1. I N THE B EGINNING B Y J ANET W YMAN C OLEMAN AND E LIZABETH V. W ARREN B ASEBALL S MARTS B Y B ILL W ISE Scoring:

2. In the Beginning By Janet Wyman Coleman and Elizabeth V. Warren

3. 9 What is the most important idea the author presents in the selection In the Beginning? OA. Interest in baseball increased during the 1800s. OB. Factories began producing baseballs in the 1860s. OC. In the late 1800s, U.S. soldiers played baseball with Apache Indians. OD. In the 1840s and 1850s, many immigrants played baseball in New York. Grade: HS Strand and Target: IT19 Key: A

4. 10 Based on the information in the selection In the Beginning, what conclusion can the reader draw about the impact of baseball in America? OA. Baseball inspired young men to join the military. OB. Baseball was a model for other amateur sports. OC. Baseball was unappealing to immigrants. OD. Baseball acted as a unifying force. Grade: HS Strand and Target: IT20 Key: D

5. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. _____________________________________________________________ Grade: HS Strand and Target: IC12

6. 2A 2-point response accurately summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including three important ideas from the section. OR Provides a summarizing statement and two important ideas from the section. Example: Many immigrants came to the U.S. in the 1800s. They and others formed teams according to jobs. By 1857 there was a league of baseball players. OR Baseball changed a lot in the 1800s. Baseballs started being made out of horsehide and stuffed with rubber. The National Association of Base Ball Players was formed. 1A 1-point response partially summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including one or two important ideas from the section. OR Provides a summarizing statement and one important idea from the section. OR Provides a summarizing statement of the section.

7. Summarizing statements may include, but are not limited to: Throughout the 1800s baseball gained popularity. Baseball became more of a sport than just a hobby in the 1840s and 1850s. In the 1840s and 1850s, baseball really became known. Text-based important ideas may include, but are not limited to: A. In the 1840s and 1850s, thousands of ambitious young men left their families in Europe and immigrated to New York / many immigrants were proud to be Americans and wanted to play an American game / took jobs / discovered baseball B. Teams evolved out of different professions / shipbuilders pitched to firemen / undertakers caught fly balls hit by doctors / schoolteachers tagged out bartenders C. Baseballs couldnt be thrown very far / too light D. Doc Adams found a saddler who taught him how to sew horsehide / leather / pigskin and stuff it with rubber cuttings E. Doc Adams made the baseballs himself not only for our club but other clubs when they were organized F. Workers in the leather trade were producing / selling baseballs G. Baseballs had to be mass produced in factories H. In 1857, the Knickerbockers and fifteen other clubs that played by the same rules created a league / the National Association of Base Ball Players was formed I. Doc Adams was the president J. Baseball must continue to be an amateur game K. Money would be the ruination of baseball / players should never be paid

8. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. This response accurately summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including three important ideas from the section. A. …immigrants came over from Europe… C. The balls were too light… H. …founding of the NABBP 2

9. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. This response accurately summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including a summarizing statement and three important ideas from the section. Summarizing Statement: Throughout the 1800s, baseball gained popularity. Important Ideas: B. …organized teams by professions, and then played against each other. C. …balls being too light… G. …balls…were mass-produced. 2

10. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. This response accurately summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including three important ideas from the section. B. The first league was created in New York where your profession determined the team you were on. G. …mass production of baseballs… K. …...the idea that the players should never be paid to play... J. …it should remain an amateur game. 2

11. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. This response partially summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including one important idea from the section. C. …the ball was too light. 1

12. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. This response partially summarizes the section Everyone Wants to Play by including one important idea from the section. A. In the 1840s and 1850s many men went to New York to work as policemen, fireman. It was there, were they discovered baseball. 1

13. 11 Write a summary of the section Everyone Wants to Play. Include three important ideas from the section in your summary. 0 This response does not include a summarizing statement or any important ideas from the section.

