1. Chapter 14(B) The Expanding Struggle for Equal Rights

2. Civil Rights to Black Power
By 1966, the term “Black Power” had become a rallying cry for no more than 15 %
Beginning w/ Watts, the major race riots of 1965 & 1966 occurred largely outside the South
Malcolm X told blacks they should be proud of their race and started the term African American
Malcolm X

3. Martin Luther King Jr.
This lead MLK to decide to emphasize the need for economic uplift for the black urban poor.
This is what MLK was working on when he was assassinated in 1968

4. Rebellious Youths: the New Left
Tom Hayden and the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
Mario Savio and the free-speech movement
The Yippies & the 1968 Democratic Convention in Chicago
The Upset Middle-Class

5. Rebellious Youths: the Counterculture
They were direct descendants of the beats of the 1950s
Harvard professor Timothy Leary: “Tune in, Turn on, drop out.”
Long hair, jeans, tie-dyed shirts, sandals, drugs, rock, Asian mysticism, communes
The Hippie movement ultimately succumbed to commercialism

6. Feminism
1963 Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique: explained the unhappiness of many middle-class women
1966 the National Organization for Women (NOW)
1972 Title IX
1973 Roe v. Wade
1982 Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) fails

7. The Sexual Revolution
The most important factor behind the sexual revolution of the 1960s was the development of birth-control pills
Therefore, society became more tolerant of premarital sex and women became more sexually active.

8. Hispanic Rights & Cesar Chavez
The Bracero Program ends in 1964
Chavez had been a migrant laborer
In 1962, Chavez starts to United Farm Works
UFW used boycotts to pressure grape growers
Chavez was committed to nonviolent tactics
1975 CA legislature passes bill requiring growers to bargain collectively with farm workers

9. Native American Rights
Native Americans had the highest percentage of poverty in America
In 1963, The American Indian Movement began
200 Sioux occupied Wounded Knee in 1973
Indian activists discovered that their most effective tactic for change was taking legal action to force the government to adhere to old treaties
Inside Wounded Knee 1973

10. Gay Rights
In its earliest years, the gay rights movement emphasized the importance of gays “coming out”
By 1973 there were 800 gay organizations
But the conservative moralists and Christian Fundamentalists fought back and by the end of the 1970s it had lost momentum

11. The Chicano Movement
Hector Perez- worked for Mexican American Rights in Texas
Dolores Huerta- worked w/ Chavez and went on to work for women’s rights and received the Medal of Freedom in 2012.
These court case made gave equal rights to Mexican Americans
Mendez v. Westminster ISD
Delgado v. Bastrop ISD
Hernandez v. Texas
White v. Regester
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby