1. Filip Šváb AT&T International External Affairs Seminář MPO 8. listopadu 2012 © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property.

2. The Internet: Yesterday and Today © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 2 Access was largely through dial- up on a PC. Email was simply text and the Web was not multimedia. Internet users were mainly North Americans who relied on low- speed. Four Network Access Points across the U.S. were designated as the points at which traffic could be exchanged. Early 1990s The Internet is now used in every country by more than 2 billion people – on any number of devices. More than 590 million fixed broadband subscriptions globally. Global IP traffic has increased eightfold over the past 5 years. More than 350 Internet Exchange Points in North America, Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa are moving Internet traffic. Today

3. Interconnection Moves from Global (in US) to Regional © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 3

4. International IXPs: Evolving with the Internet Source: Michael Kende, Analysys Mason Limited © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 4 Global Internet traffic grows Need for efficient, cost effective way to exchange traffic Expansion of IXPs outside the U.S. IXPs: -Neutral, often nonprofits -More open to providers -More ways to send or receive traffic

5. International IXPs: Evolving with the Internet

6. Case Study on Benefits of IXP Interconnections: Kenya Source: Michael Kende, Analysys Mason Limited © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 6 BenefitKIXPSummary CostEliminated tromboning, which drops monthly fees for a 64 kb/s circuit from $3375 (international) to $200 (domestic) Saved local ISPs nearly $1.5 million per year on international connectivity charges LatencyReduced from 200–600ms to 2– 10ms Noticeable increase in performance for end users Local ContentMultiple content providers place cache in Kenya. Local content at faster speeds leads to increase in usage Increase in UsageLocal content at faster speeds improved access Helping to increase the mobile data market by at least $6 million per year e-governmentKenya Revenue Authority gathers taxes online Social benefits from e-government access to IXPs Other benefitsAn increasing amount of regional traffic exchanged at KIXP Further economic benefits resulting from IXPs

7. IP Traffic Growing Fast in Developing Countries : Continue Growth Trajectory with Cost and Performance Improvements © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. 7 22% CAGR 27% CAGR 31% CAGR 49% CAGR 39% CAGR 57% CAGR

8. Děkuji za pozornost filip.svab@att.com © 2012 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property.