1. Per 3: Tues. Day 3  HW: STUDY FOR SS BASICS QUIZ TOMORROW 9/19  Today: –Lunch Review- IN HERE, BRING LUNCH, COME FIRST THING –Optional For Some- but anyone who didn’t have their review or missed class yesterday MUST BE HERE. It’s Help. Not Punishment. –We will go over contribution wrap up tomorrow- when more have it done.  Start Mapping Rome  SS Basics Review Hallway Hunt

2. Per 5: Mon. Day 2  HW: Study For Quiz; Finish Cont. Wrap- Up  LONGTERM: SS Basics Quiz Weds. 9/19  Today: –Roman Contribution Wrap-Up –Citizenship Brainpop –Start Fall of Rome if Time

3. Per 8: Mon. Day 2  HW: Study For Quiz  LONGTERM: SS Basics Quiz Weds. 9/19  Today: –Brainpop: Citizenship, Bill of Rights –Trash Essays Back –Start Fall of Rome: Brainpop and Song –Read 270-273 in book, –Use map on 272 to complete: Mapping the Empire

4. 8 th Period Honors: Thurs. 9/12; Day 6  HW:  HW: SS Basics Review sheet due tomorrow  LONGTERM: SS Basics Quiz Weds. 9/19  Take Out: Contributions of Ancient Rome to the Modern World  Today: –Hand back quiz –Review contribution activity –Key SS Vocabulary –Hand Back Trash Essays; read comments. –NHD Images

5. Honors: Weds. 9/12; Day 5  HW: NONE  LONGTERM: SS Basics Quiz Weds. 9/19  Today: –Handout SS Basics Review sheet –Handout key concepts in SS sheet- must keep all year –Review answers to Rome Atlas Activity  To what extent have the ideas of Ancient Rome influenced modern society?  Activity to find out…

6. To what extent have the ideas of Ancient Rome influenced modern society?  Step 1: Find the Roman picture that best corresponds to each modern image. MAKE SURE TO LOOK AT THE DETAILS AND THINK BEFORE YOU WRITE.  Step 2: Use the headings! Find and read the section of the text related to the image  Step 3: You must use info from the text to support your answer

7. “Rome wasn’t built in a day.” http://resourcesforhistory. com/map.htm And it didn’t fall in one either.

8. What caused the Fall of Rome? I D K….

9. Historians Don’t Agree  There is no single answer to explain Rome’s collapse  There are many theories put forth by experts, some better respected than others  The theories put forth by historians are their arguments  They support their theories by supplying an enormous body of facts and evidence that support their arguments

10. What problems contributed to the collapse of the Roman Empire? Let’s start by asking Tim & Moby…

11. The Fall of Rome Internal and External Problems Lead to Collapse; Rome Comes Apart From the Inside Out

12. Group Discussion Questions  Sometimes we will start, end, or just have time for Group Discussion Questions (GRQ)  A question will be posted on the board  Choose ONE OR TWO people to record the question(s) and responses of your group –I say one or two- because sometimes you might be asked to take a side, or asked a two part question  When other groups share, add to your response- if you think it’s worthy  Choose ONE OR TWO responsible people to keep your responses until next time  SHARE THE RESPONSIBILITY

13. Example:

14. GDQ 9/19: Kelsey, Shay, Justin  How do you feel about clowns? –Love them-Sometimes they are terrifying –The ones in Cirque du Soleil are awesome –We need more clowns, as a nation we are facing a clown shortage –Some are really funny –Balloon animals are bad for the environment

15. G.D.Q.  This is an election year, so unless you are living under a rock, you must be hearing something. IDK is not acceptable.  1: When people talk about the US economy, or problems facing our economy, what do they talk about?  2. How can slavery hurt an empire?

16. Economic Problems Money, Money, Money, Money

17. Economic Problems  High Taxes –Funded a gigantic army and government  Decline in Trade  High Unemployment –Not enough jobs in general, and less jobs w/ decent pay –Many jobs are also held by slaves

18. Slavery  Treatment depended on owner –From domestic servant, farm worker, manual labor, or thrown in gladiator games  100 BC- historians estimate 1/3 of population was enslaved

19. Income Gap: Rich vs. Poor  Gap between rich and poor grew wider   In simple terms “The rich grew richer, the poor got poorer”  Wealthy grew “Mega Rich” while an increasing number lived in poverty  Wealthy grew “Mega Rich” while an increasing number lived in poverty and barely survived

20. “Hey. We need more money.” “Let’s just make some more.”

21. Inflation in Rome  More currency ($$$) is made  The prices of all goods go up  So the currency ($$$) loses value- it becomes worth less  In Rome, emperors made more coins, but put less silver in those coins

22. Copy this into your notes

23. Inflation What is this word?

25. Agricultural  Famine- shortage of food –When famine hits and disease spreads  Grain Price –Went up and down (fluctuated) greatly  Farms- –Wealthy families acquired huge tracts of land, used slaves and cheap labor to do their work –Small farms could not compete, closed down and moved to city to find work…..

