1. ICECS, Athens – December 15th 2010
On the receiver system feasibility for mobile DVB – S applications in the Ku – Band (10.7 – GHz)
An Introduction to the Design methodology
A. Fouque 1, J – B. Bégueret 1, Y. Deval 1, D. Belot 2
1 IMS Laboratory – University of Bordeaux, France
2 Innovation & Collaborative Research, STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France
ICECS, Athens – December 15th 2010

2. Outline
Satellite
Objectives :
Contribution to the design of a low cost and low power Front – End to receive Digital Television on mobile handhelds ( laptop, multimedia player … )
Terminals
Contents :
Context and Motivations
Presentation of the suggested demonstrator
DVB – S standard and the system specifications
Front – End feasibility
Conclusion and perspectives
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque

3. Satellite Earth Station
How to receive TV on mobile devices ? ( 1 / 2 )
Satellite
Satellite Earth Station MM
Contents
Primary
Distribution
Network
IPDC
Head
End
Terrestrial Repeater
Broadcaster
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

4. Satellite Earth Station
How to receive TV on mobile devices ? ( 2 / 2 )
Satellite
Terminals
Satellite Earth Station MM
Contents
Primary
Distribution
Network
IPDC
Head
End
Terrestrial Repeater
Broadcaster
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

5. “ TV to Mobile ” : a lot of suitors ( standards ) !
10.5 – GHz
DMB – T
( GB20600 – 2006 )
CMMB
( sTiMi )
Mobile DVB – S
DVB – SH
( DVB – H )
T – DMB
( S – DMB )
ISDB – T
( OneSeg )
Mobile
Telecom
Above
1 GHz
Below
Terrestrial
& Satellite
Broadcast
Terrestrial Broadcast
DVB – H
( DVB – T )
S – DMB
( T – DMB )
MediaFLO
( Qualcomm )
UMTS
MBMS / HSDPA
ATSC M / H
( ATSC )
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

6. Why satellite reception on mobile devices ?
Advantages for receiving television via the Satellite :
Diversity of TV programs ( hundreds of digital channels )
Optimum quality of digital sound and video
Availability of High Definition ( HD ) broadcast programs
Coverage of the whole European area
Advantages of mobile television :
Watching TV in motion ( in a car, a train … )
Watching live broadcasts without staying at home
Having a light, compact device which allows the user to bring it whenever and wherever he wants.
 Mobile television : its development is in going with great perspectives and future …
Terminals
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

7. Mobile application issues and requirements
Propagation environment :
Multipath from terrestrial reflections
Interferences and fading
Doppler Effect
 Optimal reception whatever the conditions
Mobile application requirements :
High level of integration ( compact )
High flexibility
Low power consumption
Low cost
 Architecture and design improvements
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

8. Overall system description
A classical receiver :
Not appropriated for the targeted applications :
high power consumption due to the use of 2 converters
high cost
large area
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

9. Overall system description
The suggested demonstrator :
To overcome the environmental problems : multi – path , lack of information, noisy signal, losses
To meet the DVB – S requirements
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

10. Overall system description
N – Array Antenna : Receive multiple signals
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

11. Overall system description
N – Array Antenna : Receive multiple signals
RF Front – End : Downconvert and recover the desired information
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

12. Overall system description
N – Array Antenna : Receive multiple signals
RF Front – End : Downconvert and recover the desired information
Analog Processor [ 1 ]: - Calibrate the Front – End
- Select the channel and demodulate the signal to baseband
 SASP ~ Filter and Mixer behavior
[ 1 ] F. Rivet, Y. Deval, J-B. Bégueret, D. Dallet, P. Cathelin, D. Belot, “The first experimental demonstration of a SASP-based full Software Radio receiver”, pp. 25 – 28, RFIC 2009
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

13. Overall system description
N – Array Antenna : Receive multiple signals
RF Front – End : Downconvert and recover the desired information
ADC converter : Finalize the Digital Signal Processing
Analog Processor [ 1 ] : - Calibrate the Front – End
- Select the channel and demodulate the signal to baseband
 SASP ~ Filter and Mixer behavior
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

14. Overall system description
 This work
RF Front – End : Downconvert and recover the desired information
 Innovative system due to phased array solutions, analog calibration, channel selection and baseband demodulation !
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

