1. Body of the Uterus Endometritis Adenomyosis Endometriosis Dysfunctional uterine bleeding Endometrial hyperplasia Endometrial polyps Leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas Endometrial carcinomas

2. Endometritis Clinical settings: Chronic gonorrheal pelvic disease(PID) Tuberculosis Retained Product of conception IUD Spontaneously

3. Chronic Endometritis Histologically, it is characterized by presence of chronic inflammatory cells primarily plasma cells.

4. Adenomyosis The presence of endometrial tissue (endometrial gland and/or stroma) within the substance of uterine myometrium The cause is unknown; it occurs in approximately 15% to 20% of uteri..

5. Adenomyosis Gross: Adenomyosis causes expansion (enlargement) of the uterine wall and may be visible on gross examination as numerous small cysts.

6. Adenomyosis Microscopic examination: irregular nests of endometrial stroma, with or without glands, are arranged within the myometrium, separated from the basalis by at least 2 to 3 mm.

7. Endometriosis the presence of endometrial glands or stroma in abnormal locations outside the uterus. It occurs in the following sites, in descending order of frequency: (1) ovaries; (2) uterine ligaments; (3) rectovaginal septum; (4) pelvic peritoneum; (5) laparotomy scars; and (6) rarely in the umbilicus, vagina, vulva, or appendix.

9. Endometriosis Gross Endometriosis of the ovary The ovaries may become markedly distorted by large cystic spaces (3 to 5 cm in diameter) filled with brown blood debris to form so- called chocolate cysts

10. Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) DUB is defined as abnormal bleeding in the presence of a functional disturbance rather than an organic lesion of the endometrium or uterus. Abnormal uterine bleeding could result of a well-defined organic lesion, such as submucosal leiomyoma, endometrial polyp, or endometrial adenocarcinoma

11. Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Three functional groups Anovulatory cycles Inadequate luteal phase Contraceptive induced bleeding