1. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 1 Objectives

2. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 2 Objectives Chapter 26: Inserting Endnotes, Footnotes, and References Performance Objectives  Create Footnotes and Endnotes Create Footnotes and Endnotes  CHECKPOINT 1 CHECKPOINT 1  Create Citations and Bibliographies Create Citations and Bibliographies  Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography  CHECKPOINT 2 CHECKPOINT 2

3. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 3 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes  Research papers and reports generally contain information from a variety of sources.  To acknowledge and credit these sources, you can insert footnotes or endnotes in a document.  A footnote is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page on which a source is referenced.  An endnote is also an explanatory note or reference, but it is placed at the end of a document.

4. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 4 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued To insert a footnote: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Insert Footnote button in the Footnotes group. (continues in next slide) Insert Footnote button

5. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 5 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued footnote text 3. Type the footnote text.

6. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 6 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued To insert an endnote: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Insert Endnote button in the Footnotes group. 3. Type the endnote text. Insert Endnote button

7. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 7 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued  When you print a document that contains footnotes, Word automatically reduces the number of text lines on a page by the number of lines in the footnote(s) plus the line separating the footnotes from the document text.  Word separates footnotes from document text with a 2-inch separator line that begins at the left margin.  If the page does not contain enough space, the footnote numbers and bibliographic text are moved to the next page.

8. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 8 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued To view footnotes: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Next Footnote button in the Footnotes group. Next Footnote button

9. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 9 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes…continued  When you move, copy, or delete footnote or endnote reference numbers, all remaining footnotes or endnotes are automatically renumbered.  Click the Footnotes group dialog box launcher and the Footnote and Endnote dialog box displays. At this dialog box, you can convert footnotes to endnotes and endnotes to footnotes, change the location of footnotes or endnotes, change the number formatting; start footnote or endnote numbering with a specific number, letter, or symbol; or change numbering within sections in a document.

10. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 10 CHECKPOINT 1 1)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 1)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 3)The Footnote button is located in which tab? a.Home b.Insert c.References d.Review 3)The Footnote button is located in which tab? a.Home b.Insert c.References d.Review 2)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the end of the document. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 2)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the end of the document. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 4)Copy the footnote or endnote by holding down this key when dragging the reference number. a.F1 b.Alt c.Shift d.Ctrl 4)Copy the footnote or endnote by holding down this key when dragging the reference number. a.F1 b.Alt c.Shift d.Ctrl Next Question Next Slide Answer

11. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 11 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies  In addition to using footnotes and endnotes to credit sources in a research paper or manuscript, consider inserting in-text citations and a works cited page to identify sources of quotations, ideas, and borrowed or summarized material.  An in-text citation acknowledges that you are borrowing information from a source rather than plagiarizing (stealing) the words or ideas of another.

12. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 12 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued  Word provides three commonly used editorial styles for citing references in research papers and reports:  the American Psychological Association (APA) reference style, which is generally used in the social sciences and research fields;  the Modern Language Association (MLA) style, which is generally used in the humanities and English composition;  the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), which is used both in the humanities and social sciences and is considered more complex than either the APA or MLA style.

13. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 13 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued  When formatting a research paper or report in MLA or APA standards, you will need to follow certain guidelines for properly formatting the first page of the document.

14. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 14 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued  With the MLA style, in the upper left corner of the first page of the document, you will need to insert your name, your instructor’s name, the course title, and the current date, all double-spaced.  Type the title of the document a double-space below the current date, and then center the document title.

15. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 15 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued  When using APA style, the title page is located on a separate page from the body of the document.  On the title page, you need to include the title of your paper, your name, and your school’s name, all double-spaced, centered, and located in the upper half of the title page.  The title page also needs to include a header with the text Running Head: followed by the title of your paper in uppercase letters at the left margin, and the page number at the right margin.

16. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 16 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued To insert a new citation: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Insert Citation button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the Add New Source option at the drop-down list. 4. Type the necessary source information. 5. Click OK. Add New Source option

17. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 17 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued Select the type of reference you want to cite by clicking this down-pointing arrow. Select the type of reference you want to cite by clicking this down-pointing arrow. Type information about a new source in the fields of this dialog box. Type information about a new source in the fields of this dialog box.

18. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 18 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued To insert a citation with an existing source: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Insert Citation button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the desired source at the drop- down list. existing source

19. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 19 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued To modify sources: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the Manage Sources button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Edit, add, and/or delete sources. 4. Click Close. Manage Sources button

20. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 20 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued Master List Current List

21. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 21 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued  If you include a direct quote from a source, you will want to include quotation marks around all of the text borrowed from that source and insert, in the citation, the page number(s) of the quoted material.

22. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 22 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued To insert a page number in a citation: 1. Click the citation to display placeholder. 2. Click the Citation Options arrow. 3. Click the Edit Citation option. (continues on next slide) Edit Citation option

23. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 23 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies…continued 4. Type the page number(s). 5. Click OK. page number

24. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 24 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography  If you include citations in a report or research paper, you need to insert as a separate page a works cited page or bibliography at the end of the document.  A works cited page or bibliography is an alphabetic list of the books, journal articles, reports, or other sources referenced in the document.  When you type source information for citations, Word automatically saves information from all of the fields into a bibliography and works cited list, alphabetized by each author’s last name or the title of the work.

25. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 25 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued To insert a works cited page or bibliography: 1. Insert a new page at the end of the document. 2. Click the References tab. 3. Click the Bibliography button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 4. Click the desired predesigned works cited or bibliography option. predesigned built-in works cited option

26. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 26 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued  If you insert a new source at the Source Manager dialog box or modify an existing source, Word automatically inserts the source information in the works cited page or bibliography.  If you insert a new citation, which requires you to add a new source, Word will not automatically update the works cited page or bibliography.

27. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 27 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued To update the works cited page or bibliography: 1. Click anywhere in the works cited page or bibliography. 2. Click the Update Citations and Bibliography tab. Update Citations and Bibliography tab

28. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 28 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued  Reference styles have specific formatting guidelines.  The formatting applied by Word to the works cited page or bibliography may need to be changed to meet specific guidelines of the MLA, APA, or Chicago style.

29. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 29 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued  MLA and APA styles require the following formatting guidelines for the works cited page or bibliography:  Begin work cited or bibliography on a separate page after the text of the report.  Include the title “Work Cited” or “Bibliography” and center the title.  Double space between and within entries.  Begin each entry at the left margin and hang indent second and subsequent lines in each entry.  Alphabetize the entries.

30. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 30 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued  Reference styles have specific formatting guidelines.  The formatting applied by Word to the works cited page or bibliography may need to be changed to meet specific guidelines of the MLA, APA, or Chicago style.

31. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 31 Objectives Insert a Works Cited Page or Bibliography…continued To change the citation style: 1. Click the References tab. 2. Click the down- pointing arrow at the right of the Style option in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the desired style. Style option

32. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 32 CHECKPOINT 2 1)This reference style is generally used in the social sciences and research fields. a.MLA b.APA c.CMS d.MAL 1)This reference style is generally used in the social sciences and research fields. a.MLA b.APA c.CMS d.MAL 3)If you include a direct quote from a source, you will want to include these around the quote. a.quotation marks b.parentheses c.commas d.asterisks 3)If you include a direct quote from a source, you will want to include these around the quote. a.quotation marks b.parentheses c.commas d.asterisks 2)In this section, the Source Manager dialog box displays all of the citations you have created in Word. a.Current List b.Source List c.Master List d.Main List 2)In this section, the Source Manager dialog box displays all of the citations you have created in Word. a.Current List b.Source List c.Master List d.Main List 4)Insert this for a document formatted in the MLA style. a.works cited page b.bibliography c.cover page d.text box 4)Insert this for a document formatted in the MLA style. a.works cited page b.bibliography c.cover page d.text box Next Question Next Slide Answer