionism) compared to Generation X medical students.” p. 574 Research Studies

19. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX less prickly and pessimistic better at reasoning “Overall, Millennials appear less prickly and pessimistic than their predecessors, the Gen Xers, a group that numbers about 59 million and was born from 1965 to 1982. They also seem better at reasoning and top Gen X when it comes to being organized and self-disciplined.” Northeast Ohio Universities College of Medicine, led by Nicole Borges, explored common traits and the chasms that divide different generations.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Jayson, Sharon. “Generation Y gets involved; Shaped by 9/11, millennials are socially conscious, if not radical ?” USA TODAY, October 24, 2006 Tuesday, FINAL EDITION, LIFE; Pg. 1D Optimistic; Smart

20. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 McHale, Tom. “Portrait of a Digital Native” Technology & Learning, 26.2 (2005) 33-34 students who use media the most also spend more time with family, friends “.. A recent Kaiser Family Foundation report, "Generation M: Media in the Lives of 8- to 18-Year- Olds," found that students who use media the most also spend more time with family, friends, and other activities. That may explain the need to do many things at once.” p. 33 Media Addicts; Multitaskers

21. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Ernst and Young, Canada. “Sixty-five Per Cent of College Students Think They Will Become Millionaires.” 2001. Press Information Worldwide. 3/14/05. http://www.pressi.com/us/release/35870.html “74% of the students expect to be better off than their parents in terms of income and quality of life over their lifetime.” Optimistic

22. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Sacks, Danielle. “SCENES from the culture clash”. Fast Company, 102 (2006) 72-77 busywork “ ‘Nothing infuriates us more than busywork,’ says 24-year-old Katie Day, an assistant editor at Berkley Publishing, a division of Penguin Group USA. Fearlessness ? "I don't have time to be intimidated," says Anna Stassen, a 26-year-old copywriter at the advertising agency Fallon Worldwide who treats her bosses like ‘the guys’." Impatience

23. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Howe, Neil and William Strauss. Millennials Go To College. Washington, DC: American Association of Collegiate Registrars, 2003. Busy “Busy Around the Clock “Millennial teens may be America’s busiest people. Long gone are the days of Boomer kids being shooed outside to invent their own games – or of GenXer Kids being left “home alone” with a “self- care” guide." p. 45 Impatience

24. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Lillo, Andrea. “Young consumers tell it 'straight' “ Home Textiles Today; High Point; May 27, 23.38 (2002): 6 easy no patience “We want everything to be easy, and we want it now," said Katie Smith, a student at the University of Florida. "We have no patience.” p.6 Impatience; Easy

25. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 flexibility “50% say having flexibility in planning a career around major life events is the most important element for achieving a good balance between a career and personal life.” p. 4 Flexibility Ernst and Young, Canada. “Sixty-five Per Cent of College Students Think They Will Become Millionaires.” 2001. Press Information Worldwide. 3/14/05. http://www.pressi.com/us/release/35870.html

26. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Rulison, Larry. “ Gen Y in search of flexibility”. Philadelphia Business Journal. 22.31 Sep 19, (2003). 15 flexibility “ “When you look at the generation coming up now, I think the thing that generation will value more than anything is flexibility," Friedman said. "People want to have a more balanced life.” ” p.15 Flexibility

27. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “We have no patience. The Gen Y consumer is brand-and–store loyal, she said, but the store must provide choices and have them in stock, or they will go elsewhere”. p. 6 More Choices Lillo, Andrea. “Young consumers tell it 'straight' “ Home Textiles Today; High Point; May 27, 23.38 (2002): 6

28. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Oblinger, Diana. “Understanding the New Student.” Educause Review, 38.3 (2003): 36-42. “ gravitate toward group activity”; “identify with parent’s values and feel close to their parents”; Value Intelligence ‘..believe “it’s cool to be smart” Family Oriented Collaborative Collaborative; Values

29. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 experiential multitasking goal orientation collaborative “Along with differences in attitudes, millennials exhibit distinct learning styles. For example, their learning preferences tend toward teamwork, experiential activities, structure and the use of technology. Their strengths include multitasking, goal orientation, positive attitudes, and a collaborative style.” Oblinger, Diana. “Understanding the New Student.” Educause Review, 38.3 (2003): 36-42. Collaborative; Achievement Oriented

30. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Beck, John C., and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. “The real question is: Does the behavior of this new group [gamers] change the world in any way that really matters? If you’re in business today, the answer is clearly yes.” p. 1 Gamers

31. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 “How hard this new cohort works, how they try to compete, how they fit into teams. How they take risks – all are different in statistically verifiable ways. And those differences are driven by one central factor: growing up with video games.” p. 2 Beck, John C., and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Gamers

32. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX grew up playing them “The important thing for business professionals to know about games isn’t whether someone plays them now, but whether he or she grew up playing them.” p. 25 Beck, John C., and Mitchell Wade. Got Game: How the Gamer Generation is Reshaping Business Forever. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2004. Gamers

33. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc Prensky. March 2004. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky- Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language.pdf “ ‘The most important things to remember are: multi-player, creative, challenging, and competitive.’ -a high school student” p. 1 Gamers

34. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX alter the brains “We know from contemporary neurobiology that experiences of this intensity alter the brains of those who receive them in ways that enable them to accommodate and deal with these experiences more easily.” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc Prensky. March 2004. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky- Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language.pdf Gamers

35. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX MULTITASKING PARALLEL PROCESSING THINKS GRAPHICALLY “So we now have a generation of students that is better at taking in information and making decisions quickly, better at MULTITASKING and PARALLEL PROCESSING; a generation that THINKS GRAPHICALLY rather than textually, assumes connectivity, and is accustomed to seeing the world through a lens of games and play.” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc Prensky. March 2004. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky- Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language.pdf Gamers

36. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “And we will never understand or use the technology in precisely the same way as the Natives do. DIGITAL NATIVES This distinction is critical in education, because we are currently in a time where all our students are DIGITAL NATIVES, yet the bulk of our educators, teachers, administrators and curriculum developers are Digital Immigrants.” p. 3 Prensky, Marc. “Use Their Tools! Speak Their Language!” Marc Prensky. March 2004. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky- Use_Their_Tools_Speak_Their_Language.pdf Digital Natives

37. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “ p.X Educause Review. 38.4 (2003) 12-22 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Educause Review. 38.4 (2003) 12-22 lectureis impossible “Even if the lecturer is charismatic, holding the attention of several hundred students for an entire lecture of fifty minutes or longer is impossible. p.15 Experiential What the "Millennial" Generation Expects From Colleges sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

38. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX producer-push approach the “sage on the stage” lecture model demand pull “In that light, it is hard to imagine a more producer-push approach than the “sage on the stage” lecture model that dominates undergraduate education. Can higher education move the curriculum in ways that take advantage of demand pull, and will colleges and universities design their infrastructures to support that approach?” p. 60 James Hilton, University of Michigan Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Hilton, James. “The Future for Higher Education: Sunrise or Perfect Storm?” Educause Review 41.2 March/April 2006 59-71 Experiential; Pull

39. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “ p.X Educause Review. 38.4 (2003) 12-22 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Educause Review. 38.4 (2003) 12-22 Experiential “The ideal learning situation: 1…customized to the very specific needs of the individual. 2…provides students with immediate feedback. 3...is constructive..to explore learning environments (preferably multi sensorial)... 4…motivates students to persist far in excess of any externally imposed requirements. 5…builds enduring conceptual structures.” p.14 Experiential

40. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “ p.X Windam, Carrie “Father Google and Mother IM: Confessions of a Net Gen Learner”. EDUCAUSE Review, 40.5 (2005): 42–59. exploration experimented “We are a generation of learners by exploration. My first Web site, for example, was constructed before I had any concept of HTML or Java. I simply experimented with the commands until the pieces fit together.” Note: this article published by a Millennial Experiential

41. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “The average college class has minimal interaction; estimates are that students ask 0.1 question per hour and that faculty ask 0.3. By contrast, students in tutored sessions ask 20-30 questions, and tutors ask more than 100. In computer based instruction, the number of questions posed to students per hour ranges from 160 to 800.” p. 70 Diana Oblinger VP, Educause Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Diana G. Oblinger, “Learners, Learning and Technology”, Educause Review 40.5 September/October 2005 66-75 Interactivity; Feedback

42. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “35% or the largest portion of those who IM for about an hour are Gen Y-ers. In contrast, the greatest percentage of instant messengers who IM for less than 15 minutes consist of Trailing Boomers (26%).” p.iii Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/133/report_display.asp Gamers Digital Natives

43. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX using IM more frequently than email “Within the instant messaging Gen Y (18-27 years) age group, 46% report using IM more frequently than email.” p. iii Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/133/report_display.asp Digital Natives

44. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “Internet users ages 12-28 are more likely to IM, play online games, and create blogs. Internet users over age 28 (but younger than 70) are more likely to make travel reservations and bank online.” p. 1 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/133/report_display.asp Digital Natives

45. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “Internet users ages 12 to 28 years old have embraced the online applications that enable communicative, creative, and social uses. Teens and Generation Y (age 18-28) are significantly more likely than older users to send and receive instant messages, play online games, create blogs, download music, and search for school information. p. 2 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Fox, Susannah and Mary Madden. “Generations online”. Pew Internet and American Life Project Dec. 2005 http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Generations_Memo.pdf Digital Natives

46. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 You have to multitask to get everything done. "It's the way we've all come to be raised," says Fear, a senior at Hunterdon Central Regional High School in Flemington, New Jersey. She is a member of the National Honor Society, student leader of the local Amnesty International chapter, and president of the school's International Thespian Society. "There's a lot of work we're expected to do. You have to multitask to get everything done. ” McHale, Tom. “Portrait of a Digital Native” Technology & Learning, 26.2 (2005) 33-34 Multitaskers

47. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 incapable of concentrating “The great thinkers have decreed that we are now incapable of concentrating for a sustained period of time. We are suffering from what is known in philosophical circles as the channel-hopping, YouTube-trucking, Google-gorging, MySpace- sniffing, post-millennial, post-post-modern condition.” Hattenstone, Simon. “Quick-fix culture is no way to get a proper contest.” The Guardian (London) - Final Edition, October 25, 2006 Wednesday, GUARDIAN SPORT PAGES; Pg. 12, Multitaskers

48. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX multi-taskers “IM-ers are multi-taskers. virtually every time they are instant messaging 32% of IM users say they do other things on their computer such as browsing the web or playing games virtually every time they are instant messaging and another 29% are doing something else some of the time they are IM-ing. p. iv Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Shiu, Eulynn and Amanda Lenhart. “How Americans use instant messaging”. Pew Internet and American Life Project 9/1/2004 http://www.pewinternet.org/PPF/r/133/report_display.asp Multitaskers

49. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 brains can be trained to multitask until 16 or 17 years of age “New research also suggests that brains can be trained to multitask. A study conducted by Monica Luciana, associate professor of psychology at the University of Minnesota (published in Child Development, May/June 2005) found the brain's ability to effectively self-organize competing information remains in the developmental process until 16 or 17 years of age.” McHale, Tom. “Portrait of a Digital Native” Technology & Learning, 26.2 (2005) 33-34 Multitaskers

50. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX show the smallest gap with the values of older generations “The Millennial Generation, who turned 18 around the year 2000, show the smallest gap with the values of older generations than any teens have shown since the history of polling.” p.B8 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Kleinfeld, Judith. “Millennials: our next great generation,” Anchorage Daily News (Alaska), January 30, 2004 Friday, FINAL EDITION, ALASKA; Pg. B8, 712 words, Values

51. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX favored Kerry over Bush, 55% “This time, young voters were the only group that favored Democrat Kerry. The AP's exit polls found that under-30s favored Kerry over Bush, 55% to 44%, compared to a 48-46 edge for Al Gore in 2000.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” http://www.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/ 2004-11-08-under30_x.htm More Liberal What the "Millennial" Generation Expects From Colleges sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

52. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 30%say they're liberals “Some 30% of freshmen say they're liberals, compared with 21% in 1981. Popularity of the "liberal" label has increased for five consecutive years, Sax says. About 49% now are "middle-of- the-road" and 21% "conservative" or "far right.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Elias, Marilyn. “Boomer echo: College freshmen look liberal” USA TODAY January 28, 2002, Monday, FINAL EDITION More Liberal

53. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX merit managers should acknowledge their demonstration of competence “They believe passionately that merit rather than length of service should drive promotion, progression and the acquisition of responsibility. They argue their baby boomer managers should acknowledge their demonstration of competence more fulsomely.” p.17 Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Hutton, Will. “Wear Kid Gloves When Tackling Generation Y.” Personnel Today (2003): 17. Achievement Oriented

54. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “Over the past 20 years, young adults (18-34) have declined from being those most likely to read literature to those least likely (with the exception of those 65 and older. The rate of decline for the youngest adults, aged 18 to 24 was 55 percent greater than the total adult population.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Hill, Kelly. “Reading at Risk; A Survey of Literary Reading in America” National Endowment for the Arts Research Division Report, 46 (June 2004) Reading Less

55. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “In short, the future of the U.S. News industry is seriously threatened by the seemingly irrevocable move by young people away from traditional sources of news.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Merrril Brown, “Abandoning the News.” Carnegie Reporter 3.2 (Spring 2005) Reading Less

56. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Merrril Brown, “Abandoning the News.” Carnegie Reporter 3.2 (Spring 2005) Reading Less

57. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” US Department of Education. “NAEP National Assessment of Educational Programs: The Nation’s Report Card”, (February 22, 2007) http://nationsreportcard.gov/ Reading Less “ Twelfth-graders in 2005 scored lower than in 1992, but their score was not significantly different compared to 2002. Except for the highest-performing students (90th percentile), declines were seen at all levels of performance since 1992. ” What the "Millennial" Generation Expects From Colleges sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208

58. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “Main Purposes of the Library – By Age of U.S. Respondent U.S. U.S. 18-2425-64 Information 49% 56% Books 32% 26% Research 20% 15% Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” De Rosa, Cathy et. al. Perceptions Of Libraries and Information Resources; A report to the OCLC membership. Dublin, OH OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. 2005 Libraries & Information Millennials Mostly Older Generations

59. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX with muted expressions of patriotism and a new commitment to altruism “An ongoing study of the lingering effects of Sept. 11, 2001, on young people who were in college then finds they reacted with shock and confusion, but also with muted expressions of patriotism and a new commitment to altruism. …Wild says the students did not necessarily support the blind patriotism they saw in the images of 9/11, nor did they necessarily support military action in Afghanistan or Iraq.” Researchers Patricia Somers at the University of Texas-Austin and Rob Wild at Washington University in St. Louis Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” Jayson, Sharon. Will 9/11 define a generation?; Study gauges students' response to attacks. USA TODAY, September 11, 2006 Monday, FINAL EDITION, LIFE; Pg. 1D, Socially Conscious

60. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX “Civic-minded Millennials prepared to reward or punish companies based on commitment to social causes.” 81% have volunteered in the last year. “Nearly nine out of ten Millennials surveyed, ages 13 – 25, stated that they are likely or very likely to switch from one brand to another (price and quality being equal) if the second brand is associated with a good cause.” Foreman, Joel. “Next-Generation Educational Technology Versus the Lecture.” “Cone 2006 Millennial CAUSE Study” www.causemarketingforum/page.asp?ID=473 Reading Less Socially Conscious

61. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 MILLENNIAL CHARACTERISTICS More Choices - Selectivity Digital NativesImpatientHuge Population Personalization / Customization GamersRespect Intelligence More Adaptive High Expectations (e.g. Incomes) Practical / Achievement Oriented Optimistic / Positive / Confident Family Oriented / Largely Children of Divorce Merit SystemsNomadicMore Diverse / Inclusive Flexibility / Convenience Read LessMore FriendsDirectEntrepreneurial Experiential Learners Media Consumers Patriotic / Civic Minded Balanced Lives / Healthy Lifestyle CollaborativeMultitaskersMore LiberalSocial Involvement Richard Sweeney

62. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Actor: Tom Hanks You’ve Got Mail (1998) Dir: Nora Ephron Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Meg RyanMeg Ryan, Parker PoseyParker Posey, Greg KinnearGreg Kinnear, Jean Stapleton Cast Away (2000) Dir: Robert Zemeckis Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Helen HuntHelen Hunt, Valerie WildmanValerie Wildman, Geoffrey BlakeGeoffrey Blake, Jenifer Lewis Lawrence of ArabiaThe Great Escape Actor: Tom Hanks The TerminalCatch Me If You CanDir: Frank DarabontDir: Steven Spielberg Actor: Tom Hanks Minority ReportArtificial Intelligence AI Actor: Tom Hanks The Green Mile (1999) Dir: Frank Darabont Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Michael Clarke DuncanMichael Clarke Duncan, David MorseDavid Morse, Bonnie HuntBonnie Hunt, James Cromwell Saving Private Ryan (1998) Dir: Steven Spielberg Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Tom SizemoreTom Sizemore, Jeremy Davies, Edward Burns, Giovanni Ribisi Jeremy Davies Edward Burns Giovanni Ribisi Best War MoviesApocalypse NowSchindler’s List Toy Story 2 (1999) Dir: Lee Unkrich Starring: Tom Hanks Tim Allen Don Rickles Jim Varney Wallace Shawn Rich, this is one of my favorites. Janet

63. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Actor: Tom Hanks You’ve Got Mail (1998) Dir: Nora Ephron Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Meg RyanMeg Ryan, Parker PoseyParker Posey, Greg KinnearGreg Kinnear, Jean Stapleton Cast Away (2000) Dir: Robert Zemeckis Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Helen HuntHelen Hunt, Valerie WildmanValerie Wildman, Geoffrey BlakeGeoffrey Blake, Jenifer Lewis Lawrence of ArabiaThe Great Escape Actor: Tom Hanks The TerminalCatch Me If You CanDir: Frank DarabontDir: Steven Spielberg Actor: Tom Hanks Minority ReportArtificial Intelligence AI Actor: Tom Hanks The Green Mile (1999) Dir: Frank Darabont Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Michael Clarke DuncanMichael Clarke Duncan, David MorseDavid Morse, Bonnie HuntBonnie Hunt, James Cromwell Saving Private Ryan (1998) Dir: Steven Spielberg Starring: Tom HanksTom Hanks, Tom SizemoreTom Sizemore, Jeremy Davies, Edward Burns, Giovanni Ribisi Jeremy Davies Edward Burns Giovanni Ribisi Best War MoviesApocalypse NowSchindler’s List Toy Story 2 (1999) Dir: Lee Unkrich Starring: Tom Hanks Tim Allen Don Rickles Jim Varney Wallace Shawn Rich, this is one of my favorites. Janet This virtual library, or something similar, will be the fulfillment of the personalized, customized, socially networked, peer to peer academic library.

64. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 1.Collaborative Searching 2.Peer Network Quality Filtration (social network) 3.Full Motion Multimedia 4.Personalization Productivity Enhancements 5.Interactive and Self-Adjusting Resources & Services 6.Peer-to-Peer Services Virtual Library Services for Millennials

65. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 The future Millennial friendly virtual academic library offers huge potential benefits (and some non-trivial risks) in the development of the personalized, customized, socially networked, academic library including saving time, accelerating learning, time shifting, and greatly improved understanding. Virtual Library Services for Millennials

66. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 More ChoicesImproved Productivity PersonalizationFun / Experiential Time Shifting / SavingSpeed Learning CustomizationImproved Understanding Site ShiftingProtected Users Rights Ease CollaborationSelf Correcting Richard Sweeney MANY POTENTIAL BENEFITS: Virtual Library Services for Millennials

67. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Too Little Critical ThinkingCorrupted / Lost Work Social Networking DiseasesSabotage Unforgettable ErrorsLost Privacy Dehumanization of Relationships Constant Interruptions OverloadMisinformation Unintended ConsequencesGroup Think Richard Sweeney SOME POTENTIAL DISADVANTAGES: Virtual Library Services for Millennials

68. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Archiving personal (life logging) traits and habits as well as staying connected much of the time are two perquisites that are part of the virtual social environment necessary to create these academic library benefits. We need to also understand and communicate their limits and potential harmful effects; i.e. show users how to protect themselves. Virtual Library Services for Millennials

69. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Thanks for your kind attention Thanks for your kind attention. What the "Millennial" Generation Expects From Colleges sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 Powerpoint (Revised 3/19/2007) available at: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/ Powerpoint (Revised 3/19/2007) available at: http://library1.njit.edu/staff-folders/sweeney/

70. Libraries Connecting Millennials in an Archived World sweeney@njit.edu Richard Sweeney 973-596-3208 University Librarian University Librarian – 1. New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 2. Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NYDirector 1.Columbus Metropolitan Library - 1.Columbus Metropolitan Library - Columbus, OH 2.Director of Public Library - 2.Director of Public Library - Genesee County, Flint, MI 3.Director of Public Library - 3.Director of Public Library - Atlantic City, NJ School Librarian School Librarian - Atlantic City, NJ Richard T Sweeney Thanks for your kind attention.