1. Publishing and Interacting with Linked Data Roberto Garcia, Josep Maria Brunetti, Antonio López-Muzás, Juan Manuel Gimeno, Rosa Gil WIMS’11 Conference, May 25 th 2011, Sogndal, Norway HCI & Data Integration Research Group Universitat de Lleida, Spain

2. Overview Rhizomer Platform for Linked Data publishing (also Semantic Data) –Data access Read (LinkedData / SPARQL) Write (Semantic FORMS + HTTP PUT/POST/DEL) –Data sources Jena (File, MySQL, Postgres), Virtuoso, OWLIM,… –Interaction Overview: Navigation bars Filter: Facets Details: HTML+RDFa, Interaction Web Services (map, timeline,…) WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

3. Architecture Server part: –REST interface over repository GET: URI (LinkedData) or SPARQL Query PUT/POST/DELETE: data management Metadata Store Rhizomer GET PUT POST DEL search new edit delete WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

4. Architecture Scope of GET operations: –Concise Bounded Description (CBD) + rdfs:labels for all selected resources Scope of POST/PUT/DEL operations: –Concise Bounded Description DESCRIBE queries by default –Facilitate browsing heterogeneous data –Without a priori knowledge WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

5. Architecture DESCRIBE http://rhizomik.net/~rosa: CBD(…~rosa) = Fragment A U rdfs:labels Fragment A WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

6. Architecture RDF2HTML GET  RDF2HTML Butlletí Migdia 2007-03-23 http://www.segre.com/audio/20070323-bm.xml http://www.segre.com/audio/20070323-bm.mp3http://www.segre.com/audio/20070323-bm.xml http://www.segre.com/ audio/ 20070323-bm.mp3 a Audio titleButlletí Migdia date2007-03-23 genrepolitics transcripthttp://www.segre.com/audio/20070323-bm.xml Referrers http://rhizomik.net/.../NewsCodes-SubjectsOnto#11000000 a Subject labelpolitics description Local, regional, national and international exercise of power, or struggle for power, and the relationships between governing bodies and states. Referrers WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

7. Interacting Until now, Rhizomer like other Linked Data publishing tools… –HTML+RDFa and content negotiation –Useful for computers, but also for human users? User tests: –Typical questions: Where do I start? Where do I go now? What is this data about? –What do we offer? Text search, type URI, SPARQL query,… …but they do not answer end-users needs WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

8. Interacting Example: What to do with DBPedia? – 3.5 million things described Ontology: 257 classes y 1276 properties WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

9. Interacting – DBPedia main page does not provide too many clues... WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

10. Interacting SPARQL Endpoint: – select distinct(?c) (count(?i) as ?n) where {?i a ?c} order by desc(?n) cn http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing1668503 http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept632607 http://www.opengis.net/gml/_Feature571764 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Place462349 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Person363751 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Work355100 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/PopulatedPlace340443 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Settlement304370 http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person296595 http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Species168575 WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

11. Interacting Simple search – What to type? – A URI? URI label? – … WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

12. Interacting Advanced search: – iSparql WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

13. Information Architecture Proposal: adapt data interaction patterns [Shneiderman] and Information Architecture components [Morville] – Data structure: automate IA components – Scalable, dataset independent Interaction Patterns / IA Components – Overview --> navigation bars, site map Main classes (topics) and their organisation – Zoom & Filter--> facets, breadcrums Main properties and values, filter – Details --> HTML view, Object-Action Paradigm WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

14. AI Components Navigation Bars – Get hierarchical structure for dataset ontologies – For each class URI Label # instances Subclasses list – Flatten to desired # levels and elements / level Classes and namespaces whitelist and blacklist – Algorithm: When there is room, divide class with most instances When too many options, group classes with less instances WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

15. AI Components Navigation Bars 7 elements in “Species” submenu: WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

16. AI Components Navigation Bars WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

17. AI Components Navigation Bars WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

18. AI Components Navigation Bars WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

19. AI Components Navigation Bars WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

20. AI Components Navigation Bars WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

21. AI Components Navigation Bars Navigation bar provides overview for DBPedia… …but what to do with 12.334 birds now? WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

22. AI Components Facets Pre-compute list of facets for each class – Properties used in dataset instances descriptions – Facet metrics: frequency, #different values, more common value cardinality, entropy,… DBPedia Birds case: – http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Bird 12334 instances – 226 different properties http://dbpedia.org/ontology/kingdom, 100%, 3 values, 6846 (Animalia),… User unfolds facet, show 5 +common values – Filter, get more… WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

23. AI Components Facets WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

24. AI Components Facets Order facets by "utility” (work in progress): – Prefer common properties, high frequency – For values cardinality, discard extreme cases: Just 1 value for the property All different values, i.e. max. value cardinality = 1 – Prefer properties that evenly divide results, higher entropy Wine (Wine Ontology) WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

25. Interaction Object-Action WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

26. Interaction Object-Action Given a resource (object)… determine available services (actions) Services descriptions: –endPoint: service location –hasInput: ASK SPARQL Query Template Service applicable to any resource ASK is true –hasOutput: output content type WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

27. Interaction Object-Action WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

28. Conclusions Navigation menus  –dataset classes (topics) overview Facets  –per class properties and values overview, filter Details  –Generic view (HTML) + specific (map, timeline…) Users build queries without SPARQL or dataset structure knowledge WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

29. Future Work Facets: –type dependent facets (number ranges, dates,…), inverse properties, facets for facet values,… Other IA components: sitemap, breadcrumbs,… Assisted metadata edition –Recommend properties and values based on available ontologies and values More interaction services –Calendar –Plot… WIMS’11 Conference, May 25th 2011, Sogndal, Norway

30. Thank you for your attention More details: http://rhizomik.net/rhizomerhttp://rhizomik.net/rhizomer Contact: Roberto Garcia (roberto@rhizomik.net)roberto@rhizomik.net HCI & Data Integration Research Group Universitat de Lleida, Spain