1. Geomagnetism: Earth’s magnetic field Dipole Field

2. Strength of Earth’s magnetic field (nT)

3. Higher order poles

4. Power spectrum of Earth’s magnetic field

5. Inclination of Earth’s magnetic field

7. Inclination and Declination Inclination is related to latitude Declination depends on horizontal components

8. Declination of Earth’s magnetic field

9. Magnetic North Pole vs. time

10. Magnetic vs. Geographic coordinates Dipole drifts westward at: 0.044 - 0.14°/century (2500-8000 yr period) Non-dipole features drift westward at: 0.2 – 0.7°/century (550-1650 yr period)

11. Geomagnetic field strength is decreasing: Will fall to zero in the year 4000: The beginning of a reversal?

12. Paleomagnetism: Study of geomagnetic field vs. time Spinner magnetometer Astatic magnetometer Cryogenic magnetometer

13. Axial Geocentric Dipole Hypothesis:average over 10 4 years is geographic pole tan I = 2 tan λ Plio-Pleistocene paleomag poles

14. Calculating a paleomagnetic pole

16. Baked contact test

17. Reversals Test

18. Apparent Polar Wander paths

19. Paleo Reconstructions

20. Magnetic Reversals

21. Magnetic Reversals vs. Time