1. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Expert meeting on Land use accounting - Introduction - Jean-Louis Weber EEA/AIR3 jean-louis.weber@eea.eu.int

2. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Outline Integrated assessment of environment and sustainable development: oPlatform for Integrated Spatial Assessment of Land, Biodiversity & Water oEnvironmental Accounts for Integrating Environmental, Economic & Social Data Land & Ecosystem Accounts (LEAC) Land Use accounts oPrevious experiences oAnalytical framework oData/ statistics issue

3. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Platform for Integrated Spatial Assessment of Land, Biodiversity & Water, based on Corine Land Cover

4. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Environmental Accounts for Integrating Environmental, Economic & Social Data Production, Consumption Income & Capital Accounts Social Accounting Matrixes Natural Capital Accounts Depletion, Degradation & Formation of Natural Capital Distribution of Income & Consumption Patterns Ownership of Natural Assets Use of Free Goods & Services

5. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Environmental accounts: 5 key policy questions 1.Cost of environmental protection the burden issue oCost for public budgets: financing of protection (incl. administration and research) oCost for companies: effects on economic competitiveness 2.Environmental performance of the economy the decoupling issue oCompliance to national emission standards, respect of international conventions oDistances to targets, economic and technological options oUse of scarce resource oSustainability of consumption patterns 3.Cost of insufficient environmental protection the externalities issue oDepletion of renewable resources (forest, fisheries, water…) oDegradation of natural assets (forests, fisheries, soil, water, ecosystems…) oImpacts on human health and well being oCosts of remediation (instead of protection…) 4.Conservation of comparative advantages the natural capital issue oReserves (ownership, access, operation) oEconomic rents on natural resources (depletion…) oViability of living/cycling natural capital, continuity of ecosystem services oAdaptability to change (global market, climate change, technology) 5.Assessment of policies the effectiveness/efficiency issue oEfficiency/effectiveness of environmental policies and instruments oEfficiency/effectiveness of environmental sector policies (agriculture, transport…) oEnvironmental impact assessment of social and economic policies oIncorporation of environmental concerns in the multiple levels of public and private decision-making (participation, awareness, corporate accounting)

6. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Economic-environmental accounts (seea2003) National accounts: oEconomic natural assets (Sub-soil, forest (managed), agriculture land…) oEnvironmental protection expenditures Hybrid accounts: oConsumption of natural resource by sectors/branches oEmissions by sectors/branches (NAMEA…) Material flows accounts Natural assets accounts oForests (incl. native) oFisheries oWater oLand & ecosystems Pricing and valuation

7. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Land & Ecosystem Accounts (LEAC) Part of the SEEA 2003 (Integrated System of Environmental and Economic Accounting) Accounts in monetary AND in physical units Tested in Europe by UNECE, Eurostat and EEA (France, UK, Germany, European coast, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania) EU-wide implementation of land cover accounts with CLC2000 in 2004

8. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Land and ecosystem accounts… …measure stocks as well as change due to gains and losses (flows) Land cover account, Comunidad de Madrid, 1990-2000 Source: Corine land cover 1990-2000 Land COVER accounts are implemented at the EEA from CLC2000 …are made of Land Cover Accounts Land Use Accounts Ecosystem Accounts

9. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Land cover: an image of both land use & ecosystems Land cover change: clues of conflicts and degradation

10. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Integration in SEEAs Land & Ecosystem Accounts CORE LAND COVER ACCOUNT ECOSYSTEM ACCOUNTS Soil Flora & Fauna Water system Atmosphere/ Climate Ecosystem services Ecosystem potentials Integrity, health & viability Vulnerability LAND USE ACCOUNTS Land use economic & social functions Artificiality of land Intensity of use Production & Consumption Natural Assets Population Infrastructures & Technologies

11. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting EEA/Land Accounts Project Provisional results (Nov. 2004) jean-louis.weber@eea.eu.int Example of spatial integration: N2000 & Urban Sprawl C. de Madrid Comunidad de Madrid Total urban sprawl Landscape Natural Potential Natura 2000 sites Roads Portugal- Algarve Algarve Urban sprawl over semi-natural land

12. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Natura 2000 sites Rivers (p.m. Wetlds, lakes) Landscape Natural Potential EEA/Land Accounts Project Provisional results (Nov. 2004) Example of spatial integration N2000 & Agriculture Cultivation of marginal land Farmland abandonment Portugal-Alentejo Spain - Huelva Spain – Huelva

13. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Land cover Land Use accounts

14. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classification of Functions An account is a tool which records, for a given aspect of economic life, (a) the uses and resources or (b) the changes in assets and the changes in liabilities and/or (c) the stock of assets and liabilities existing at a certain time; the transactions accounts include a balancing item which is used to equate the two sides of the accounts (e.g. resources and uses) and which is a meaningful measure of economic performance in itself. eg Economic performance indicators: value added; salaries; operating surplus (profit); savings; change in assets & liabilities Functions: compilation of expenditures according to purpose, to objectives, to social needs

15. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classification of Functions of Government

16. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classification of Functions of Households Consumption

17. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classification of Functions of Private Producers

18. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Data & statistics …

19. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Spatial Integration of Environmental & Socio-Economic Data Collection Mapping Sampling Socio- Economic Statistics Individual Sites Monitoring

20. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Integrated land cover & land use change monitoring & accounting T T+3 T+7 T+10 1/100 000 (Corine Land Cover, EU/Countries, Regions, Basins) 1/500 000 (Pan-European, Global…) 1/50 or 25 000 (Cities, agri-land, forestry, tourism, coastal zones, mountain …) Socio- Economic Statistics

21. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Agenda 16 March, 14:00 (Room 328 – 3rd floor) From land cover to land use accounts (based on examples of tourism and forestry): land use functions – intensity of use – multiple uses – population accounts – economic accounts – linkages to ecosystem accounts (Jean-Louis Weber) (20mn) Urban landscape: land use functions and accounts Accounting for urban land use functions: priorities (integration of multiple datasets; urban and land planning context; contribution of EEA to the Urban strategy…) (Ronan Uhel) (20 mn) Urban land use and land planning: (1 h 30: 5 slides/10 min. speeches plus discussion) ESPON perspective: urban/rural partnership, urban functions (Michael Albas) The local scale perspective: land use accounts in the Geoland/OSP portfolio (Christian Hoffmann) Transport issue / Propolis (Klaus Spiekermann), UITP (Pierre Laconte) Coastal zones issue (Andrus Meiner) Tentative land use accounts for a test study/ framework & priorities for 2005 (Tomas Soukup & Jean-Louis Weber) (1 h 30) 18:00: End of session

22. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Agenda 17 March, 11:00 Accounting for rural landscape land use functions: Priorities; reconciliation between land cover monitoring and conventional agriculture statistics; from surfaces monitoring to intensity of use (animal stocks, fertilizers and pesticides, irrigation, land restructuring); use of non-UAA surfaces for agriculture purpose; pressure on river basins; potential pressure on designated areas… Jan- Erik Petersen (20mn) Tentative land use accounts for a test study/ framework & priorities for 2005 (Tomas Soukup & Jean-Louis Weber) (1 h 30) 13:00-14:00 Lunch Round table on data issues and solutions for implementation/ agriculture (1 h) FSS, REGIO, LUCAS Agriculture censuses Space data, modelling Wrap-up (30 mn) End of meeting 16:00

23. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Nomenclature of land use functions as proposed for LEAC (still provisional…) UF1 Residential, incl. services UF2 Commercial UF3 Transport UF4 Industrial production UF5 Energy production UF6 Mining & quarrying UF7 Waste dumping UF8 Water management UF9 Farming, food production UF10 Forestry UF11 Recreation & Tourism UF12 Nature conservation UF13 Other uses

24. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classifications of Land Use Functions: Land Use functions of Tourism Housing & accommodation of tourists Hotels and similar Tourist campsites Holiday dwellings and other collective accommodation Second homes Accommodation by family and friends Shopping, personal services & restaurant areas Transport of Tourists Airports in Tourism areas Other airports Specific transport infrastructure of Tourism areas General transport infrastructure Organised recreation Recreation parks and resorts Marinas Golf courses and other sport grounds Countryside recreation Rest and excursion Fishing and hunting Site seeing Cultural sites Natural sites

25. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting What we should discuss… Landscape units oUrban UMZ Employment basins Other zoning oRural Rural areas vs UAA Other zoning Land use functions Main accounting items/tables: Surfaces Population Production/income Availability of statistics

26. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classifications of Land Use Functions Urban land use functions Residential function Housing Urban transport/Mobility Public services Recreation Private Services (non-isolated) Industrial/ trade function Manufacturing Trade activities Industrial services Mines & quarries Regional/External urban functions Transport (infrastructures, traffic) Dump sites Water supply

27. EEA 15-16 March 2005 Expert meeting on landscape analysis & ecosystem accounting Classifications of Land Use Functions Rural landscape land use functions Agriculture oCrops / Food/Energy_Biofuels/Raw material Surfaces Rotations Quantity oLivestock oWater use, abstraction, irrigation oNutrient management oPesticides use Soil management Landscape management oLand restructuring oMaintenance (hedgerows, walls, lanes…) oDrainage of wetlands Production infrastructures, storage Residence (by social groups) Recreation, tourism