15. DVB – S standard specifications
Parameter
Value
RF band
LB : 10.7 – 11.7 GHz HB : 11.7 – GHz
IF band
LB : 0.95 – 1.95 GHz HB : 1.1 – 2.15 GHz
LO frequencies
LB : 9.75 GHz
HB : 10.6 GHz
Conversion Gain
56 dB
In-band gain variation
± 4 dB
SSB Noise Figure
0.6 dB
Output IP3
+ 15 dBm
LO Phase Noise
– 95 dBc / 100 kHz
Characteristics of Digital broadcasting systems using satellite :
large frequency band to be received ( 1 – 2 GHz )
high channels selectivity ( many unwanted channel interferers )
 5 or 6 transponders around 11.7 GHz : system bandwidth = 200 MHz
source : T. Copani, «A 12-GHz Silicon Bipolar Dual-Conversion Receiver for Digital Satellite Applications» , JSSC, vol. 40, N°6, June 2005
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

16. Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
How to study the feasibility of the mobile HDTV Front – End ?
Select the components nature and parameters
Simulate the system performances ( Power Gain, Noise Figure, Linearity … )  To meet DVB – S requirements
Solve issues from the thinking about the system feasibility
Realize the design of critical blocks
Set – up for the receiver simulation :
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

17. Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Diversity principle
 Phased array block diagram with N active elements
Combining signals coherently
Combining noisy sources incoherently ( decorrelated sources )
Diversity principle
Simplified Front – End
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

18. Receiver Power analysis
Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Receiver Power analysis
Output power ( linear ) expressed as :
Theoretical total gain such as :
for a N – array receiver ( here, N = 8 )
where comb_c : coupling coefficients Gn : gain of each receiver
N : number of receivers
where Pin , Out : total Input / Output power ( dBm )
Simulated Total gain VS. the system parameters :
Total gain
with
Gain_mix = 10 dB
Gain_LNA = 21 dB
 G = 31 dB
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

19. Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Receiver Noise analysis ( 1 / 2 )
Friis formula expressed as :
for a single receiver
Theoretical total NF defined as :
for a N – array receiver ( here, N = 8 )
Target NF = 0.6 dB
where : (S/N)In , Out : Input / Output Signal to Noise ratios ( dB )
Simulated Noise Figure (NF) VS. the system parameters :
with
G_LNA = 21 dB
G_mix = 10 dB
 attainable with CMOS technology
total NF Є [ 4 ; 5 ] dB with noisy antenna source
total NF Є [ 3 ; 4 ] dB with noiseless antenna source 
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

20. Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Receiver Noise analysis ( 2 / 2 )
Friis formula expressed as :
for 1 path
Theoretical total NF defined as :
for a N – array receiver ( N = 8 )
Target NF = 0.6 dB
Simulated Noise Figure ( NF ) VS. the system parameters :
with
NF_LNA = 4 dB
NF_mix = 9 dB
when G_LNA > = 21 dB
total NF ~ ~ 7 dB with noisy antenna source
total NF ~ ~ 5 dB with noiseless antenna source
Conclusion about the receiver noise analysis :
Difficulty to meet the noise requirements :
issue to be solved with design improvements and / or an additional block after downconversion
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

21. Receiver Linearity analysis
Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Receiver Linearity analysis
Total IIP3 expressed as :
for 1 path
for a N-array receiver
( N = 8 )
Total IIP3 VS. the system parameters :
Target IIP3 = – 41 dBm
optimal total IIP3
with
Gain_mix = 10 dB
IIP3_LNA = – 10 dBm
 IIP3 = – 26 dBm
 Improvement of the linearity thanks to diversity techniques …
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

22. Methodology for studying the feasibility of the Front – End
Sum – up of the values for the overall system
Gain improvement by 10 * log( N )
OIP3 improvement by 10 * log( N ² )
NF unchanged
Parameter
LNA
Mixer
One receiver
Eight Receivers
Gain ( dB ) 21 10 31 40
SSB Noise Figure ( dB ) 4 9
~ 5
Input IP3 ( dBm )
– 10
– 5
– 26
– 17
Target Gain = 56 dB 
Target IIP3 = – 41 dBm 
Target NF = 0.6 dB 
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

23. Conclusion and Perspectives
Status of this work :
Feasibility of the suggested demonstrator in spite of some thinking about its implementation
First prototype of antennas with promising first results
Impossible to meet noise requirements because of technology limitations despite the increase of antennas number
 Solution : to be improved with design enhancements and / or an additional block for reducing noise Average during the analog sampling ( patent pending )
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion

24. An Introduction to the Design methodology
On the receiver system feasibility for mobile DVB –S applications in the Ku – Band ( 10.7 – GHz )
An Introduction to the Design methodology
Thank you
for your attention !
ICECS 2010 A. Fouque
Demonstrator
Context
Specifications
Feasibility
Conclusion