1. African America Studies Starters

2. Starter 2/13/12 Write and answer Prior Knowledge Questions 1.What was Lincolns goal in the Civil War? 2.What document freed slaves in rebelling states? 3.What could happen to blacks fighting for the Union if they were captured by Confederate troops? What about white officers?

3. Emancipation Proclamation As early as 1849, Abraham Lincoln believed that slaves should be emancipated, advocating a program in which they would be freed gradually. Early in his presidency, still convinced that gradual emancipation was the best course, he tried to win over legislators. To gain support, he proposed that slave owners be compensated for giving up their "property." Support was not forthcoming. In September of 1862, after the Union's victory at Antietam, Lincoln issued a preliminary decree stating that, unless the rebellious states returned to the Union by January 1, freedom would be granted to slaves within those states. The decree also left room for a plan of compensated emancipation. No Confederate states took the offer, and on January 1 Lincoln presented the Emancipation Proclamation. The proclamation declared, "all persons held as slaves within any States, or designated part of the State, the people whereof shall be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free." The Emancipation Proclamation did not free all slaves in the United States. Rather, it declared free only those slaves living in states not under Union control. William Seward, Lincoln's secretary of state, commented, "We show our sympathy with slavery by emancipating slaves where we cannot reach them and holding them in bondage where we can set them free." Lincoln was fully aware of the irony, but he did not want to antagonize the slave states loyal to the Union by setting their slaves free. The proclamation allowed black soldiers to fight for the Union -- soldiers that were desperately needed. It also tied the issue of slavery directly to the war.

4. Starter 2/14/12 Read “Emancipation Proclamation” Write and answer the questions 1.What proposal did Abraham Lincoln make in trying to convince slave owners to free their slaves? 2.To what states did the Emancipation Proclamation apply to? 3.What was one effect of this proclamation?

5. The Fight for Equal Pay Even as they fought to end slavery in the Confederacy, African-American Union soldiers were fighting against another injustice as well. The U.S. Army paid black soldiers $10 a week (minus a clothing allowance, in some cases), while white soldiers got $3 more (plus a clothing allowance, in some cases). Congress passed a bill authorizing equal pay for black and white soldiers in 1864. By the time the war ended in 1865, about 180,000 black men had served as soldiers in the U.S. Army. This was about 10 percent of the total Union fighting force. Most—about 90,000—were former (or “contraband”) slaves from the Confederate states. About half of the rest were from the loyal border states, and the rest were free blacks from the North. Forty thousand black soldiers died in the war: 10,000 in battle and 30,000 from illness or infection.

6. 2/15 “Fight for Equal Pay” 1. Describe the difference in pay between a black soldier in the Union army and a white soldier in the Union army? (Don’t use numbers) 2. Of the 180,000 black men who served in the U.S. army during the civil war, what percent were former slaves? 3. How many of these solders died in the war?

7. 2/16 Prior Knowledge Questions 1.Who fought in the Civil War? 2.How was the Union able to sue runaway slaves to fight? 3.What slaves did the Emancipation Proclamation free? 4.What was the 54 th Massachusetes Regiment?

8. 2/17/12 “The Washington-Du Bois Debate” 1.How did W.E.B. Du Bois explain the success of Booker T. Washington’s approach? 2.What personal beliefs and values formed the foundation for Du Bois’s rejection of Washington’s teachings

9. Starter2/22/12 Atlas of African American History page. 121 “The “New Negro” 1.Looking at the Chart what trend do you notice about the pupil expenditure of students in the selected states? 2.Under “The Early Civil Rights Movement” what was key to advancing the interests of African Americans? (3)`

10. Starter 2/23/12 Atlas page 133 “The Great Migration” map 1.What region received the highest number of Migrating African Americans? 2.Why do you think many blacks were migrating to this region? 3.What were 2 major African American population centers and destinations?

11. Starter 2/27/12 Red U.S. History Book page 661 Write and answer 1.Along what river is Harlem located? 2.What jazz band became influential during the Harlem Renaissance? 3.Why did Harlem become the location for the Harlem Renaissance?

12. Starter 2/29 Atlas of AA History page 136 1.Define Minstrelsy 2.What is the historical significance of Swing? 3.Name one Bebop figure.

13. Starter 3/1/12 U.S. History book page 660 “The Harlem Renaissance Flowers in New York” Write and answer. 1.Where were some of the places that African Americans migrated from when they moved to Harlem, New York? 2.What name did James Weldon Johnson give to Harlem, New York? 3.What problems did the urban neighborhood face?

14. Starter 3/2 Answer the following questions…..do not write them. 1.Can the U.S. president be impeached ____ y/n 2.What does the FBI stand for? 3.What is a tribunal? 4.Prior to the adoption of the U.S. Constitution the collection of states were called______. 5.Can a state coin money with the consent of Congress? y/n 6.What officer of the U.S. is designated to be president of the Senate?

15. Starter 3/5 Atlas of African American History page 137 “The Great Depression” 1.Where did 80% of blacks live during the 1930’s? 2.Describe the effect of the Great Depression on Urban blacks. 3.What do you think it means by “it didn’t mean too much to the (black man), the Great American Depression, as you call it?”

16. “The Great Depression” 3/7/ 1.What was the effect of the Great Depression on Black farmers and share croppers? 2.What resistance did African Americans face while looking for employment during the Great Depression? 3.Who acted as a go between with the President and civil rights activists?