1. The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision Jukka Jouhki Department of History and Ethnology University of Jyväskylä jukka.jouhki@jyu.fi

2. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 2 Why u-Society? Why Korea? UN on IT : IT is affecting foundations of economic, social and cultural life around the world even the meaning of space and time are changing greater income, profits, knowledge and civilization South Korea one of the leading IT societies in the world non-Western societies less researched/discussed

3. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 3 Population Korea’s heart is Seoul –Total population 49 M, Seoul area 24.5 M –Population density per km 2 = Korea 491, Japan 337, India 328, Finland 15, SEOUL 17219 ABOUT KOREA Unique language Culturally isolated until the turn of 20th century Long history of being ruled by the big brothers of Japan and China homogenous people

4. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 4 Sociocultural Context Societal values ABOUT KOREA Confucian, collective, hierarchical Patriarchy, upholding harmony, nationalist competition, saving face Strong ingroup vs. outgroup, significance of contacts/network, loyalty a young democracy Cronyist ties: taking care vs. corruption

5. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 5 On a Global Scale 1st in –broadband access per capita (Point Topic) –e-government (Brown U.) –scientific literacy (OECD) –also in total working hours (OECD) 2nd in –annual export growth –GDP growth (OECD) –granted international patents (WIPO) 3rd in –IT industry competitiveness (EIU) 5th in –R&D spending (WB) –Technological Achievement (UN) 6th in –number of PCs (ITU) 13th in –nominal GDP BUT: –Quality of life (30th) –Economic freedom (36th) –GDP per capita (34th) ABOUT KOREA

6. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 6 Definition & Applications Mark Weiser: third wave of computing, calm technology Pervasive Ambient RFID Sensors Mobile Wireless The New new media environment UBI- QUITOUS?

7. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 7 Internet Korean Internet is Korean KOREAN NEW MEDIA High population density  easy internet infrastructure Superstructure supports and encourages the infrastructure Techno -nationalism critical mass of Korean users Also excessive usage

8. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 8 Strong online game culture –”PC Bangs” making Internet really social KOREAN NEW MEDIA The net of young Koreans: MMORPGs and movies WiBro (cf. mobile WiMax), –Wireless broadband gives Koreans wlan/wifi on the move –Since 2006 –Speed over 100 Mbps

9. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 9 Mobile communication culture The business relatively protected KOREAN NEW MEDIA The mobile phone culture colorful and ubiquitous Mobile TV working seamlessly Huge mobile game culture

10. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 10 –The young have a totally different attitude compared to the older Koreans A device to renew collectivity KOREAN NEW MEDIA A perfect tool to reinforce Neo-Confucian collective network Ubiquitous and 24/7 contact potential to family and friends Strict and refined cell phone etiquette A cybernetic extension of body, a wormhole to media world and peer group

11. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 11 A modern fetish Haptic-visual qualities emphasized E.g. ringtones reflect collectivity (not individualism) E.g. the amount of text messages sent per day correlates with amount of happiness. KOREAN NEW MEDIA (has to feel and look pleasurable) E.g. fear of loosing contact

12. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 12 Goal: u-Korea Ubiquitous society ”around the corner” but is Korea already around the corner? Smart living-room in Ubiquitous Dream Hall exhibition Ever-2, a female android ”capable of expressing human emotions” U-KOREA VISION The vision of the Big Tech and Gov’t is u-Korea where every citizen can use digital networks anytime, anywhere and all the time Key emphases on smart home, robotics, mobile phones, e-learning, e-government Also traveling, shopping, surveillance

13. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 13 The Vision Pervasive computing, everywhere, anytime Ministry of Information and Communication on u- society: –just around the corner, and will change everything –an environment in which anyone can use a computer and network in a convenient, safe manner anytime, anywhere with anyone –the ubiquitous city truly never sleeps –filled with human warmth U-KOREA VISION

14. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 14 Applications U-KOREA VISION u-Office translator programs RFID remote work u-school PDAs ”Cyber Home Learning System” sensors u-Home shopping robotics entertainment teaching industry military domestic service smart kitchen smart delivery E-government sensors automatic bureaucracy

15. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 15 The Ubiquitous Dream Hall (UDH) in Seoul exhibition of u-Korea sections: public, home, office a crystallization of Korean ubiquitous society development & vision How is u-Korea justified? the vision has to be ”sold” visual and textual rhetoric A Crystallizing Case U-KOREA VISION

16. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 16

17. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 17 Today “modern men find themselves at a loss in the middle of the urban desert” BUT In u-Korea ”More time with my family. I love my family. Growing with my company. I take pride in my job. Giving and sharing with each other. I build a[n] emotional ubiquitous world.” your home ”recognizes and sympathizes with you,” ”will be a part of your family” and “respond to your every touch just as a part of your family” the government will “bring a digital world full of human emotions within our reach” The planned technologies “enable a warmer & richer life” U-KOREA VISION

18. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 18 Tomorrow’s city… helps you find “the fastest route cutting through urban congestion” has “advertisements following your every move” adding “vibrancy and dynamism to urban landscape” It’s TOTAL as… there will be “a complete makeover of everyday life” the “ubiquitous technology brightens our future” Korea is “at the forefront of a new paradigm shift that will change the way of life completely” it’s the “Ubiquitous Revolution” U-KOREA VISION

19. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 19 The Rhetoric Emphasizes… The TOTALITY U-KOREA VALUES (Nuclear) family values more time with family smart & emotional home as part of family Work ethic efficient work enjoyable labor Ecological values no pollution ”placid cityscape” Consumerist values easy transport ”through urban congestion” shopping ubiquitous advertisement

20. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 20 The Rhetoric Utilizes… U-KOREA VALUES Romantic technophilia Anthropomorphization emotionalization of technology BUT also: Darwinist economical values, technonationalism

21. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 21 The Role of the Citizen? Emotional-u bringing additional value to the citizens? u-Korea: the human as a happy prisoner of the system or practicing positive anarchy through technology? U-CITIZEN u-Korea wants technology be part of the family Is it ground-breaking innovation or smart marketing?

22. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 22 U-CITIZEN technology enhancing collectivity  towards more uniform culture? cyborgization of humans? surveillance society DIGITAL DIVIDE, DIGERATI Robot-Human interaction automatic tracking, evaluating, transferring information, control ubiquitous urbanity

23. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 23 u-Korea has no intimacy or ethical issues – or has it? U-KOREA VALUES

24. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 24 Want to know more? UBIQUITOUS (AND INFORMATION) SOCIETY IN GENERAL Airaksinen, Timo, 2006. Ihmiskoneen tulevaisuus. WSOY, Helsinki. Martikainen, Petri and Mäntylä, Martti, (eds.) 2006. Towards Ubiquitous Network Society. Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Helsinki. Martin, Bill, 2005. Information Society Revisited: From Vision to Reality. Journal of Information Science, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 4-12. Mannermaa, Mika, 2007. Democracy in the Turmoil of the Future. Parliament of Finland, Helsinki.Democracy in the Turmoil of the Future Hall, David,1980. Irony and Anarchy: Technology and the Utopian Sensibility. In Cathleen Woodward (ed.) 1980: The Myths of Information: Technology and Post-industrial Culture. Routledge & Kegan-Paul: London. 125-136 Weiser, Mark, 1991. The computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American, Vol. 265, No. 3, pp. 94-104.The computer for the 21st Century Bell, Genevieve & Dorish, Paul 2007. Yesterday’s Tomorrows: Notes on Ubiquitous Computing’s Dominant Vision. Personal Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 133-143.Yesterday’s Tomorrows: Notes on Ubiquitous Computing’s Dominant Vision U-KOREA Korea.Net, http://www.korea.net, a special report on u-Koreau-Korea Ubiquitous Network Societies: The Case of Republic of Korea, 2005. International Telecommunication Union, Geneva. Webb, Molly, 2007. South Korea. Mass Innovation Comes of Age. Demos, London.South Korea. Mass Innovation Comes of Age Yoon, Kyong-Won, 2006. The Making of Neo-Confucian Cyberkids: Representations of Young Mobile Phone Users in South Korea. New Media & Society, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 753-771.The Making of Neo-Confucian Cyberkids: Representations of Young Mobile Phone Users in South Korea Jouhki, Jukka 2008: The Emotional Technology of Tomorrow. The Visual and Textual Rhetoric Promoting a Ubiquitous Technology Society in Korea. IADIS Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Amsterdam, pp. 173-180.The Emotional Technology of Tomorrow. The Visual and Textual Rhetoric Promoting a Ubiquitous Technology Society in Korea.

25. 17/12/2008The Role of the Citizen in the Korean Ubiquitous Society Vision 25 Thank you & Hug a robot today! jukka.jouhki@jyu.fi