1. M. CARTER AMERICAN PAGEANT CH.1 Worlds Collide

2. Pre-Columbian Americas What were the Americas like prior to Spanish exploration? What did the land look like? What was life like?

4. Advanced agricultural communities based upon maize  Aztecs and Incas of Central and South America  Complex and Sophisticated societies Fed tens of millions Corn plantings spread into North America  Supported populations that has previously relied upon hunting and gathering

5. Three Sister Farming- combines planting of corn with squash and beans  Southeastern US  Increased population density

7. “Unlike the Europeans who would soon arrive with the presumption that humans had dominion over the earth and with the technologies to the very face of the land, the Native Americans had neither the desire nor the means to manipulate nature aggressively. They revered the physical world and endowed nature with spiritual properties” (Kennedy 10). What does this tell us about the differences between Native American and European farming practices?

8. Need for a new route to the West….  Desire to be the 1 st  Competition to travel more quickly and efficiently  Expense of the “middlemen” who charged tolls and taxes on goods

9. Christopher Columbus In 1492, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue……. Seeking a trade route to the Indies Landed in the Bahamas Misnamed the people Indians Exchange of goods between the “old world” and “new world”  Food, animals, plants, germs  Columbian Exchange

10. Columbian Exchange

12. Impact? “Perhaps three-fifths of the crops cultivated around the world today originated in the Americas” (Kennedy 15).

13. Spanish Conquistadores Why were these men so successful?

14. God, Gold, Glory! Balboa- Pacific Ocean Magellan- strait around southern point of S. America Ponce de Leon- Florida- gold- “fountain of youth” Coronado- SW- Seven Cities of Gold De Soto- gold Pizarro- conquest & destruction of Incas Cortes- conquest & destruction of Aztecs

15. Portuguese impact Institution of the plantation system Sugar plantations  Off the coast of Africa  Caribbean Islands Usage of slave labor Establishment of Africa as a source of cheap labor

16. Encomienda system An attempt to Christianize and “civilize” Indians

17. Bartolome de Las Casas Read pages 4-6 in The American Spirit “Bartolome de Las Casas Defends the Indians” (1552)

18. Were the natives exploited? What reaction do you have to this reading? Is this similar to Kennedy’s depiction or that of Zinn? What is the “Black Legend” ? Test tomorrow on all things related to CHAPTER 1 in Pageant.