1. Ancient Egypt Language and Writing

2. Cursive hieroglyphs: a section of the Book of the Dead on the Papyrus of Ani, 19 th Dynasty (British Museum) Coptic alphabet Hieroglyphs, demotic, and Greek: the Rosetta Stone, 196 BCE (British Museum)

3. The Narmer Palette, 64 x 42 cm, from Hierokonpolis (Egyptian Museum) Hatshepsut’s cartouche The Rosetta Stone, detail with Ptolemy V’s cartouche

4. The Rosetta Stone and the Philae obelisk, 118-117 BCE (Kingston Lacy, Dorset, England) with cartouches of Ptolemy and Cleopatra Champollion's table of hieroglyphic phonetic characters with their demotic and Coptic equivalents (1822)

7. Lintel of the God’s Wife Amenardis, 740—656 BCE (Karnak, Temple of Amun) Scribal equipment New Kingdom seal ring: "The King's scribe, overseer of the harem, Ahmose" (Louvre)

8. Relief from Queen Tiye’s temple at Sedeinga, Sudan: the hieroglyph of Amun (top left) and the god's face were hacked out on orders of Akhenaten (1353-1336) and were later restored Anubis and Hathor welcome Tutankhamun (18 th Dyn); fresco, south wall of the burial chamber, Tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62)

10. Hieratic script: school copy of a letter to Vizier Khay (Royal Ontario Museum) Demotic script on the Rosetta Stone

11. Cursive hieroglyphs: a section of the Book of the Dead on the Papyrus of Ani, 19 th Dynasty (British Museum) Coptic alphabet Hieroglyphs: the Rosetta Stone, 196 BCE (British Museum)

13. Logograms Phonograms Determinatives uniconsonantal

14. The Narmer Palette, 64 x 42 cm, from Hierokonpolis (Egyptian Museum) Several inscribed bone tags from tomb U-j (Scorpion’s?) at Umm el-Qa’ab.

15. Palaeolithic700,000-7000 BCE Saharan Neolithic8800-4700 Early8800-6800 Middle6600-5100 Late5100-4700 Predynastic5300-3000 Lower Egypt Neolithic5300-4000 Maadi4000-3200 Upper Egypt Badarian4400-4000 Naqada I4000-3500 (Amratian) Naqada II3500-3200 (Gerzean) Naqada III3200-3000 (Dynasty 0) 1 ST Persian Period (27 th -30 th )525-404 2d Persian Period343-332 Ptolemaic Period332-30 Macedonian332-310 Ptolemaic305-30 Roman30 BCE-642 CE