14. Baseball Smarts By Bill Wise Baseball Smarts By Bill Wise

15. 12 Why did some players become convinced it was acceptable to use gloves? OA. Fans urged their favorite players to use gloves. OB. Players thought gloves made them appear tough. OC. Albert Spalding used a glove and he was well-respected. OD. Charlie Waitt designed a glove that was small and heavily padded. Grade: HS Strand and Target: IA17 Key: C

16. 13 What are two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding ? Include information from the selection Baseball Smarts in your answer. _____________________________________________________________ Grade: HS Strand and Target: IA16

17. 2A 2-point response includes text-based information to identify two differences between Charlie Watt and Albert Spalding. Example: Charlie Watt played for the St. Louis Stockings and Spalding added a thin layer of padding inside the glove. 1A 1-point response includes text-based information to identify one difference between Charlie Watt and Albert Spalding.

18. Text-based differences may include, but are not limited to: A. Waitt played for St. Louis Brown Stockings / Spalding played for Boston Red Stockings B. Waitt was a rookie outfielder / Spalding was a star pitcher C. Waitt takes an ordinary leather glove and cuts off the fingers / Waitt created the baseball glove / Spalding added a thin layer of padding inside the glove / Spalding made improvements to the glove D. Fans dont like Waitts idea / they think wearing a glove is a sign of weakness / Waitt ashamed to wear it / Waitt didnt care to attract attention / Spalding was highly respected, and his use of the glove convinced others t hat it was all right to wear one/ other players began to wear gloves E. Waitt played in 113 professional games / Waitt never spent more than one season with any team / Waitt was a journeyman ballplayer / Spalding went on to found Spalding Sporting Goods Company

19. 13 What are two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding? Include information from the selection Baseball Smarts in your answer. This response includes text-based information to identify four differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding. E. Waitt was considered a journeyman ballplayer,… B. …Spalding was a star pitcher… A. …Spalding…for the Boston Red Stockings. C. …Waitt created the glove, Spalding made improvements to the design 2

20. 13 What are two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding? Include information from the selection Baseball Smarts in your answer. This response includes text-based information to identify two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding. C. …Charlie Waitt started the invention of the baseball glove by taking a glove and cutting the fingers off…Albert Spalding furthered the invention of the glove by putting padding in the glove… E. …Albert Spalding…started the Spalding Sporting Goods Company. 2

21. 13 What are two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding? Include information from the selection Baseball Smarts in your answer. This response includes text-based information to identify one difference between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding. E. Charlie…moved from team to team. 1

22. 13 What are two differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding? Include information from the selection Baseball Smarts in your answer. This response does not include text-based information to identify differences between Charlie Waitt and Albert Spalding. 0

23. 14 What are the authors purposes for writing both selections? OA. To explain the development of professional baseball teams OB. To explain the popularity of baseball in the United States OC. To explain the development of baseball in the 1800s OD. To explain advances in the baseball glove Grade: HS Strand and Target: IT18 Key: C

24. 15 What is the main similarity between Doc Adams and Albert Spalding? OA. Both made baseball equipment. OB. Both used broomsticks for bats. OC. Both men started baseball leagues. OD. Both men were paid to play baseball. Grade: HS Strand and Target: IA16 Key: A

25. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. _____________________________________________________________ Grade: HS Strand and Target: IC11

26. 2A 2-point response provides one text-based detail from In the Beginning to explain the way baseball changed over time AND one text-based detail from Baseball Smarts to explain the way baseball changed over time. Example: Baseball changed over time. In the Beginning tells us that bats changed to carved and sanded pieces of ash or hickory, and Baseball Smarts says that Spalding added a thin layer of padding inside the glove. 1A 1-point response provides one text-based detail from In the Beginning to explain the way baseball changed over time OR Provides one text-based detail from Baseball Smarts to explain the way baseball changed over time.

