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THE AGE OF REASON WHEN REASON RULED THE WORLD: 1740-1800.

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Presentation on theme: "THE AGE OF REASON WHEN REASON RULED THE WORLD: 1740-1800."— Presentation transcript:

1 THE AGE OF REASON WHEN REASON RULED THE WORLD: 1740-1800

2 CHARACTERISTICS OF COLONIAL AMERICANS TINKERERS SELF-RELIANT INDEPENDENT PRACTICAL GENERALISTS ENVIRONMENT REQUIRED THESE TRAITS

3 BELIEFS/IDEAS FAITH IN RATIONALISM: ABILITY TO ARRIVE AT TRUTH THROUGH REASON SCIENCE/SCIENTIFIC METHOD ISAAC NEWTON, GALILEO, ETC

4 BELIEFS/IDEAS WORLD IS AN ORDERLY PLACE ORGANIZED AROUND NATURAL LAWS UNIVERSE IS CREATED BY GOD AND IS BY ITS NATURE GOOD

5 BELIEFS/IDEAS REASON: GODS SPECIAL GIFT TO MAN SO THAT HE CAN USE IT: FIND TRUTH SOLVE PROBLEMS DISCOVER GOD HIMSELF

6 BELIEFS/IDEAS HUMANS ARE GOOD INNATE ETHICAL SENSE PERFECTIBLE THROUGH APPLICATION OF REASON EVIL RESULTS WHEN EMOTIONS/PASSIONS OVERTAKE REASON

7 DEISM: A PHILOSOPHY, NOT A RELIGION CLOCKMAKER GOD CREATED WORLD AS A PERFECT MECHANISM RULED BY NATURAL LAWS HE DOES NOT EVER ACT IN HISTORY: NO SUCH THING AS PROVIDENCE LETS THE MACHINE WORK, LIKE A WOUND UP WATCH

8 DEISM: A PHILOSOPHY, NOT A RELIGION ONE DISCOVERS GOD BY APPLYING REASON TO THE WORLD AROUND YOU OBSERVATION=ORDER=NATURAL LAWS=DESIGN=DESIGNER=GOD GOD IS CAN BE DISCOVERED BY ALL AT ANY TIME THROUGH REASON

9 DEISM: A PHILOSOPHY, NOT A RELIGION GOD WANTS GOODNESS AND HAPPINESS FOR HIS PEOPLE SO, BEST WAY TO WORSHIP IS NOT TO PRAY IN CHURCH DO GOOD WORKS: HUMANITARIAN SOCIAL IMPROVEMENTS RESULTED HEAVEN/HELL DETERMINED BY YOUR ACTIONS ON EARTH

10 WHERE IT CAME FROM REACTIONS AGAINST PURITAN IRRATIONALITY, SUPERSTITION, IGNORANCE, AND PESSIMISM AND THE EVILS THAT CAME FROM THAT WITCH TRIALS PREDESTINATION GODS WRATHFULNESS HUMAN NATURE IS EVIL

11 WHERE IT CAME FROM NEO-CLASSICISM NEO=NEW CLASSICISM=ANCIENT GREECE RATIONAL THOUGHT OF ANTIQUITY COME BACK TO LIFE WASHINGTON D.C ARCHITECTURE

12 WEAKNESSES LACK OF FEELING CREATIVE WORKS BASED ON IMAGINATION ARE FEW PERHAPS OVERLY CONCERNED WITH PRACTICAL ISSUES

13 LITERATURE PAMPHLETS WERE HUGE AND PROFITABLE ESSAYS: USUALLY POLITICAL A FEW NOVELISTS: COOPER, IRVING LAST OF THE MOHICANS RIP VAN WINKLE

14 LASTING IMPACT TO BE RATIONAL IS STILL SEEN AS A COMPLIMENT COMMON SENSE IS STILL AN AMERICAN VALUE: TERM COINED BY THOMAS PAINE STILL SOMEWHAT SUSPICIOUS OF OVERT EMOTION SCHOOLS: CRITICAL THINKING AS OPPOSED TO CREATIVE THOUGHT

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