26. Disease  We think millions of Romans died from a variety of diseases that spread through the empire in waves  Killed maybe 20% of the population

27. Political Problems: Issues in the Roman Government: Corruption, Instability, Lousy (and sometimes loony) Leadership

28. Government Spending  Huge Military Costs –Expensive wars; costs only increasing –Constantly protecting borders  Foolish Spending –Spent money on themselves as Romans continued to suffer –Gladiator games and parties  “Bread and circuses” –Rulers spent a fortune on free food and entertainment to poor

29. If an Emperor rules for life…how do you get a new one?

30. Succession   Succession- rules for who takes power next, who is next in line to rule   The Romans never had clear rules   Tried to figure it out as they went   As a result, Civil war was frequent as groups and people fought for power

31. Instability  29 emperors in just over 100 years –Assassinations, plots, power struggles  After an emperor died, rivals would fight for power (civil war)  Great generals killed off by insecure emperors  Senate and emperors did not work well together

33. Why Another Toilet? Why?

34. Commode  Definition according to Webster’s  Commode noun 1. a low chest of drawers 2. a movable stand containing a washbowl 3. a chair enclosing a chamber pot 4. a toilet  Commodus helped flush Rome down the toilet

35. Emperor Commodus  He is not the reason for Rome’s collapse; but just one example of a really, really, horrible emperor  I don’t know if any one great ruler could have saved it  And I think he looks like Mr. Budinas

36. Commodus  Personality: vain, paranoid, immature, cruel and obsessed w/ gladiator games  Rule was called “one long party”  Stole from treasury; spent a fortune on himself

38. Commodus  Played tough guy in rigged gladiator matches, but was a horrible army commander  Executed great generals and leaders if he saw them as a threats  Lost Roman territory  Ignored senate  Bribed army officials  Eventually assassinated

39. Diocletian  Tried to save empire by splitting it in half –Thought it would be easier to rule  But this led to power struggles –No one wanted to settle for half –Who wants to be Co-Emperor? –Diocletian’s plan to split the empire to help it didn’t work  Killed the most Christians –Led to resentment and rebellion

40. Diocletian’s Divisions

41. Memory Devices  Diocletain –Di= two; he split empire into two –Di= as in die; he killed more Christians than any other emperor of Rome Christians than any other emperor of Rome West Rome East Rome mmmm ….Rome

42. Christianity in the Roman Empire

43. Christianity  Since 1 AD, Christianity was spreading through the Roman Empire  Christianity’s founder, Jesus of Nazareth, was crucified by Roman officials  His followers believed Jesus to be the messiah, or savior, of mankind  Followers called: Christians

44. The Threat of Christianity  Roman officials felt threatened by Christianity  Refused to serve in army  Would not worship Roman emperor as a God  “Power in Numbers” –Christianity sought to include poor; the poor greatly outnumbered the rich –Worried they would rebel and overthrow empire  Loyal to Christian beliefs over empire

45. Persecution of Christians  Persecution- to treat repeatedly in a cruel or unjust way  Roman officials blamed Christians for the problems plaguing the empire; scapegoats  So they persecuted Christians; outlawed services, imprisoned them, killed them, threw them into Gladiator games

46. Christianity in Rome  Many Christians became martyrs  A martyr is someone who dies for their beliefs or cause  Tried to stamp out Christianity; but it didn’t work

47. Constantine and Christianity  First Christian Roman Emperor  Converted after experiencing a miracle in battle  Issued Edict of Milan: declared religious freedom in Roman Empire  Outlawed persecution of Christians

48. Constantine and Christianity  Built Christian churches, closed Roman temples  Council of Nicea- started by Constantine, officials met to settle disputes and outline basic beliefs of the Church

49. Constantine Goes To War  Went to war with Emperor of Eastern Half, Licinius  Why? Licinius was still allowing persecution of Christians  Constantine wins  Reunites Empire- rules both E. and W. halves, but then it’s divided again after he dies

50. Military Problems Western Rome is ….going ….going….gone.

51. Military Problems  Paid soldiers more, but coins were worth less  Hired mercenaries- foreign soldiers who served for pay –Loyal to commander; not empire and emperor –Would switch sides for $$$ –Sometimes fighting their own relatives –Not as disciplined, loyal, or well trained  Overtime Rome’s army was made up of an increasing proportion of mercenaries

52. Size: was Rome too big to protect?  “Barbarian” aka Germanic tribes constantly “pushing into Roman lands”  Romans had huge borders to protect  And an army that was growing less fit for the job

53. Military Problems: Think it Out  Here is the scenario: –A Germanic/Barbaric tribe called the FRANKS is invading the northern borders of the Roman empire. The Franks are attacking and claiming lands in a Roman territory called Gaul (France). –Another tribe called the VANDALS are pushing into the Rome’s southern borders; looting Roman territory in Spain in Africa. This group learned how to sail and seems bent on capturing the city of Rome itself.

54. Military Problems: Think it Out  What obvious dilemma are Roman commanders facing?  What elements does any military force need to be successful?  What modern technologies did the Romans lack that would hurt their ability to respond to this situation?

56. “Barbarian” “Invasion” The real term is Germanic. The Romans called everyone else “Barbarians.” AHHHHHH HHHHHHH HHHHHHH HHHHHH!!

57. I’m not a barbarian. I am the govenator. Arnold starred in a Really bad movie called Conan The Barbarian

59. The Huns Move in From Asia  Huns were a fierce nomadic tribe from Asia  Pushed into Europe looking for better farmland  Led by a ruthless man named Attila the Hun  Everyone was terrified of them!

60. Tag!  I think of the invasion as a big game of Barbarian tag!  With battle axes!  Huns push other tribes into Rome!

61. On the Run from the Hun   Other tribes flee from the Huns and push into Roman lands   Visigoths- did not want to fight; wanted to relocate to Rome & end up taking the city in 410   Vandals- vandalized property   Franks -moved into northern France   Angles, Saxons, and the Jutes- Moved onto the Island of Great Britain (Angleland or England)

62. Romulus Augustulus-  Last Roman emperor, was 14 years old  Ripped from power in 476 AD  Replaced by Germanic general: ODACER  No one knows what happened to him- most think he was shipped to a farm

63.  When your emperor is used as a stepping stool; it is a pretty good sign you are finished

64. Western Roman Empire Eastern Roman Empire East & West Go Separate Ways $$$ Split is permanent Eastern Rome becomes the Byzantine Empire