2. Linking Courseware to Library Resources Using OpenURL The Missing Link? CNI April 30, 2003 Oren Beit-Arie oren@exlibris-usa.com Linking Courseware to Library Resources Using OpenURL The Missing Link? CNI April 30, 2003 Oren Beit-Arie oren@exlibris-usa.com © Ex Libris (USA) Inc

3. OpenURL framework OpenURL Authoring tools OpenURL version 1.0 © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Topics

4. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc The Right Thing What do we want?

5. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL Framework Problem: How to provide context-sensitive links in a highly distributive and heterogeneous information landscape Solution: The OpenURL Framework: Introduction of a new component - Institutional Linking Server (such as SFX) OpenURL Specs – specs for interoperability between Info Resources and Linking Servers Van de Sompel, Herbert and Oren Beit-Arie. July, 2001. "Open Linking in the Scholarly Information Environment Using the OpenURL Framework." D-Lib Magazine. 7(3).

6. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc History of Linking I Source T a r g e t s OpenURL Linking Server User Specific A p p r o p r i a t e T a r g e t s Links to referenced works reference I Context Sensitive

7. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Full Text Who is a Source ? Any information Resource: subscribed/non- subscribed; electronic journals; databases, catalogs, local repositories, portals A&I e-print OPAC Library Portal Course Management environment – eg Reading Lists:

8. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Course Management Environment OpenURL The Right Thing

9. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc How do we make Sources OpenURL enabled? Typically, the application running the source does it What about “self-authored” web pages with citations (eg Reading lists)? Answer: Either through added technology in the relevant application (eg Course Ware) And/Or: OpenURL Authoring Tools

10. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Locating a Reference Through Discovery (Search) – Native Resources

11. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc A&I e-print Full Text Portal Citations Web Form Reference Manager Link Servers Are in the Heart OPAC Link Server

12. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Locating a Reference Through Discovery (Search) – Library Portal

13. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Locating a Reference Known citation

14. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc The Role of the Link Server Provides the right links Tool to Save the citation and to construct the OpenURL (either directly or through a reference- management tool)  consistency across all resources! Augmentation of missing information: -the reference might not include an ISSN, yet the Target link (eg the Full-text repository) will most certainly require it. -Abbreviated titles

15. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Maryam Alavi; Bradley C. Wheeler; Joseph S. Valacich, “Using IT to Reengineer Business Education: An Exploratory Investigation of Collaborative Telelearning,” MIS Quarterly, Vol. 19, No. 3, Special Issue on IS Curricula and Pedagogy. (Sep., 1995), pp. 293-312. The Role of the Link Server Missing data (eg ISSN) http://sfx.ulib.iupui.edu/sfx_local?gen re=article&issn=02767783&title=MIS%20Qu arterly&volume=19&issue=3&date=19950901 &atitle=Using%20IT%20to%20reengineer%20 business%20education%3A%20An%20explorat ory%20investigation%20of%20collaborativ e%2E%2E%2E&spage=293&sid=EBSCO:afh&pid= %3Cauthors%3EAlavi%2C%20Maryam%3BWheele r%2C%20Bradley%20C%2E%3C/authors%3E%3Cu i%3E9512120051%3C/ui%3E%3Cdate%3E199509 01%3C/date%3E%3Cdb%3Eafh%3C/db%3E

16. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc The Role of the Link Server

17. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Next Steps Personalization: different citation formats (MLA, APA, Chicago manual style,…) Push to courseware systems (API)

18. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL Transportation of Metadata and Identifiers about the referent (the referenced work) and (some of) the context of the reference

19. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL v0.1 Transportation of Metadata and Identifiers about the referent (the referenced work) and (some of) the context of the reference http://library.sfx.com/science? id=doi:10.101/12345-abc & genre=article & aulast=Menakes & aufirst = Randy & issn=12345678 & year = 2001 & volume = 2 & issue = 1 & spage=45 & pid = 76544 & sid = OCLC:firstsearch Referent Resolver Referrer More stuff

20. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL v0.1 Focused primarily on bibliographic information (j- articles, books..) Fixed Metadata for by-value transportation Title=…&aulast=…&atitle=…&issn=…&year=…&spage= …&…

21. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL v0.1 Limited in Scope (to Scholarly Information) Limited in Schemes (descriptions an entity) Limited in Context Entities ( only allowed for Referrent; Referer; Resolver) Limited in Encoding Options (only querystring) Not extensible… Van de Sompel, Herbert and Oren Beit-Arie. July/August 2001. “Generalizing the OpenURL framework beyond references to scholarly works: The Bison Futé model." D-Lib Magazine. 7(7).

22. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc Entities in OpenURL: Referent (the referenced work) Resolver (the OpenURL resolver/link server) Referrer (the information source) Requester (the user) Referring Entity (eg citing Article) ServiceType (what is requested) OpenURL v1.0 Context Object Descriptors: Identfiers By-Value Metadata By-Ref Metadata pid Encoding: key/value (querystring) XML Others… Transportation: HTTP GET/POST Others (SOAP; OAI- PMH…) Registry NISO AX: http://library.caltech.edu/openurl

23. © Ex Libris (USA) Inc OpenURL v1.0 OpenURL: A transportation mechanism of Context Objects using HTTP GET/POST Enables: More information about the context  more means to enable context sensitive and appropriate services Linking beyond the Scholarly Bibliographic Information domain: - Learning objects, Museum objects, Geo-spatial objects, video/audio,…

24. oren@exlibris-usa.com www.exlibrisgroup.com oren@exlibris-usa.com www.exlibrisgroup.com © Ex Libris (USA) Inc