1. Assessment of Water Quality in James Brook, Groton, Massachusetts Bioassessment and Chemical Testing

2. Goals of the Study Assess change in the water quality of James Brook over time Evaluate the probably contributions of different non- point sources of pollution on water quality and ecosystem health Provide baseline work that will serve to evaluate a future restoration project

3. The Basic Model

4. Bioassessment: how it works Diversity Indices (limiting factors) –Simple Diversity –Shannon-Weiner Biotic Indices –Presence/Absence of Intolerant Species –Beck’s Index (many others exist)

5. Beck’s Biotic Index Class I Organisms (Sensitive or Intolerant) Class II Organisms (Facultative) Class III Organisms (Tolerant) BBI = 2 x (number of Class I Organisms) + (number of Class II Organisms) Why aren’t Class III organisms used?

6. Costs and Benefits Advantages Likely to identify effects of a broader range of pollutants Likely to identify pollutants discharged over time as opposed to the snapshot of chemical testing Less costly –Equipment –Training Disadvantages Does not identify specific pollutants Habitat and Ecological factors influence species distributions Will not indicate pollutants that have no effect on non-human Selection of groups for study is critical to valuable information

7. Chemical Testing Choice of Pollutants Watershed Analysis Indicator Pollutants Field Observation DO BOD pH Colorimetry Turbidity More sophisticated testing

8. Watershed Analysis

10. Indicator Pollutants Based on sources of pollution in the watershed –Residential –Agriculture and Forestry –Industrial –Roadways –Hazardous Waste Sites

11. Use of the Analysis in Planning http://www.nashuariverwatershed.org/5yr_plan/subbasins/ja mes.htm