1. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Motorola’s Views for Migration and Co-existence of 3GPP2 Networks to Support Both IPv4 and IPv6

2. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 IPv6 Migration Goals Minimize Service Disruptions During Transition Use IPv6 Expanded Address Space –Each MS can be assigned permanent IP address Solves basic address availability problem Greatly simplifies Mobile Terminated Data Services Greatly simplifies operation of MIPv6 Utilize Standards in Migration –3GPP2 is likely to adopt IPv6 for the “All-IP” Network –IETF has developed several standards for migration from IPv4 to IPv6 Other Advantages –Efficient routing and auto configuration mechanisms –Mobile IPv6 – simplifies mobility support in PDSN (no FA for MIPv6)

3. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 IPv6 Migration Overview In Future: IPv6 will be implemented in mobiles, Core Networks, RAN and Transport Network –Issues primarily related to Core Network: Interoperation of IPv4 and IPv6 networks during migration Interoperation of IPv4 and IPv6 mobiles with IPv4 and IPv6 networks during and after migration Implementation of QoS mechanisms between IPv4 and IPv6 networks Interoperation of Mobile IP in IPv4 and IPv6 Application Level Gateway Requirements External Network RAN Networks Core Network Transport Network Border Router Border Router Access Gateway IPv6 IPv4

4. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 Introduction of IPv6 Requires Coexistence of IPv4 and IPv6 –Both IPv4 and IP6 mobiles assumed to reside in network –External networks assumed to include both IPv4 and IPv6 Timing of RAN and Transport Conversion Independent of use of IPv6 in Mobiles –RAN encapsulates PPP sessions between MS and PDSN RAN does not examine contents of PPP packets –BR at Transport Network Interface can perform either encapsulation or translation –No mapping from MS QoS labeling and RAN QoS mechanisms RAN QoS labeling determined during service negotiation Migration Begins at the Core Networks –Core Network must migrate to support IPv6 mobiles when introduced IPv6 mobiles Utilize existing IPv4 Applications IPv6 Migration Fundamentals

5. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 Migration at the Core Network –Enables IPv6 address space for mobiles –Minimizes changes in the existing network –IPv4 encapsulation of MS bearer across RAN Network –PDSN and AAA must support IPv4, IPv6, MIPv4 and MIPv6 –Protocol Translation in servers provides interworking between IPv6 mobiles and IPv4 services IPv6 at Core Network External Network IPv4 RAN Network IPv4 Core Network IPv6 Dual Stack Servers PPP Tunneling over IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 Internal Services (IPv6/IPv4) IPv6/IPv4) Border Router Border Router Dual Stack Routers or Protocol Translation at BR Transport Network (ATM/FR) Access Gateway IPv4/IPv6 over ATM/FR

6. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 RAN will use IPv4 –PPP Encapsulation makes RAN independent of MS IP version Dual Stack (IPv4 & IPv6) in Shared Devices –PDSN (upgraded from current PDSN) Terminates PPP for both IPv4 and IPv6 mobiles Supports MIPv6 address allocation for MIPv6 Performs BR functionality between RAN and Transport Network –Encapsulation or dual stack transport across Core Network –Maps QoS marking between RAN and Transport Network –Shared network devices (Core Network.) Common set of applications for IPv4 and IPv6 mobiles Dual Stack IPv4/IPv6 Encapsulation across Transport Network IPv6 at Core Network

7. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 Migration of Transport and RAN Networks –Continues to Support IPv4 and IPv6 mobiles –Complete IPv6 transport network (RAN, Edge) –Dual stack or IPv6 Encapsulation of IPv4 across Edge Networks –Transport Network may migrate to support MPLS MPLS mapping required at ingress nodes Includes PDSN and BRs IPv6 at Transport and RAN External Network IPv4 RAN Network IPv6 Core Network IPv6 Transport Network (MPLS) Dual Stack Servers PPP Tunneling over IPv6 IPv4/IPv6 over MPLS IPv6 IPv4 Internal Services (IPv6/IPv4) Border Router Border Router Dual Stack Routers or Protocol Translation at BR AccessGateway External Network IPv6

8. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 RAN will use IPv6 –PPP Encapsulation makes RAN independent of MS IP version Dual stack (IPv4 & IPv6) in shared devices –PDSN (upgraded from current PDSN) All previous functionality plus –MPLS Ingress node functionality –PPP/IPv6 –Shared core network devices No Change Encapsulation across Transport Network –IPv4 and IPv6 over I.e. MPLS –Mapping at PDSN and BRs IPv6 at Transport and RAN

9. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 Decision on IPv6 Migration of the RAN and Core Networks can be independent of the Edge Network Migration Decision –Driven by business strategy and performance issues –Transport and RAN could migrate before the Core Network but does not enable IPv6 mobiles External Network IPv4 RAN Network IPv6 Core Network IPv4 Transport Network IPv6 Access Gateway IPv4 Edge IPv6 Encapsulation PPP Tunneling Border Router Border Router Independent Core IPv6 Migration

10. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 Summary IPv6 Solves Limited Address Space Problem Core Networks Support IPv6 when IPv6 Mobiles introduced and Continue to Support IPv4 Mobiles –Dual stack IPv6/IPv4 introduced in Shared Network Devices Core Network Servers upgraded to support IPv6 in addition to IPv4 –Upgrade PDSN to support IPv6, MIPv6 in addition to IPv4 and MIPv4 –Core Network Routers IPv6 or IPv4 or Dual Stack Transport and RAN Networks Migrate Based on Business Case –Independent of IPv6 support in mobile –PDSN remains dual stack and MIPv4 as long as IPv4 mobiles are present –Choice of dual stack routers or IPv6 encapsulation for migration Decision based on performance and availability of IPv6

11. IPv6 and IPv4 Coexistence Wednesday, October 07, 2015 References RFC 2893 Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers RFC 2766 Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation (NAT-PT) RFC 2765 Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Algorithm (SIIT) RFC 2529 Transmission of IPv6 over IPv4 Domains without Explicit Tunnels RFC 2473 Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6 RFC 2185 Routing Aspects Of IPv6 Transition Draft RFC On overview of the introduction of IPv6 in the Internet Draft RFC Overview of Transition Techniques for IPv6-only to Talk to IPv4-only Communication