1. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 1 Which Standards are needed toward Future Wireline and Wireless IP Network ? Hee Chang Chung, Jun Kyun Choi heechang@nca.or.krheechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.krjkchoi@icu.ac.kr

2. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 2 Contents  Technical Aspects for NGN  QoS for NGN  Architectural Requirements for NGN  IPv6-based Control and Management Architecture of NGN  Harmony between E.164 and IPv6 Address  Conclusion

3. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 3 Technical Aspects for NGN – 1  Service and Application Aspects Acceptable migration of Data, Voice, Audio, Video and TV Broadcast Terminal/User/Service Mobility Billing according to SLA and Traffic Monitoring   Network Architecture Aspects Manageable and Reliable Internet Separation of User-Plane and Control-/Management- plane

4. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 4 Technical Aspects for NGN – 2  Routing and Packet Forwarding Aspects Network Intelligence using State Information Forwarding Control   Differentiated QoS Class Differentiated Resource Allocation at Switch and Router QoS Negotiation at Global Network Domain

5. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 5 Quality of Service for NGN

6. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 6 TE Mechanisms for Providing QoS  Reservation based (e.g., Connection-Oriented, ATM) Admission control Dynamic resource reservation Congestion control ATM, LDP/CR-LDP  Reservation-less (e.g., Connectionless, IP) Traffic classification Priority based treatment Differentiated Service

7. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 7 How to provide QoS/NP  Admission Control for Call, Connection, Flow, or Packet User aspects : Select dynamically for their preferences and application types Provider aspects: Guarantee the minimum, offer the average QoS  Bandwidth Allocation User aspects : Select dynamically based on acceptable billing Provider aspects: network performance according to Service and traffic classification  Buffer Management and Scheduling Algorithm Provider aspects: Buffer separation per virtual channel or per flow and scheduling algorithm according to service priority Converge between CO-TE and CL-TE Answer

8. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 8 Architectural Requirements for NGN

9. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 9 Technical Problems for NGN Architecture - 1  How to implement and manage network state information ?  Uniform architecture for naming, addressing and routing is possible ?  How to apply layer concepts of U-/C-/M-plane ?  Can we divide user flows and application types depending on network resource boundary or domain ? How to join each specific division and domain ? Could the user control (including join and leave) their boundaries ? Where is the security boundary or differentiated QoS boundary ? How to give fairness and how to solve congestion at each domain ? Where is the boundary of network management ?

10. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 10 Technical Problems for NGN Architecture - 2  Domain or Boundary Concepts for Single/Multiple Specific Capabilities of NGN According to geographical area or logical VPN group According to flow class and service priority According to resource allocation and resource usage rules According to management domain of specific protocol According to ownership and administration domain According to security boundary According to naming, addressing, and language

11. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 11 Technical Requirements for NGN Architecture - 1  General Requirements of NGN Architecture Interworking Existing networks must be interconnected Robustness For loss of networks Heterogeneity Consider a variety of networks including broadcast, satellite, and wireless/radio network Distributed Management Permit distributed management of its resources Ease of Attachment Permit host attachment with a low level of effort Accountability Resources must be accountable

12. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 12 Technical Requirements for NGN Architecture - 2  General Requirements of NGN Architecture (continued) Mobility User/Terminal/Service mobility, network mobility Policy-driven Network Management Intelligent Network/User Configuration Resource Allocation Rule Ability to allocate capacity among users and applications based on the acceptable charging  Resources are highly variable over short time scales For operational and governmental activities (i.e, emergency), it allocate the resource capacity based on priority  Prioritized reservation at on-demand time or reservation time

13. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 13 IPv6-based Control and Management Architecture of NGN

14. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 14 IPv6 Performance Issues - 1  Data Transfer Performance IPv6 Basic Header Processing Time Flow classification by traffic class and flow label, Hop Limit, etc.  Not acceptable at the existing IP router architecture Next Header Processing Performance Hop-by-Hop Options header (mainly urgently changing, alerting or diverting user flows) Destination Options header (transit) Routing header (for tunneling or changing the intermediate forwarding path) Fragment header Authentication header Encapsulating Security Payload header Destination Options header (final) Upper-layer header (TCP/UDP, etc.)

15. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 15 IPv6 Performance Issues - 2  Switching or Routing Performance Done only by IPv6 addresses (or by flow label) Done both by IPv6 addresses and flow label including IPv6 address (only routing prefix) including whole IPv6 address including EUI-64 identifier  Forwarding Performance for Mobile Users Handle Both Logical Address (e.g., Care-of-Address) and Physical Address (e,g, Home Address) at any time Look-up logic of forwarding table How to handle FA and HA functions including registration, advertisement as well as tunneling

16. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 16 IPv6 Performance Issues - 3  Control and Management Performance Independent on data transfer performance Sensitive to the hand-over performance for mobility on the forwarding look-up table What are the specific applications to tightly align control performance to user data transfer performances ? Security processing at the same data plane ?

17. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 17 Harmony between E.164 and IPv6 Address

18. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 18 Benefits to align Address Structure  National administrative boundary on IPv6 address structure  Easy conversion between Telco address and IPv6 address  Utilize the existing Transport Infrastructure for IPv6  Easy Binding of Telco address at the IPv6 DNS  Integration of Telco-based services and IP-based applications (i.e, VoIP, mobile phone, etc.)

19. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 19 How to Harmonize ?  How to get a Harmony between E.164 and IPv6 Step-wise migration of E.164 address and IPv6 address based on naming and directory service concept Integration of Existing Telephony, ISDN, Cellular Address, IMT-2000 address, and ATM address Dynamic address binding for User/Terminal/Service Mobility

20. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 20 A way to harmonize between E.164 and IPv6 site topology (16 bits) interface identifier (64 bits) public topology (45 bits) interface IDsubnetNLA*TLA 001 SubaddressSN NDC CC AFI 1 to 3 digits Max (15-n) digits 15 digits (8 octets) 1 octets 64 bits (8 octets)

21. heechang@nca.or.kr, jkchoi@icu.ac.kr 21 Conclusion Next Generation Network Today (Pessimistic) Today (Optimistic) ITU-T ITU-R Global Regional SDOs Tomorrow