27. Text-based details may include, but are not limited to: In the Beginning: A. Swinging a stick and / or tree limbs / broomsticks made great bats, as did large pieces of wood called wagon tongues / carved and sanded pieces of ash or hickory B. Walnuts wrapped in rags / rags, pieces of old mattress fabric or horsehide / baseballs couldnt be thrown very far / stuffed with rubber cuttings C. Balls made by hand / sewn by a ballplayers mother / Adams made the balls himself not only for our club but for other clubs when they were organized / workers in the leather trade were also producing and selling balls / mass produced in factories D. Soldiers enjoyed a game at Valley Forge during the Revolutionary War / Geronimo fielded a team of Apaches against the U.S. Army / thousands of young men discovered baseball / teams evolved out of different professions / Knickerbockers and fifteen other clubs that played / National Association of Base Ball Players was created / Sixty-two teams in various states / Baseball cards were created and circulated among fans / Baseball continues to grow in popularity in other parts of the world E. Money would be its ruination / players should never be paid / by 1869 players were paid / Admission was charged Baseball Smarts: AA. Played bare-handed / hold hands in shape of a box to keep the ball from hitting their palms / hands ached for days / get cuts, bruises, and even broken bones / banged-up fingers / hopes that the leather will reduce the sting / had it on to save his hand / far fewer injuries and errors as a result BB. Waitt takes an ordinary leather glove and cuts off the fingers / Spalding added a thin layer of padding inside the glove / catchers needed more protection / Harry Decker designed a heavily padded mitt in 1890 / wasnt nearly as big as todays catcher mitts, but it was a big improvement over the thin gloves worn by the rest of the fielders CC. Players and fans dont like Waitts idea / wearing a glove is a sign of weakness / ashamed to wear it / didnt care to attract attention / other players began to wear gloves / Spalding was highly respected, and his use of the glove convinced others that it was all right to wear gloves / some players even began to wear gloves on both hands / by 1896, every big-league player was using a glove

28. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. 2 This response provides one text-based detail from In the Beginning and two text-based details from Baseball Smarts to explain how baseball changed over time. In the Beginning: D. …in America, baseball remains a popular sport and continues to grow in popularity and in other parts of the world. Baseball Smarts: CC. …by 1896, every big league player was using a glove. AA. …far fewer injuries and errors as a result.

29. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. 2 This response provides two text-based details from In the Beginning and one text-based detail from Baseball Smarts to explain how baseball changed over time. Baseball Smarts: BB. …Waitt takes an ordinary leather glove and cuts off the fingers. AA. He hopes the leather will reduce the sting of the ball. In the Beginning: B. …found a saddler who taught him how to sew horsehide and stuff it with rubber cuttings,…

30. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. 2 This response provides one text-based detail from In the Beginning and one text-based detail from Baseball Smarts to explain how baseball changed over time. In the Beginning: D. …shipbuilders pitched firemen. Undertakers caught fly balls hit by doctors. Baseball Smarts: AA. …There were fare fewer injuries as a result.

31. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. This response provides one text-based detail from In the Beginning to explain how baseball changed over time. In the Beginning: C. …in the late 1860s baseball demand was So great that they had to be mass produced in Factories. 1

32. 1 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. This response provides one text-based detail from Baseball Smarts to explain how baseball changed over time. Baseball Smarts: BB. …Charlie Waitt put on a leather glove, cut the fingers off…

33. 16 Both selections explain how baseball changed over time. Provide one detail from In the Beginning and one detail from Baseball Smarts that support this idea. This response provides no text-based details to explain how baseball changed over time. 0

34. 17 Based on both selections, what inference can the readier make about Doc Adams and Charlie Waitt? OA. They were concerned about injuries baseball players suffered. OB. They were inventive people who found creative solutions to problems. OC. They were focused on making the game of baseball available to more people. OD. They were competitive people who wanted to change the rules of baseball. Grade: HS Strand and Target: IC13 Key: B