1. “If you can remember anything about the sixties, you weren’t really there.” - Paul Kantner, guitarist of the Jefferson Airplane

2. British Pop Music (pre-1960s) Dominated by American Acts and tastes - World War II – US Soldiers in UK - Post WWII rebuilding of damaged country US Teenagers = money, cars, rock ‘n roll, etc. BBC controls broadcasting (3 channels) - Brian Matthew, “Saturday Club” - major labels license (and push) US records “Skiffle” – mix of folk, jazz, etc.

3. Lonnie Donegan (1931-2002) Leading Skiffle Band Traditional jazz, folk music, “jug” bands, etc. 20 “Top 30 Hits” in UK Primary Influence on Beatles & other bands YouTube - Lonnie Donegan - Rock Island LineYouTube - Lonnie Donegan - Rock Island Line Lonnie Donnegan - The Battle Of New Orleans – YouTubeLonnie Donnegan - The Battle Of New Orleans – YouTube Lonnie Donegan s Skiffle Group - Puttin On The Style – YouTubeLonnie Donegan s Skiffle Group - Puttin On The Style – YouTube Lonnie Donegan - Does Your Chewing Gum Lose it's Flavour? - YouTubeLonnie Donegan - Does Your Chewing Gum Lose it's Flavour? - YouTube

4. The Beatles (beginnings) Liverpool Skiffle Band - The Quarrymen - nucleus (Lennon, McCartney, Harrison) - Drummer (Hanton), Bass (Sutcliffe) AKA Johnny and the Moondogs, Silver Beetles, etc. Auditions for Professional management Brief tour of Scotland 1 st Recording (1958) The Quarrymen - That'll Be The Day - YouTube The Quarrymen - That'll Be The Day - YouTube

5. Beatles in Hamburg 1960 & 1962 - three long dates (‘62) - 246 performances 6-hour gigs - learn everything - American rock ‘n roll (Germans liked!) Examples. - YouTube - The Beatles - Red Hot (Full Version) - Live at the Star Club - The Beatles My Bonnie with lyrics Highest Quality Audio - YouTubeYouTube - The Beatles - Red Hot (Full Version) - Live at the Star ClubThe Beatles My Bonnie with lyrics Highest Quality Audio - YouTube Pete Best (drums), Harrison, Lennon, McCartney, and Sutcliffe (bass)

6. Liverpool: The Cavern 1961-63: 292 gigs - continuing “education” Lunchtime crowds American influences - sailors w/ records Example: YouTube - The Beatles - Hippy Hippy ShakeYouTube - The Beatles - Hippy Hippy Shake

7. Two major influences Brian Epstein Record store manager becomes Beatles’ manager (1961) changes image and promotes band George Martin (the “5 th Beatle”) A&R man for Parlophone (EMI) Produces & engineers sessions Replaces Pete Best w/ Ringo

8. The Beatles (c. 1962-4) Love me Do-The Beatles ' 62 – YouTube (UK # 17)Love me Do-The Beatles ' 62 – YouTube Beatles She Loves You (With Lyrics) – YouTube (UK # 1)Beatles She Loves You (With Lyrics) – YouTube The Beatles - I Want To Hold Your Hand – YouTube (US # 1, late 1963)The Beatles - I Want To Hold Your Hand – YouTube Boston Pops I Want To Hold Your Hand – YouTube (“covered” by Boston Pops)Boston Pops I Want To Hold Your Hand – YouTube (Note the haircuts and suits)

9. The Ed Sullivan Show (1964) Textbook, pp. 168-9 YouTube - Beatles: CBS News "30 Years Ago" Invasion ReportYouTube - Beatles: CBS News "30 Years Ago" Invasion Report The Beatles 1st Ed Sullivan Performance (REMASTERED) – YouTubeThe Beatles 1st Ed Sullivan Performance (REMASTERED) – YouTube The Beatles - Live Ed Sullivan Show 1964 (ALL SHOWS New York, United States HD 1080p RARE) - YouTubeThe Beatles - Live Ed Sullivan Show 1964 (ALL SHOWS New York, United States HD 1080p RARE) - YouTube

10. Beatles Movies YouTube - A Hard Days Night TrailerYouTube - A Hard Days Night Trailer A Hard Day's Night (Full Movie) 1080p [HD] - YouTubeA Hard Day's Night (Full Movie) 1080p [HD] - YouTube Beatles" A Hard Days Night" Behind The Scenes – YouTubeBeatles" A Hard Days Night" Behind The Scenes – YouTube Help! The Beatles Movie - Complete 1 hour 30 Minute Movie - YouTubeHelp! The Beatles Movie - Complete 1 hour 30 Minute Movie - YouTube A Hard Day’s Night (1964) Help! (1965)

11. Influences on Beatles’ Sound “Skiffle” – general “jangly” sound US Rock ‘n Roll / Rockabilly – Elvis, Chuck Berry, Buddy Holly, Little Richard, etc. 12-bar blues or basic song forms Chuck Berry guitar strum Fuzz tone – Ventures, also Les Paul Brill Building – lyrics & song forms Vocal harmonies – girl groups, Everly Bros., etc

12. The Beatles (mid-career) “Beatlemania” (August 1966 – Last stadium concert) YouTube - "I Saw Her Standing There (Live)" By the Beatles (1964)YouTube - "I Saw Her Standing There (Live)" By the Beatles Revolver (1966 album) -beginning of “studio” sound - more complex “composition” - album-length works - difficult / impossible to create in live performance The Beatles - "Tomorrow Never Knows" Mono – YouTube (1966)The Beatles - "Tomorrow Never Knows" Mono – YouTube The Beatles (1966)