1. July 29, 2004 IceTop DAQ D. Seckel

2. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Outline II = {tasks for InIce DAQ} IT = {tasks for IceTop DAQ} A = IT  II B =    IT dt C ritical = A  B Status(C)

3. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceCube DAQ Architecture IceTop Data Handler II

4. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop Science Calibration: x, E,  (  bundles) Validation * : tag 5% of atmospheric-  Veto: 1 km 2 sr, E > 100 TeV Cosmic ray & particle physics * In-Ice trigger (IceTop data sub-threshold) IT

5. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Event types IT

6. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop Station Schematic IT To DAQ IceCube Drill Hole HG LG Junction box 25 m Two Ice Tanks 3.6 m 2 x 90 cm TwoDOMs: 10” PMT High Gain w/station coincidence: 1 p.e.resol Low Gain: 1  resol 10 m

7. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Data Types & Rates Single “Tank hits” (Muons +  e > E 1 = 30 [tbd] MeV) –status (1), time (5), fit parameters(8) – 14 bytes –2500 Hz * 14 B = 35 KBps/DOM Coincident Tanks: “Station hits” (2 x  e > E 2 = 30 [tbd] MeV) –Check for local coincidence (two tanks) –R showers ~ 50-100 Hz –R uncorrelated coincidence ~ 1.25 Hz (For 2500 Hz, 100 ns) –Mostly simple fits < 1 KBps/DOM Waveforms –95% consistent with impulsive event: FX data only –5% not impulsive, return compressed waveform: CWF ~ 100 B rate 125 Hz + Scaled selection of minimum bias events ~ 10 Hz 200 Hz * 100 B = 20 KBps/DOM Total: 35+20 = 55 < 100 IT

8. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Requirements IT

9. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop DAQ components IceTop Data Handler IceTop Data Handler HG DOM LG DOM Tank 1 LG DOM HG DOM Tank 2 Station 1 Station 2 Station 80 DOM Hubs (10) IceTop Data Handler (IDH) Shower Trigger........ Global Trigger InIce DATA InIce Trig.Gen. On line Hor. Sh. Trigger Common Event Builder DAQ Control Monitoring DOMs (320) 100 kB/s 32 MB/s 10 Hz Priority/calib. Trig. IT

10. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop DAQ Development Pre-DAQ Design & Test FPGA IDH & Triggers Review Components Deliver algorithms/data formats/implementations IceTop DAQ v1 Initial Design Interface with In-Ice FPGA Implement and bench test SW – inc. IDH & Triggers Test at UD-station Assessment 8-31-2004 Requirements Acquire Test Data Digital design Design  Firmware Bench test FPGA Acquire DAQ Simulation SPE, muon, shower High Gain, Low Gain Coincidence logic UD Test } 4 months IceTop DAQ v1.1 Monitoring Calibration 5-31-2005 7-31-2005 IceTop DAQ v2 Design Review Build Test at UD-station Station test at Pole Array test at Pole 2-28-2006 In-Ice/IceTop Integrated DAQ CONUS tests Tests at Pole Acceptance Milestone 6-30-2006 PY-03 Pole-DAQ Requirements Modify In-Ice DAQ Test at UD-station Review (9-1-04) Install & Test Deliver 1-31-2005 Iterate Annually IT

11. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel A = IT  II Hardware Logic –DOM FPGA DOMApp –Counting House IDH IceTop Triggers DOMHub/Global Trigger/Event Builder Testing A

12. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Hardware DOM –Thermal control (see Tilav) –Cables, penetrators, connectors DOM components –PMT, Delay, MB, … - all ok –Flasher – ok for yr 1 Counting House –DOM Hub: configuration changes –IDH/Triggers … Standard components. Performance/capacity may drive some changes. A

13. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel FPGA Build on InIce implementation Data volume reduction –Feature extraction –Coincidence Special modes (e.g. single pe) Separate version for Low Gain DOMs –Focus on FADC A

14. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop FPGA DateTaskResources 3/2002Proof of concept2001 test tank Altera dev. tools 11/2002Practical StudiesString 18 Data 2-5/2004Digital DesignUD: Bench test DOM UD: Test station Pole: 03/04 Tanks 5-8/2004ImplementationAltera dev. tools UD: bench & station 9/2004 - 1/2005 Integration w/in-ice FPGA & DOM App Development: support from DAQ (1.3.3). Testing: at UD Rate + Bandwidth   : Advanced feature recognition Rate + Livetime  2-level trigger, fast ATWD decision 10 ns + synch. trigger  Advanced feature recognition Projection of muon waveform onto four basis functions & reconstruction. Projection of string-18 SPE waveform w/pedestal & reconstruction. Shower vs Background  e + e –  : 2-tank coincidence A

15. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel FX algorithm (based on string 18) Determine status (ATWD, co-in, trigger, …) Capture waveform –Subtract ATWD pedestal –Subtract trigger pedestal –Shift peak (  t) –Normalize (A =  i w i 2 Project onto 3-basis functions Check quality Return(t 0,  t, status, c i, A) –4,1,1,6,2 - 14 bytes A

16. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel FPGA flow I Waveform Buffer D1 Start Ping-Pong Acquire I Acquire II Busy Inc. Counter Get Time D2 ? Start Acquire Waveform buffer Launch ATWD Wait for ATWD Read ATWD-0 Stop Disc Normal Calib D1 A S 0.2 spe D2 x A S x 1 A S Launch Coin. Read ATWD-1 Saturated? Read ATWD-1 A Busy Should initiate “BUSY” event, coincidence logic

17. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel FPGA flow II Check Coincidence FX ? Get WF Feature Extraction Coin + >A S ? > A  Priority Send Full Report Send FX Report Send FX Report Send Full Report Coin + >A S ? A

18. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Calibration Discriminator Pedestals –ATWD (A/B, 0/1/2) –Trigger condition (noise) Basis functions built on top of –Single pe –Impulsive event  ATWD –Baseline: included in pedestal and basis functions –Abs gain: calibrate to spe at ref HV –Rel gain: common signals in ATWD-0/1/2 Low Gain –Overlapping dynamic range A

19. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Reconstruction Apply process Amplitude from c 1 Time correction from c 2,  2 =  1 ’(t) A

20. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IDH & Trigger Functionality IceTop Data Handler (from Hubs to …) –Science data Timing summaries to triggers Respond to Event Builder requests Manage IceTop Data Buffer –Monitor stream –Timing corrections Triggers –Shower trigger: 4x station hits –Horizontal shower trigger: N x muons (single tanks) –Priority/Calibration trigger(s). Control and service functions A

21. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Horz. Shower Trigger Shower Trigger Priority/Calibration Trigger Time Correction (320) Common Event Builder Global Trigger Hubs Process Monitor Data (320) Pre-process Science Data (320) IceTop Data Buffers (320) IceTop DB Access Monitoring Online In-Ice Trigger DAQ Control IDH and Trigger Time splice (merge) Sort by type A Merged, Time sorted, event list

22. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IDH Requirements Pre-trigger –IceCube standard Time Calibration –Throughput capability > 32 MB/s –Time ordered merge –Sorted output streams to triggers Switching capability to time slice –Store data Buffer –Capacity: 60 sec = 2 GB –Organized for efficient access Post-trigger –Query handler for EB access –Buffer management A

23. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Trigger Requirements Shower trigger –4-fold: Time coincidence 5  s (TBD) –Reduced threshold mode: space and time coincidence (desired) Horizontal shower trigger –15-fold (TBD) Time only –5-fold (TBD) Shower front coincidence (desired) Priority (calibration) trigger –Additional processing (TBD) –Define data request for use by EB A

24. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Testing DOM qualification –Expanded temperature range –Reserve time for IceTop Needs (TBD: Implement in Year-2) DAQ testing –Participate in integration –IceTop specific tests not defined A

25. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel B =    IT dt Verify functionality Calibration –CPU triggers –Reduced threshold data –Single muon data Showers –4 station coincidence –Reconstruction –Dynamic range B

26. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel “Priority” Data Method –DOM: throw status (TBD) –Surface DAQ: Catch status (IDH) Throw IceTop calibration trigger (ICT) –Online: Catch calibration trigger. Route event to IceTop calibration module Types –Diagnostic mode –Pedestal - cpu mode (part of monitoring?) –Gain (change threshold/HV for spe mode) –Flasher (tbd) –External coincidence (tbd) B

27. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Single Muons Single muons are a key to calibration –Physics of source –Tank response –PMT + electronics Difficulties –Variation in trajectory –Shower background Filters –Feature recognition (Software Filter) –Shower tag (Firmware/Software - Anti) –External muon trigger (HW - True) B

28. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Single  candidates B

29. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Muon calibration Baseline: InIce DAQ + analysis. Plenty of data. Apply coincidence filter to eliminate large showers. External  “true”. Various possibilities. (Attach to preinstalled after-pulsing LED?) Useful to define  geometry. Engineering effort would be required. B

30. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Showers: 4 station coincidence Coincident data from 4 stations –f = Probability that DOM is awake –t w = Coincidence window (d/c) –Livetime:  = t (2 f – f 2 ) 4 –Coincidence rates True:  t = 10 Hz (  t) (E thr /0.3 PeV) -2 (Area/km 2 ) False:  f = (  t)     t w ) 3 Use of Baseline InIce DAQ wo/coin f = 0.1,  t = 10 -3,  f  1/yr (t w = 1  s),  t  10/day Options –Use local coincidence –Synchronize livetime coordinated enable/disable:  t = f –Raise threshold to 2  Estimated shower threshold 5 Pev, rate 5/hr B

31. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Year-1 Summary Goals –Capture coincident IceTop data within InIce triggers –Single muon calibration –Shower reconstruction IDH/Shower trigger/Priority trigger - V1.0 needed InIce FPGA should be adequate –Main concern: loss of livetime –FX not critical for single muons –Coincidence desireable but Acceptable shower rates with raised threshold –Need support for priority trigger Horizontal shower trigger not critical B

32. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Current Activity IDH/triggers –IDH/Splicer performance tests –Development of IDH/trigger templates for integration (Aug) FPGA –FX algorithm definition –Data format definition (Aug) Dynamic range studies C

33. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: single pe event C

34. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: ATWD-0 waveforms spemu C

35. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: Collection of spe-s C gigi bibi titi

36. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: arrival times (7+) x 3.3 = 25 ns C

37. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: Baseline jitter Magnitude of sample 100 C

38. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: ATWD0 ped/spe C

39. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: ensemble stats C

40. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: ATWD2-spe C

41. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: ATWD2 ped/spe? C

42. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Gallery: g 0 vs g 2 C

43. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IDH/Splicer efforts 1 sec FX sim data –320 DOMs - 2000 events/channel –13 bytes/event: 6 time, status, 6 data –No non-FX events. No time calibration/monitoring –Separate stream for each DOM –Output analysis is trivialized Results –11.6 sec (2.4 GHz P4) –6.5(3 GHz P4+, RH enterprise) –3.5“optimized” splicer Optimizations –Reduce object creation/garbage collection –Eliminate objects in favor of primitive data-types –Reduce data handling: Adjust references/leave buffer static C

44. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Report on IDH/Trigger Templates Reviewing string processor/state machine template Adapt for IDH & IceTop trigger(s). Prepare for “Data-flow” DAQ – Aug/Sept. C

45. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Dynamic range IDD plan –1 … ~10 5 pe –HG+LG DOMs w/overlapping range “Requirements” –Resolution of 1 pe 1:30 ? –Necessary range 10 5 pe is aggressive –Overlap region include 1  ? Effective range of DOM ? –Linearityfew V –Noise < mV ? –ATWD.125 mV – 8V C

46. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Summary slide IceTop DAQ: InIce + –FPGA designed for reduced data volume Feature extraction Modified coincidence logic Support for “priority data” –Counting house IceTop Data Handler IceTop Triggers Year 1: –Goals Capture coincident IceTop data within InIce triggers Single muon calibration Shower reconstruction –Development IDH/Shower trigger/Priority trigger V1.0 needed FPGA changes probably not critical S

47. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel End Spare slides follow

48. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Thermal issues 1 slide with discussion 1 slide with data A content

49. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel Common Requirements Conform to In-Ice Standards –Control (state machine) –Monitoring & Logging –Data flow architecture Streams Heartbeats Latency requirements Multi-processor capable (TBD)

50. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop DAQ effort Support from LBNL/UWisc –Build on IceCube SW engineering DOM-FPGA FX/coincidence –UD faculty effort –Lab development bench –Data from SP/UD stations IDH/Trigger –UD faculty –1 CIS grad student

51. IceTop Review DAQ July 29 2004 Delaware D. Seckel IceTop Station Schematic Two Ice Tanks 3.6 m 2 x 90 cm Two DOMs: 10” PMT High Gain w/station coincidence: 1 p.e. resol Low Gain: 1  resol To DAQ IceCube Drill Hole 10 m HG LG IT