1. Moons Chapter 18 Section 2 Lecture 1

2. What is a satellite? A satellite is a natural or artificial body that revolves around large bodies like planets. All of the planets, except for Mercury & Venus, have natural satellites called moons.  Artificial satellite Natural satellite 

3. Our Lovely Moon Our moon is called Luna, the Latin word for moon. Our moon has a lower density than Earth & samples of lunar rocks brought back by the Apollo astronauts suggests the moon is similar to the Earth’s mantle. The oldest lunar rocks are about 4.6 billion years old. The moon is also covered in craters. By counting these, we know exactly how many times the moon has been hit.

4. Did Earth Have Two Moons?

5. Interesting Facts The moon changes slightly every single night. There is no air, food, or liquid water on the moon. The moon’s gravity is too weak to hold an atmosphere. The moon reflects only 7% of the light that falls on it. Every full moon has a name. The most familiar is the harvest moon, which occurs in the fall. More than 70 spacecraft have been sent to the moon. 12 astronauts have walked on the surface Check out: Google MoonGoogle Moon

7. Why do we only see one side of the moon? Think about it: every time you look at the moon, it looks the same. Same man on the moon, same bunny rabbit, always the same. This is because the moon rotates at the same rate it revolves (27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes) - so the same side always faces Earth. This is called synchronous rotation. There is a part of the moon we never will see from Earth. There is no such thing as the dark side of the moon because the sun shines on all sides of the moon in turn.

8. How was the moon formed?

9. 2. How was the moon formed?

10. The Phases of the Moon FULL MOON WAXING GIBBOUS FIRST QUARTER WAXING CRESCENT NEW MOON WANING CRESCENT LAST QUARTER WANING GIBBOUS

11. Week 1 1.New Moon -When the Moon is roughly in the same direction as the Sun, its illuminated half is facing away from the Earth, and therefore the part that faces us is all dark. When in this phase, the Sun and the Moon rise and set at about the same time. 2. Waxing Crescent - As the Moon moves around the Earth, we get to see more and more of the illuminated half, and we say the moon is waxing. At first we get a silver of it, which grows as the days go by. Waxing = to increase in power/brightness

12. Week 2 3. First Quarter - A week after the New Moon, when the Moon has completed about a quarter of its turn around the Earth, we can see half of the illuminated part; that is a quarter of the Moon. 4. Waxing Gibbous - During the next week we keep on seeing more and more of the illuminated part of the Moon. gibbous = almost full

13. Week 3 5. Full Moon - Two weeks after the New Moon, the Moon is now half way through it’s revolution, and now the illuminated half coincides with the one facing the earth, so that we can see a full disk. At this time the Moon rises as the Sun sets, and it sets as the Sun rises. 6. Waning Gibbous - From now on, till it becomes new again, the illuminated part of the Moon decreases, and we say that’s a waning. Waning = to decrease in power/brightness

14. Week 4 7. Last Quarter - Three weeks after the new, we again see half of the illuminated part. 8. Waning Crescent - Finally, during the fourth week, the Moon is reduced to a thin silver crest.

16. Other Moons Many of the planets have moons - both large and small All of the gas giants have many moons Many of the very small moons may be captured asteroids 4 moons are larger than our moon: Ganymede, Titan, Callisto & Io

18. 3. Scientists research surface of the Titan moon

19. Eclipses An eclipse occurs when the shadow of one celestial body falls on another. It’s all about blocking light & creating a shadow. Eclipses don't last longer than a few hours because both planets or moons are moving. The amount of eclipse is also dependent on your location. The same eclipse might be a total eclipse for someone in Brazil, but only a partial eclipse for someone in Florida. Why don’t we see solar and lunar eclipses every month? –Because the moon’s orbit is titled by about 5˚ –This means the moon stays out of Earth’s shadows most of the time, and vice versa

20. Lunar Eclipse Occurs when the Earth comes between the sun and the moon. During a total lunar eclipse, the moons often appears to turn a deep red. There are 2 to 3 lunar eclipses a year Partial lunar eclipses are a little more common than total lunar eclipses Lunar eclipses are totally safe to look at.

21. Solar Eclipse Occurs when the moon comes between the sun and the earth. The Moon casts a shadow over a portion of the planet, leaving that area in darkness. If you were watching from space, you could see the shadow pass over the surface. You would also notice that the Moon's shadow only covers a part of the planet because the Earth is much larger than the Moon.

22. Solar Eclipse There are 1-2 solar eclipses each year. A total solar eclipse happens when the Moon blocks the entire Sun. An annular or partial solar eclipse only covers some of the Sun. There are different eclipses because the Moon can be closer or further away from the surface of the Earth. Never look directly at a solar eclipse. Turkey Eclipse 2006

23. What if we had no moon? We’ll get to watch that movie on Friday

24. BrainPops! 1.The Moon :click hereclick here 2.Moon Phases: click hereclick here 3.Eclipse: click hereclick here 4.Tides: click hereclick here

25. Brain Pops: The Moon

26. 2. Moon Phases

27. 3. Eclipse

28. 4. Tides

29. Let’s talk about the moon Journal After we talk about the moon journal, you’ll be going into the computer lab to watch the 4 Brain Pops that have to do with the moon. THEN, you’ll have some time to start working on you Chp 18 little book that is due next week

30. 4. And in conclusion… here’s Bill