1. High Power RFID Trials in Australia Gabriel Phillips, GS1 Australia

2. ©2005 GS1 2 Making our Vision a Reality GS1 Australia Member of GS1 International and one of 105 Member Organisations globally Administer & support the adoption of GS1 standards in Australia Current membership approximately 15,000 companies across 19 industries Supply Chain Knowledge Centre at Mt Waverley

3. ©2005 GS1 3 Making our Vision a Reality GS1 Purpose:- Improving the efficiency and visibility of supply and demand chains, globally and across sectors. Global standards for electronic business messaging Rapid, efficient & accurate business data exchange The environment for global data synchronisation Standardised, reliable data for effective business transactions Global standards for automatic identification Rapid and accurate item, asset or location identification Global standards for RFID-based identification More accurate, immediate and cost effective visibility of information

4. ©2005 GS1 4 Making our Vision a Reality What is RFID? Three Types of RFID Active Semi-Active Passive Only looking at Passive RFID The reader acts as a transmitter The tag is powered by this energy, responds at approx 1/1000 th power Selectively ‘reflects’ its ID number Same as a barcode, except using RF instead of laser Reader (transmitter and receiver combined) Tag (receiver and re-transmitter combined)

5. ©2005 GS1 5 Making our Vision a Reality Current Licensing arrangements Radiocommunications (Low Interference Potential Devices) Class Licence 2000

6. ©2005 GS1 6 Making our Vision a Reality Global Allocations of UHF RFID Need to consider performance 860870880890900910920930940 Europe (proposed) Europe (current) North America Australia Japan (RFID only) Freq (MHz) 4 Power (W)

7. ©2005 GS1 7 Making our Vision a Reality 4 Watts 1 Watt 2 metres 5.5 metres 5 metres RFID reader Why is 4 Watts essential?

8. ©2005 GS1 8 Making our Vision a Reality The 900 MHz Band RFID Is Here GSM Services Cordless phones RLAN’s Radiolocation Used by DoD CDMA Services Land Mobile Services Sound outside broadcast

9. ©2005 GS1 9 Making our Vision a Reality The problem with increasing to 4 Watts Class licence ensures services do not interfere Increasing to 4 Watts increases interference probabilities 4 Watt RFID output 1 Watt RFID output interference level 918 MHz 915 MHz

10. ©2005 GS1 10 Making our Vision a Reality The Way Forward First step was contacting the ACMA What is the business case for the new service Why is the new service required Impact on business if not implemented Capability to conform to regulations What is the spectrum implications Adjacent channel interference Co-channel interference

11. ©2005 GS1 11 Making our Vision a Reality Completed Initial Analysis Obtained complete characteristics of intended 4 Watt Devices Several devices Overall performance Identified Vodafone as the main service that may be affected Conducted analysis Deterministic – worst case scenario Probabilistic – Likely scenarios Provided report to the ACMA

12. ©2005 GS1 12 Making our Vision a Reality Scientific Licence Further information was required ACMA issued GS1 Australia with Scientific licence to run for 1 year From July 12th 2005 to July 11th 2006 4 Watts EIRP 920 – 926 MHz No interference/no protection GS1 to maintain database of all RFID sites Operator details Location Equipment Goal was to obtain enough data for analysis

13. ©2005 GS1 13 Making our Vision a Reality Sites

14. ©2005 GS1 14 Making our Vision a Reality Further testing More data was required Not enough sites Too few sites too close to GSM base stations Conducted lab testing with Vodafone Testing for: Blocking Interference Call quality Conducting field testing in likely scenarios RFID operating with several services Provide reports to ACMA for their analysis.

15. ©2005 GS1 15 Making our Vision a Reality Important Lessons learnt Obtaining a change to the LIPD class licence Work with ACMA Only happen if we have enough data Need participants to share information Need industry to follow the rules Allow time for due process

16. ©2005 GS1 16 Making our Vision a Reality Contact details GS1 Australia Axxess Corporate Park Unit 100/45 Gilby Rd Mt Waverley VIC 3149 T.+61 3 9558 9559 F.+61 3 9558 9551 E.gs1aust@gs1au.org W.www.gs1au.orgwww.gs1au.org Gabriel Phillips Standards Development Coordinator EPC Network D.+61 3 9550 3476 E.gphillips@gs1au.org