1. RICHARD NICK KABULETA MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES SCALABLE APPROACHES TO IMPROVING TENURE SECURITY FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN UGANDA

2. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME 1.Land tenure situation in Kalangala district, Uganda 2.The oil palm smallholder scheme 3.The security of tenure problem in Kalangala 4.Implementation of the Social Tenure Domain Model in Kalangala 5.Preliminary outcomes 6.Challenges CONTENT

3. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME LAND TENURE SITUATION IN KALANGALA DISTRICT One of the districts in Buganda kingdom. Land reforms in Buganda kingdom in 1900 dividing the land into mailo (managed by the Kind) and crown land (managed by the protectorate government) Common land tenure systems in Kalangala are private mailo, public land, free hold and customery land Over 80% of Kalangala residents do not have documentation on land on which they live or earn a living from 1980 Census: 100% of the population rural 1991 Census: 8.4% of the population urban (55% male, 45% female) 2002 Census: 2015 Census: District has the highest sex ratio in the country

4. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME THE OIL PALM SMALLHOLDER SCHEME Project goal: Sustainable poverty reduction in the project area Development Objective: Increase the domestic production of vegetable oil and its by-products, thus  raising rural incomes for smallholder producers  Ensuring the supply of affordable vegetable oil products to Ugandan consumers and neighboring regional markets 1,610 smallholder farmers supported with 578 female (36%) 10,303 ha of oil palm planted (6,440 ha nucleus and 3,863 ha smallholder) 210 more smallholders to be supported by 2016 to plant another 837 ha. Over 1,510 ha of smallholder scheme mature; 34,107 mt of FFB harvested valued at USD 5.3 million. Smallholder loans of USD 13.9 million disbursed (cash and in-kind including seedlings, fertilizers, extension advise); USD 1.4 million recovered 250 kms of roads constructed Palm oil mill constructed; 3,210 people employed

5. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME THE SECURITY OF TENURE PROBLEM IN KALANGALA Estimated: 80-90% smallholders have no land titles for farms and homes Most farmers on private mailo land or public land recentry returned to the Kingdom of Buganda as “Kibanja holders” Majority of the kibanja owners just have kibanja agreements from the people they bought the kibanja from Many have no demarcation of boundaries of their bibanjas Many insecure: fear that land owners will reclaim their land anytime; resorting to selling off their use rights Where farmers want to negotiate with owners, lack of boundaries makes it very difficult, fear that the survey process is very expensive Value of land has increased by: USD 20 an acre in 1990 to USD 1,200 an acre in 2015). Increased value making it hard for those not yet harvesting to negotiate and buy the land. Strength of male dominance has led to some women handing over proceeds from their gardens to their husbands, some men marrying new women after earning from proceeds

6. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOCIAL TENURE DOMAIN MODEL (STDM) Farmer Driven Enumeration exercise being implemented by VODP 2 in partnership with GLTN/ UNHabitant Objectives:  Document farmers’ tenure rights and conflict mapping  Capture the impact of oil palm farming  Assess productivity of the palms in relation to farmers’ socio- economic factors Using appropriate and affordable geo-spatial technologies Mapping farmers gardens, homes and natural resources and the farmers’ tenure rights over each of these Enhancing project management and M&E Final out put: a software incorporating input – out put geo-referenced information on the smallholder farmers in Kalangala Easy validation of information thus allows for participatory M&E Practical, user friendly, adds value to project implementation and facilitates farmers and partners planning and learning exchange. Farmer leaders sensitized and leading the STDM implementation Acceptability of project due to farmer participation

7. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME EDITING FORM FOR ENTERING GARDEN INFORMATION DISPLAYED DURING THE SPATIAL DIGITIZATION PROCESS

8. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME PRELIMINARY OUTCOMES FROM THE STDM IMPLEMENTATION Estimation of the extent of tenure insecurity: planning and policy guidance Initiatives to improve tenure security initiated: negotiations with land owners Land rights highlighted: reduce of overlapping claims Contributed to initiatives on environmental protection: demarcation of forest land from farm land Identification of growth poles on the island: further planning and development Evidence of the land use changes: contribution to research on large scale investment Update of existing area shapefiles with farmer details Clear demarcation of boundaries: reduced land conflicts Better land use planning by households: food, palm oil, other household spaces

9. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME LESSONS LEARNED Transparency: quick buy in and subsequently ownership of the process by the community. Blocks not covered demanding to be covered Securing of farmers land rights: platform for negotiations, overlapping claims highlighted, initiatives to improve tenure security Farmers and extension workers can embrace technologies Implementation of STDM in the oil seeds project area, different opportunities, experiences Monitoring and evaluation: validation of beneficiaries, plans, budgets and performance of smallholders’ gardens Mapping technologies do not have to be expensive

10. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME PICTURES FROM THE FIELD

11. GLTN BRIEFING AND PROGRAMME

12. SCALABLE APPROACHES TO IMPROVING TENURE SECURITY FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN UGANDA NEED TO KNOW MORE? Presenter: Richard Nick Kabuleta Email: rnkabuleta@gmail.comrnkabuleta@gmail.com Skype: kabuleta Twitter: @KabuletaIV