1. Civil Rights Protests How did African-Americans achieve equality?

2. Civil Rights Protests »What event started the protests in the South? »Rosa Parks and her refusal to give up her seat to a white man on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama

3. Civil Rights Protests »1955 Alabama: Rosa Parks was arrested for violating the segregation law (Jim Crow) »This incident inspired the: »Montgomery Bus Boycott: African Americans refused to ride the city buses for 381 days

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5. Civil Rights Protests »1960: Greensboro, North Carolina »Four African-American students start the Lunch Counter Sit-Ins »Sitting in the white section, they refused to leave until served

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7. »1961: African Americans begin “Freedom Rides” from the North to the deep South »They were protesting the segregation law on buses traveling across state lines »They were beaten, buses set on fire, and some evacuated for safety. In the end it proved successful as an act of civil disobedience

8. Civil Rights Protests »1963 Alabama: MLK tries to integrate Birmingham, considered to be the most segregated city in America »Police used dogs and fire hoses to break up the protest march. Over 2,000 African Americans were arrested »This finally got President Kennedy’s attention

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10. Civil Rights Protests »1963 Washington D.C: MLK leads 200,000 people on a march to the Lincoln Memorial to show support for a new civil rights law »“I have a dream” speech given

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12. Civil Rights Protests »1954: The Brown v. Board of Education decision comes out, integrating public schools »By 1957 states had not integrated and were hesitant to do so. Little Rock, Arkansas would be the first place to integrate »The Governor of Arkansas was opposed to this and called the National Guard to stop 9 black children from attending school in the capital city of Little Rock

13. Civil Rights Protests »President Eisenhower will not let that happen and orders those same National Guard soldiers to protect the “Little Rock 9” »Schools in the south slowly begin to integrate

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15. Civil Rights Protests »Some groups encouraged violent riots to achieve change »Black Panthers: Group of African- Americans who followed Malcolm X and used violence in their protests. “Black Power” »Protests continue until the gov’t steps in

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