1. Safety

2. Four Simple Questions What are the hazards? What are the hazards? What are the worst things that could happen? What are the worst things that could happen? What do I need to be prepared? What do I need to be prepared? What are the prudent practices, protective facilities, and protective equipment needed to minimize the risks? What are the prudent practices, protective facilities, and protective equipment needed to minimize the risks?

3. What is wrong with this picture?

4. How might these problems be avoided? Teach students the proper procedures. Teach students the proper procedures. Model the proper procedure each and every time. Model the proper procedure each and every time. Establish and enforce safety procedures. Establish and enforce safety procedures. Use safety contracts. Use safety contracts.

5. How can you demonstrate your safety sense? Use safety contracts. Use safety contracts. Develop a school and system wide chemical hygiene plan. Develop a school and system wide chemical hygiene plan. Enforce your safety policy and document infractions. Enforce your safety policy and document infractions. Post safety information in your classroom. Post safety information in your classroom. Label safety equipment appropriately. Label safety equipment appropriately. Inspect, Correct, Document Inspect, Correct, Document Report & Investigate accidents and near misses Report & Investigate accidents and near misses

6. Hazardous Material Identification System (HMIS) Hazard Codes http://www.paint.org/hmis/index.cfm

7. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Code

8. Chemical Labels Fisher MDDS.htm

9. Chemical Labels PotNit.pdf

10. Chemical Labels

12. www.aircleansystems.net www.durhamgeo.com www.newton.dep.anl.gov/ york/eyewash.html www.chem.unl.edu/ safety/hslab12.html

13. Biohazards: What are they? ► Infectious agents or biologically derived infectious materials, which present or may present a risk to other living things, including humans. ► No high school level laboratory course should be dealing with infectious agents or potentially infectious materials! http://www.nsela.org/safesci18.htm

14. Biohazards: Examples Human, animal and plant pathogens: bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, rickettsiae, chlamydiae, toxins All human and animal blood, blood products, tissues and body fluids Cultured cells and potentially infectious agents these cells may contain Allergens Recombinant DNA products Clinical, necropsy and surgical specimens (tissues, fluids, etc.) www.irtc.org/.../stills/ 2001-10-31/bacteria.jpg

15. The Four BioSafety Levels BSL1: No known or minimal potential hazard of exposure to infectious agents BSL1: No known or minimal potential hazard of exposure to infectious agents BSL2: Moderate potential hazard/low risk of exposure to infectious agents BSL2: Moderate potential hazard/low risk of exposure to infectious agents BSL3: Moderate risk of exposure to agents that can cause serious or potentially lethal disease BSL3: Moderate risk of exposure to agents that can cause serious or potentially lethal disease BSL4: High individual risk of exposure to dangerous or exotic agents which cause life-threatening disease. BSL4: High individual risk of exposure to dangerous or exotic agents which cause life-threatening disease.

16. Which level is appropriate for high school? BSL1 BSL1 –microbiology and/or biotechnology. Based on safety equipment, practices, facility design and construction. Based on safety equipment, practices, facility design and construction. Labs are done with defined, characterized strains and viable microorganisms not known to cause disease in healthy humans; e.g. Bacillus subtilus, Naegleria gruberi; and exempt organisms under NIH Recombinant DNA guidelines. Labs are done with defined, characterized strains and viable microorganisms not known to cause disease in healthy humans; e.g. Bacillus subtilus, Naegleria gruberi; and exempt organisms under NIH Recombinant DNA guidelines. www.nature.com/genomics/ papers/b_subtilis.html

17. Safety: Primary Barriers 1. Special containment devices or equipment such as a biological safety cabinet are generally not required for manipulations of agents assigned to BSL1. 2. It is recommended that laboratory coats be worn to prevent contamination or soiling of street clothes. 3. Gloves must be worn, especially if the skin on the hands is broken or if a rash exists. 4. Protective eyewear must be worn for anticipated splashes of microorganisms or other hazardous materials to the face.

18. Safety: Secondary Barriers 1. Each laboratory contains a sink for hand washing. 2. The laboratory is designed so that it can be easily cleaned. Rugs in laboratories are not appropriate, and should not be used because proper decontamination following a spill is extremely difficult to achieve. 3. Bench tops are impervious to water and resistant to acids, alkalis, organic solvents, and moderate heat. 4. Laboratory furniture is sturdy. Spaces between benches, cabinets, and equipment are accessible for cleaning. 5. If the laboratory has windows that open, they are fitted with fly screens.

19. Remember the Code! Blood Bourne pathogens include viruses, bacteria, and parasites present in blood or other body fluids. This standard does cover special practices, access, warning signs, PPE, biosafety and training requirements. For the high school science laboratory, an Exposure Control Plan needs to be in Place (OSHA Code (29 CFR 1910.1030) BloodbornePathogens).