1. Feudalism and the Manorial System
Chapter 13 Section 2
Feudalism and the Manorial System

2. Feudalism 900s: most of Europe was governed by local lords
This political and social organization led by these independent leaders became known as feudalism

3. FEUDALISM
KING
LORDS (Nobles)
KNIGHTS
PEASANTS (Serfs)

4. Feudalism A noble grants land to a lesser noble
In return gets loyalty, military assistance, and other services
Fief: grant of land given by a lord
Vassal: person who receives grant
The vassal could divide his land and give to knights
then the vassal becomes a lord

5. Primogeniture: the system of inheritance from father to oldest son
Women: receive land in a dowry
remains the property of her husband
Lords: vassals to the king
Medieval church also practiced feudalism
granted fiefs in return for military protection and service

6. Manorial System
Economic system: large farming estates that included manor houses, cultivated lands, woodlands, pastures, fields, and villages
Self sufficient societies:
food, clothing, and shelter
Peasants:
-worked the land -shared crops,
-provided services -paid taxes to the lord

7. Manorial System Located along a stream or river for water power
Houses surround the castle for safety
The village, cultivated fields, pastures, and forests make up the outer area

8. Peasant Life
*Serfs- peasants; could not leave the land w/o the lord’s permission
*Work: Grueling and Harsh
*Meals: Meager
*Short life expectancies

9. Castles Usually built on hills
Fortified base for the lord to protect the surrounding country side
Structures made of earth, wood and stone.
Usually built on hills
If on flat land a moat was built
The “keep”: a strong tower with workshops, barracks and lord’s living quarters.

12. Feudal Justice Trial by battle- a duel between accuser and accused
determined guilt or innocence
Compurgation- supporters swear that their person was telling the truth
Trial by ordeal- accused had to either
carry a piece of hot iron
plunge his hand in a pot of boiling water
survive extended immersion in cold water

13. Warfare Knights wore armor in battle and were heavily armed
Chain mail: small interlocking metal links
Iron helmets, a sword, large shield, and a lance

14. Chivalry
A system of rules that dictated knights’ behavior towards others
Young boys work as pages/squires under a knight
Learn knightly manners and care for weapons
Takes care of the knight’s horse, armor, and weapons
Squire proves himself in battle = becomes a knight

15. Code of Chivalry Be courageous in battle
Loyal to friends and keep his word
Courteous to women and the less powerful
Required to extend courtesy only to his own class

16. Coat of Arms (Heraldry)
A graphic symbol that identified a knight
Represented his personal characteristics in battle
Painted or stitched onto the knight’s shield, his outer coat, or his horse’s trappings
Passed through the generations

17. Royal Spanish Coat of Arms

18. Prince Charles of Wales

19. City of Pittsburgh