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1 http://graciegirlakagg.deviantart.com/art/ocean-land-and-sky-209543688

2  Section 8 The Global Carbon Cycle 90. What are (2) major variables shaping Earth's weather patterns? ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 91. Humans are changing the planet's radiative balance by increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases through activities such as burning fossil fuels. This process is changing what (2) variables? _____________________________________________________________________ 92. What will determine the fraction of man-made CO2 emissions that will remain in the atmosphere and alter Earth's radiative balance? ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 93. What is considered the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas? _____________________ 94. In recent decades, only about half of the CO2 added to the atmosphere by human activities has stayed in the atmosphere. The rest has been taken up and stored where? ______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 95. The basic processes through which land and ocean sinks (storage reservoirs) take up carbon are well understood, but there are many questions. What (3) questions do scientists have still? 96. The residence time of carbon varies widely among different reservoirs. On average a carbon atom spends about ______ years in the atmosphere, ______ years in terrestrial vegetation, and _________ years in intermediate and deep ocean waters. Carbon can remain locked up in ocean sediments or fossil fuel deposits for _____________________ of years. 97. Oceans and land ecosystems thus serve as both _______________ and ___________ for carbon. 98. It would take about _______________ years for all ocean water to come into contact with the atmosphere. 99. Forests take up CO2 through what features? _________________________________________ 100. What reasons do scientists give for forests taking up a rising share of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion in the 1980s and 1990s? __________________________________________________ http://www.biochar.org/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=67&Itemid=7&limit=1&limitstart=1

3 http://sciencewithme.com/learn-about-fossil-fuels/

4  Section 8 The Global Carbon Cycle 90. What are (2) major variables shaping Earth's weather patterns? ___________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 91. Humans are changing the planet's radiative balance by increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases through activities such as burning fossil fuels. This process is changing what (2) variables? _____________________________________________________________________ 92. What will determine the fraction of man-made CO2 emissions that will remain in the atmosphere and alter Earth's radiative balance? 93. What is considered the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas? _____________________ 94. In recent decades, only about half of the CO2 added to the atmosphere by human activities has stayed in the atmosphere. The rest has been taken up and stored where? ______________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 95. The basic processes through which land and ocean sinks (storage reservoirs) take up carbon are well understood, but there are many questions. What (3) questions do scientists have still? 96. The residence time of carbon varies widely among different reservoirs. On average a carbon atom spends about ______ years in the atmosphere, ______ years in terrestrial vegetation, and _________ years in intermediate and deep ocean waters. Carbon can remain locked up in ocean sediments or fossil fuel deposits for _____________________ of years. 97. Oceans and land ecosystems thus serve as both _______________ and ___________ for carbon. 98. It would take about _______________ years for all ocean water to come into contact with the atmosphere. 99. Forests take up CO2 through what features? _________________________________________ 100. What reasons do scientists give for forests taking up a rising share of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion in the 1980s and 1990s? __________________________________________________ 90. What are (2) major variables shaping Earth's weather patterns? temperature and moisture levels http://agrippinglife.wordpress.com/2012/03/23/new-weather-patterns-same-old-complainers/

5 91. Humans are changing the planet's radiative balance by increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases through activities such as burning fossil fuels. This process is changing what (2) variables? global temperatures and moisture levels http://www.thedailygreen.com/environmental-news/latest/global-warming-facts-myths-0409

6 http://geothermal.marin.org/GEOpresentation/sld112.htm Today, coal provides 55% of the U.S. electricity supply and the U.S. imports more than half of the oil it consumes. Slide 112 of 122, © 2000 Geothermal Education Office

7 http://www.energytomorrow.org/blog/2012/october/life-without-fossil-fuels-all-the-things-wed-miss

8 http://www.energytomorrow.org/blog/2012/november/no-oil-or-natural-gas-a-less-beautiful-world

9 http://www.energytomorrow.org/blog/2012/september/no-oil-no-natural-gas-a-colder-world

10 92.What will determine the fraction of man-made CO 2 emissions that will remain in the atmosphere and alter Earth's radiative balance? the rate at which land and ocean sinks take up carbon http://thedailyocean.blogspot.com/2011/06/land-ho-or-sight-for-sore-eyes.html

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12 93. What is considered the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas? CO 2 http://bradleydibble.authorsxpress.com/2012/11/28/visualizing-carbon-dioxide-might-help/

13 94. In recent decades, only about half of the CO 2 added to the atmosphere by human activities has stayed in the atmosphere. The rest has been taken up and stored where? in the oceans and in terrestrial ecosystems http://school.homeoclass.ru/carbon-dioxide /

14 95. The basic processes through which land and ocean sinks (storage reservoirs) take up carbon are well understood, but there are many questions. What (3) questions do scientists have still? 1.How much anthropogenic carbon can these sinks absorb? 2. Which sinks are taking up the largest shares? 3. How sensitive are these sinks to various changes in the environment? in the environment? http://www.celebratebig.com/hawaii-big-island/i6-hawaii-south-point-honaunau-bay-puuhonua-o-honaunau-mango-sunset-bb-lyman-farms-wawaloli-beach.htm

15 96. The residence time of carbon varies widely among different reservoirs. On average a carbon atom spends about 5 years in the atmosphere, 10 years in terrestrial vegetation, and 380 years in intermediate and deep ocean waters. Carbon can remain locked up in ocean sediments or fossil fuel deposits for millions of years. http://www.interactiveoceans.washington.edu/story/Carbon+Cycle

16 97. Oceans and land ecosystems thus serve as both sources and sinks for carbon. Gigatons of Carbon and the Carbon Cycle. Source: IPCC 2004

17 98. It would take about 500 years for all ocean water to come into contact with the atmosphere. http://wallpaperswa.com/thumbnails/detail/20120630/water%20ocean%20sea%20blue%20sky%201920x1200%20wallpaper_wallpaperswa.com_6.jpg

18 99. Forests take up CO 2 through what features? http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/nfsnc/recreation/horseriding-camping/recarea/?recid=48634&actid=30 Nantahala National Forest photosynthesis, stored carbon in plant tissue, forest litter, and soils

19 100.What reasons do scientists give for forests taking up a rising share of CO 2 from fossil fuel combustion in the 1980s and 1990s? Scientists believe that this occurred mainly because forests in the Northeastern United States and similar areas in Europe, many of which were clear- cut or used for agriculture in the 1700s and 1800s, have been growing back with the decline of agriculture in the region.

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