1. Capital and Revenue (Receipts and Expenditure)

2. Objective Meaning and features of Capital and Revenue expenditure.
Classify the expenditure into Capital and Revenue.
Meaning and features of Capital and Revenue Receipts.
Classify receipts into Capital and Revenue.
Deferred Revenue Expenditure

3. Capital and Revenue Expenditure
The preparation of Trading Account, Profit and Loss a/c and Balance Sheet requires the knowledge of:
Revenue expenditure,
Revenue receipts,
Capital expenditure and
Capital receipts.

4. Difference between ‘Expense’ and ‘Expenditure’
If utility of payment is availed during the same accounting period –Expense
If utility of payment is availed for more than one year –Expenditure

5. Receipts - the actual amount of cash received.
Capital
Revenue

6. Revenue Receipts
Receipts generated out of routine business transactions
Earned by selling goods or services.
Available for meeting all day to day expenses of a business concern
Recurring in nature
E.g.
Sales proceeds received
Collection from debtors

7. Capital Receipts Do not arise due to normal course of business.
Non recurring in nature because not regularly earned by the business.
e.g.
Receipts from sale of fixed Assets
Receipts on account of raising of capital for business
Receipts on account of payments received towards debentures or other loan

8. Basis of Difference
Capital Receipts
Revenue Receipts
Source
Do not arise during the normal course of business.
Arise during the normal course of business.
Nature
Capital in nature and hence are not treated as items of income of the business.
Revenue in nature and hence are treated as items of income of the business.
Occurrence
These are of non-recurring in nature.
These are recurring in nature.
Examples:
Sale of fixed assets, and raising of loans
Sale of goods, rent from tenants, dividend received, etc.

9. Expenditure
Capital
Revenue
Deferred Revenue

10. Revenue Expenditure
Benefit of it will be available only up to one accounting year.
Doesn’t lead to enhancement of earning capacity of the business.
Incurred for regular business activities.
Recurring in nature
Part of Trading or Profit and Loss account.

11. Revenue Expenditure E.g.
Expenditure incurred on purchase of raw material.
Expenditure incurred on payment of wages, salaries, office expenses etc.
Expenditure incurred for the upkeep of an asset.

12. Capital Expenditure Incurred for getting the long term benefit.
Benefit not exhausted within one accounting year, available for number of year.
Incurred to enhance profit earning capacity of business.
Non recurring in nature.

13. Capital Expenditure E.g.
Expenditure incurred for construction, acquisition or purchase of fixed asset.
Expenditure for installation of fixed asset.
Expenditure incurred to acquire right to carry on the business.

14. Basis of Difference
Capital Expenditure
Revenue Expenditure
Purpose
Acquisition of fixed assets.
Incurred for maintenance of fixed assets.
Earning Capacity
It increases the earning capacity of business.
It helps in maintaining earning capacity of business.
Periodicity of benefit
Its benefits are spread over a number of years.
Its benefits accrue only in one accounting year.
Placement in financial statement.
Balance Sheet and shown as an item of asset.
Trading and P/L a/c and shown on debit side of either of the a/cs.
Occurrence of Expenditure
Non recurring in nature
Recurring expenditure.
Example:
Acquisition of fixed asset such as building, plant and machinery
Payment of Salaries, carriage etc

15. Deferred Revenue Expenditure
Expenses incurred during one accounting year but are applicable wholly or in part in future periods.
These expenditures are otherwise of a revenue nature.
Benefit is not confined to one accounting year - it extends to future accounting year or years also.
This expenditure does not result in the acquisition of any fixed asset.

16. E.g.
Expenditure incurred to the formation of a joint stock company i.e. Preliminary Expenses.
Expenditure on research and experiment connected with the introduction of a new product.
Heavy expenditure on advertisement for marketing a new product.
Expenditure on removal of business from one place to another place.

17. Whether expenditure is capital or revenue it depends upon its purpose and nature of business

18. Capital Profits and Losses:

19. Revenue Profits and Losses:

20. Difference between Revenue Expenditure and Capital Expenditure
Expenses incurred to run the business in one accounting period and the benefit of which is consumed in same accounting period.
Recurring in nature
Expenses not fully consumed within an accounting period, or which increase the earning capacity or decrease the future costs.
Non recurring in nature.

21. Difference between Revenue Expenditure and Deferred Revenue Expenditure
Benefit of these expenditure is exhausted in one accounting year.
Recurring expenditure.
Benefit of these expenditure is not exhausted in one accounting year.
Non recurring expenditure.