1. Imperialism When a Stronger nation takes over a weaker nation’s economic, social and political life. What is Imperialism? What is the main drive behind imperialism? To gain control of a region’s natural resources and labor for economic profit

2. Ancient Imperial Powers Roman Empire Byzantine Empire Mongols

3. Roman Empire Caesar ruled around 48BC and introduced reforms to strengthen the Roman Republic. His murder was the end of the Roman Republic Augustus ruled after Caesar with absolute power led to the Pax Romana- 200 years peace The Pax Romana led to a number of achievements: -law (12 Tables) -Art -Aqueducts -Increased Trade -Roads (All Roads lead to Rome)

4. Byzantine Empire Eastern Part of the Roman Empire-survived after the fall of the Roman Empire Capital: Constantinople (Trading port) Peaked under Justinian= autocrat Achievements: -Law Code (based on Roman law) -engineering Hagia Sophia -Orthodox Christian Church

5. Wait for it… the MONGOLS Fierce Fighters who ruled most of the Eastern World including Russia, China and the Middle East. Mongols to know: -Genghis Khan- Unified an empire under his army -Akbar the Great- Ruled over India and was accepted by the people -Kublai Khan- Ruled over an empire including Russia and China Pax Mongolia- Silk road was made safe and trade thrived **The Mongols were fierce fighters but tolerant rulers. They allowed conquered areas to live as before, as long as they paid taxes**

6. New Imperialism Recent Imperialism from the 1700s to present day. British Empire (India) Europeans conquer Africa Japanese control South East Asia

7. British Empire “The Sun never sets on the British Empire”-conquered areas around world The “Brightest Jewel” was India- provided labor, cotton and Opium Positives: brought Western Education and technology like railroads Negatives: Destroyed Indian culture and made Indians Inferior. Forced Indians to grow Cash crops (opium) which caused Famines Destroyed Indian culture forbidding customs and traditions and forcing Soldiers to use fat dipped bullets (Sepoy Mutiny)

8. Europeans in Africa Berlin Conference 1884- split up Africa based on Geography and resources. Ignored Ethnic groups and rivalries Exploited African labor and resources until after WWII (1945) Affects to modern day: -Rwandan Genocide- Hutu and Tutsi (Movie: Hotel Rwanda) -Sudan Genocide- Muslims attack Christians (Movie: Lost Boys) -Political instability (Arab Spring) -Economically underdeveloped (lack industry)

9. Japan Isolated under the Tokugawa Shogunate Westernized during Meiji Restoration and needed resources- turned to imperialism of Korea, Manchuria and China Ruled much of Southeast Asia until WWII ended 4:54-9:21 *open letter- Public education*

10. Conflict Many subjugated nations attempted to be rid of foreign rulers: Sepoy Mutiny- Indians against British Boxer Rebellion- Chinese against US, British, Germans