1. Religion in Aus Pre-1945
Year 11 SOR

2. Key Terms
Atheist- Person who denies or does not believe in the existence of God
Agnostic- Person who holds the view that you can neither prove/disprove the existence of God
Diocese- Region administered by a Bishop
Doctrine- Moral or Religious Principles taught by a particular group
Established Church- Church recognised by the government as the official, supported Church
Parish- Geographical region centred on a particular Church
Protestantism- General term, those breaking away at the Reformation, 16th century. Also refers to the protesting churches in England- 18th/19th Centuries
Sectarianism- Excessive devotion to a particular religious denomination
Synod- Church delegates convene to discuss/decide Church affairs

3. Syllabus- Entire Unit
Arrival and Establishment of Christianity and 2 other religious traditions in Australia
Issues Related to the development of Christianity in Australia pre-1945:
Sectarianism
Social Welfare
The Contribution of ONE religious tradition in Australia to each of the following pre-1945:
Rural and Outback Communities
Education
Public Morality

4. Context Religion- Established 1788? Indigenous Australians?
Christianity- British but not unified
Australians- White, Spoke English, either Anglican, Protestant or Catholic
Perception Change-1945

5. The First Fleet Australia’s First Christians
2/3 Church of England (+ Protestant Variants), 1/3 Catholic
Chaplain- Rev Richard Johnson
The Established Church?
CoE- Only Clergy in community
Catholics- Essentially Atheists
Gov Arthur Phillip-Forced attendance at CoE worship- Issues?
EC- Church of England- Funded and supported by authority, given legislative power

6. Early Developments 1798- Methodist Missionaries welcomed
First Catholic Mass- Father James Dixon, 1803
Father Dixon banned from performing mass Irish rebellion in Castle Hill
Census k pop. CoE/Protestant/ Catholic (99%), Jewish, ‘Mohammedans (Muslim), Pagans
Census % CoE, 24% Catholic, 13% Presbyterian, 8% Methodist, 0.5% Jewish, 12% Other

7. Church of England First Chaplain?
Established Church- Financially supported and enforced (Local Gov and Mother Gov)
First Church- St Johns, Parramatta- 1803
William Broughton- First Bishop: 1836
Synods Developed from Adelaide/Melb/Sydney
Rev Richard Johnson

8. Catholic Church

9. Catholic Church Irish Convicts- 1/3 of First Fleet
1798- More Irish Convicts transported- Rebellion
Rebellion- RELIGION! Catholic v Protestant
First Mass?
N Ireland- Protestant
S Ireland- Catholic
Father James Dixon 1903

10. Catholic Church
Father John Therry- Adviser, Banker, Confidant Irish Cath. Comm 1820
First Bishop- John Polding
Caroline Chisolm- Sydney Hostel for Catholics 1856
1860s- 12 Religious Orders
1857- Good Samaritan Sisters
1866- Sisters of St Joseph
Foundation of St Mary’s Cathedral
Sisters of St Joseph? Mary MacKillop- Established Catholic teaching facilities- South Aus. Religious leader who established Christianity in Aus, supplied social and educational resources. Australia’s first Saint

11. Catholic Church 1893- State funding abolished- Church Schools
1870s +- Independent Education System: Religious Foundation
1890s- St Vincent De Paul Society
Population
First Fleet- Irish Catholics
1850s/90s- Italian Gold Miners
By WW Irish Migrants
St Vincent De Paul- Social Welfare, 26 Branches by 1895

12. Task
1)Explore the concept of the “Established Church”. Why would this be important- Use Examples
2) Identify 1 significant person who helped establish Christianity within Australia. How did they contribute to the development.

13. Nonconformist Churches
1798- Methodist/Congregationalist missionaries arrived
1810- William Crook- First service
1817- First Methodist Chapel- Western Sydney
Active establishers of Churches, Schools, Hospitals
1882- Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Unrest in Pacific Islands- methodist missionaries
WCTU- Political Organisation- Social Issues eg eliminating alcohol, improving family life, voting rights- femal suffrage.

14. Presbyterianism Scottish Origin- Mid 1600s
1795- Thomas Muir: Scottish Convict held first service
1823- Arrival ofJohn Lang- Minister, Established Scots Church
Initiated Scottish Migration- Tradesmen
Plotted against CoE and Catholics
1831- John McGarvey (And Brother William)- Minuster Founded the SMH! (FunFact!)
Strong Observers of the Sabbath
Very Cynical- Claimed the Pope was a man of sin, and Caroline Chisholm was putting on a show to take over Australia

15. Greek Orthodox Small Minority
1818- Part of early Gold Rushes (Sydney Gazette)
1898- First Church- Surry Hills, NSW
1924- First Bishop- Christophoros
Remained a very small minority until post WW2

16. Other Religious Traditions- Resistance To….
Immigration Restriction Act- 1901
White Australia Policy- Dictation Test
First Aus Pm? “The Doctrine of the equality of man was never intended to apply to the equality of the Englishman and the Chinaman”
Resentment in 1860s- Chinese miners undercut “White” labour prices
Migrants- Christians only.
Edmund Barton- 1901
Dictation Test- 50 words or more in a European Language. Aimed to exlcude coloured people

17. Buddhism Officially arrived-Chinese Goldfield Miners- 1850s.
Chinese Tea Cups Cape York- QLD- Appx 2000 years old!
% of population.
1870s- First Buddhist Community in QLD- Sri Lankan: Sugar Plantations
1890s- Temple Built on Thursday Island
1911- Population only 0.07%... Why?
1925- Buddhist Society Developed
Deported- Immigration Restriction Act

18. Islam
16th Century- Indonesian Fishermen: Graves facing Mecca/Aboriginal Cave Paintings
1860- Camel Drivers- Afghan,Pakistani, Turkish: Inland exploration
Burke and Willis!- 3 Afghans accompanied
First Mosque- Marree SA 1882 (Date not Exact)
pop, pop.
Burke and Willis Exped- Melbourne to Gulf of Carpentaria QLD

19. Islam

20. Task
Identify the origins and development of 1 Variant of Christianity (Except CoE) and 1 other Religious Tradition in Australia. What Challenges did these groups face in Australia?

21. Home Work (No Class Friday)
Read Page on Sectarianism
Questions 1-3
Be Good to Mum/Dad